Acceptability, Feasibility and Effectiveness of Online Peer Support Group for ART Adherence Among Youth

Summary

In Uganda, Youth living with HIV/AIDS (YLHIVA) enrolled in HIV treatment experience suboptimal treatment adherence and have lower viral load suppression (VLS) rates compared to younger children or adults. VLS is essential in reducing AIDS related morbidity and mortality yet AIDS-related deaths remain high among YLHIVA. To improve these poor outcomes, there has been an effort by Ministry of Health Uganda (MoH) to prioritize and scale up new adolescent and youth-targeted models of service delivery. "Peer support" increasingly forms part of adolescent and youth-responsive service packages as a class of implementation strategies that can support adolescents to access, engage, and sustain treatment. However, peer support activities in Uganda occur face to face at health care settings(2). This approach presents structural limitations such as the need to travel or schedule an appointment, inconvenient working hours and inadequate safe space for peer support activities. Thus, peer support services may not be readily available at the time when youth need them. With the rapid increase in mobile phone availability among Ugandan youth, online peer support groups (PSGs) have the potential to help YLHIVA access regular support without significant effort or cost. The rollout of online PSGs among YLHIVA in Uganda requires evidence on there acceptability feasibility and effectiveness.

Aim: The aim of this study is to explore a WhatsApp peer support group as a strategy to improve ART adherence care among youth aged 15-24 years in Kampala district.

Methods: The study will use a mixed methods approach. It will be conducted in two phases; first a formative phase to refine the aspects of the WhatsApp peer support group. These findings will then guide the design and implementation of the second phase; an RCT to assess the acceptability, feasibility and effectiveness of WhatsApp PSG as strategy to improve ART adherence among YLHIVA in Kampala. The RCT is a multicentre, open label assessor-blind, with balanced randomisation (1:1) parallel group superiority trial. Study participants randomized to the control arm will remain on the current standard of care only, while those in the intervention arm will be enrolled on a WhatsApp PSG and receive the current standard. Data will be collected using structured questionnaires, Key Informant Interviews, focus group discussions and in-depth interviews. Quantitative data will be analysed using summary statistics, logistic regression models, generalized linear models and Generalized Estimating Equations while for the qualitative verbatim transcription and thematic analysis will be used.

Utility: The study findings will help to advance the knowledge on virtual support as a peer support model in Uganda.

Conditions

• HIV Disease Progression

Interventions

BEHAVIORAL

WhatsApp peer support group

YLHIVA assigned to the WhatsApp group will interact with each other and their peer counsellors through one-on-one private communications and on the group chat. The group chat will allow YLHIVA to ask questions, post comments, and reply to one another at any time. We shall share education videos once a week at a time agreed upon with study participants to optimize assimilation of information. In addition, peer counsellor will engage in private WhatsApp calls with youth once a week, to monitor psychosocial state, medication adherence, identify barriers to adherence and counsel YLHIVA. However, youth may initiate in more private communications' when need arises. The peer counsellor will also engage with YLHIVA daily through WhatsApp messages. We will tailor the messages to young people's treatment schedules, clinic appointments, and psychosocial state. Again, youth may text a peer counsellor whenever they wish to do so.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Makerere University

  collaborator OTHER

• Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Uganda

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• Yerusa Ms Kiirya, Masters · Makerere University School of Medicine

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

SUPPORTIVE_CARE

Masking

SINGLE

Model

PARALLEL

Eligibility

Min Age

15 Years

Max Age

24 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2022-08-01

Primary Completion

2023-06-30

Completion

2023-06-30

Countries

• Uganda

Study Locations