Trial Outcomes & Findings for A Clinical Study Investigating the Effects of a Dentifrice Containing 67% Sodium Bicarbonate When Used Twice Daily for 12 Weeks on Gingivitis Treatment and Plaque Removal (NCT NCT05654662)

This study was conducted at a single center in the United Kingdom.

A total of 204 participants were screened of which 197 participants were enrolled, and 190 participants were randomized to receive treatment in 2 groups: Test Product group (94 participants) and Reference Product group (96 participants). 14 participants were not randomized (9 participants did not meet study criteria; 2 participants were lost to follow-up; and 3 participants withdrew their consent). A total of 188 randomized participants completed the study.

A Clinical Study Investigating the Effects of a Dentifrice Containing 67% Sodium Bicarbonate When Used Twice Daily for 12 Weeks on Gingivitis Treatment and Plaque Removal

The number of bleeding sites was calculated using the bleeding index (BI) assessment. The BI was assessed for all evaluable surfaces (having two-thirds of the natural tooth surface gradable for the assessment) of the facial and lingual/palatal gingiva, 6 sites per tooth (mesiobuccal, buccal, and distobuccal; mesiolingual/palatal, lingual/palatal, and distolingual/palatal). Evaluable tooth sites were probed, and gingival bleeding was assessed for approximately 30 seconds after probing. The number of bleeding sites for each participant was calculated as the number of evaluable tooth sites with bleeding observed immediately on probing or within 30 seconds of probing. Change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value from the value at Week 12. Baseline was defined as Day 0. A negative change from Baseline indicated improvement in gingival bleeding.

The number of bleeding sites was calculated using the BI assessment. The BI was assessed for all evaluable surfaces (having two-thirds of the natural tooth surface gradable for the assessment) of the facial and lingual/palatal gingiva, 6 sites per tooth (mesiobuccal, buccal, and distobuccal; mesiolingual/palatal, lingual/palatal, and distolingual/palatal). Evaluable tooth sites were probed, and gingival bleeding was assessed for approximately 30 seconds after probing. The number of bleeding sites for each participant was calculated as the number of evaluable tooth sites with bleeding observed immediately on probing or within 30 seconds of probing. Change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value from the value at Week 12. Baseline was defined as Day 0. A negative change from Baseline indicated improvement in gingival bleeding.

The number of bleeding sites was calculated using the BI assessment. The BI was assessed for all evaluable surfaces (having two-thirds of the natural tooth surface gradable for the assessment) of the facial and lingual/palatal gingiva, 6 sites per tooth (mesiobuccal, buccal, and distobuccal; mesiolingual/palatal, lingual/palatal, and distolingual/palatal). Evaluable tooth sites were probed, and gingival bleeding was assessed for approximately 30 seconds after probing. The number of bleeding sites for each participant was calculated as the number of evaluable tooth sites with bleeding observed immediately on probing or within 30 seconds of probing. Change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value from the value at each indicated timepoint. Baseline was defined as Day 0. A negative change from Baseline indicated improvement in gingival bleeding.

The number of bleeding sites was calculated using the BI assessment. The BI was assessed for all evaluable surfaces (having two-thirds of the natural tooth surface gradable for the assessment) of the facial and lingual/palatal gingiva, 6 sites per tooth (mesiobuccal, buccal, and distobuccal; mesiolingual/palatal, lingual/palatal, and distolingual/palatal). Evaluable tooth sites were probed, and gingival bleeding was assessed for approximately 30 seconds after probing. The number of bleeding sites for each participant was calculated as the number of evaluable tooth sites with bleeding observed immediately on probing or within 30 seconds of probing. Change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value from the value at each indicated timepoint. Baseline was defined as Day 0. A negative change from Baseline indicated improvement in gingival bleeding.

The BI was assessed for all evaluable surfaces (having two-thirds of the natural tooth surface gradable for the assessment) of the facial and lingual/palatal gingiva, 6 sites per tooth (mesiobuccal, buccal, and distobuccal; mesiolingual/palatal, lingual/palatal, and distolingual/palatal). Evaluable tooth sites were probed, and gingival bleeding was assessed for approximately 30 seconds after probing and scored on a 3-point scale ranging from 0 to 2, where 0=No bleeding after 30 seconds; 1=Bleeding observed within 30 seconds of probing; 2=Bleeding observed immediately on probing. Mean BI was calculated by taking the average over all tooth sites assessed for a participant. Lower score indicated better outcome. Change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value from the value at each indicated timepoint. Baseline was defined as Day 0. A negative change from Baseline indicated improvement in gingival bleeding.

The BI was assessed for all evaluable surfaces (having two-thirds of the natural tooth surface gradable for the assessment) of the facial and lingual/palatal gingiva, 6 sites per tooth (mesiobuccal, buccal, and distobuccal; mesiolingual/palatal, lingual/palatal, and distolingual/palatal). Evaluable tooth sites were probed, and gingival bleeding was assessed for approximately 30 seconds after probing and scored on a 3-point scale ranging from 0 to 2, where 0=No bleeding after 30 seconds; 1=Bleeding observed within 30 seconds of probing; 2=Bleeding observed immediately on probing. Mean BI was calculated by taking the average over all tooth sites assessed for a participant. Lower score indicated better outcome. Change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value from the value at each indicated timepoint. Baseline was defined as Day 0. A negative change from Baseline indicated improvement in gingival bleeding.

MGI assessment is a non-invasive evaluation which focuses on visual symptoms of gingivitis (example, redness, texture, edema). MGI was assessed for all evaluable surfaces of facial and lingual/palatal gingiva,4 sites per tooth and scored on a 5-point scale ranging from 0 to 4, where 0=Absence of inflammation;1=Mild inflammation;slight change in color,little change in color;little change in texture of any portion of marginal or papillary gingival unit;2=Mild inflammation; criteria as 1 but involving the entire marginal or papillary gingival unit;3=Moderate inflammation;glazing, redness, edema, and/or hypertrophy of marginal or papillary gingival unit;4= Severe inflammation;marked redness, edema and/or hypertrophy of marginal or papillary gingival unit,spontaneous bleeding, congestion, or ulceration. Lower score indicated better outcome. Change from Baseline=Value at each indicated timepoint minus Baseline \[Day 0\] value. A negative change from Baseline indicated improvement in symptoms.

MGI assessment is a non-invasive evaluation which focuses on visual symptoms of gingivitis (example, redness, texture, edema). MGI was assessed for all evaluable surfaces of facial and lingual/palatal gingiva,4 sites per tooth and scored on a 5-point scale ranging from 0 to 4, where 0=Absence of inflammation;1=Mild inflammation;slight change in color,little change in color;little change in texture of any portion of marginal or papillary gingival unit;2=Mild inflammation; criteria as 1 but involving the entire marginal or papillary gingival unit;3=Moderate inflammation;glazing, redness, edema, and/or hypertrophy of marginal or papillary gingival unit;4= Severe inflammation;marked redness, edema and/or hypertrophy of marginal or papillary gingival unit,spontaneous bleeding, congestion, or ulceration. Lower score indicated better outcome. Change from Baseline=Value at each indicated timepoint minus Baseline \[Day 0\] value. A negative change from Baseline indicated improvement in symptoms.

TPI was used to assess plaque on the facial and lingual surfaces of each scorable tooth (7-7 in each arch). 3 scores were recorded facially(distal, body, mesial sites), and 3 scores were recorded lingually(distal, body, mesial sites). Plaque was first disclosed using a dye solution and scored on a 6-point scale ranging from 0 to 5, where 0=No plaque; 1=Separate flecks of plaque at the cervical margin; 2=Thin continuous band of plaque (up to 1 millimeter\[mm\]) at the cervical margin; 3=Band of plaque wider than 1 mm but covering less than (\<)1/3 of the tooth surface; 4=Plaque covering greater than or equal to (\>=)1/3 but \<2/3 of the tooth surface; 5=Plaque covering \>=2/3 of the tooth surface. Mean overall TPI score=Average of TPI values over all tooth sites assessed for a participant. Lower score=better outcome. Change from Baseline=Value at each indicated timepoint minus Baseline value. Baseline=Day 0. A negative change from Baseline indicated improvement (less plaque accumulation).

TPI was used to assess plaque on the facial and lingual surfaces of each scorable tooth (7-7 in each arch). 3 scores were recorded facially (distal, body, mesial sites), and 3 scores were recorded lingually (distal, body, mesial sites). Plaque was first disclosed using a dye solution and scored on a 6-point scale ranging from 0 to 5, where 0=No plaque; 1=Separate flecks of plaque at the cervical margin; 2=Thin continuous band of plaque (up to 1 mm) at the cervical margin; 3=Band of plaque wider than 1 mm but covering \<1/3 of the tooth surface; 4=Plaque covering \>=1/3 but \<2/3 of the tooth surface; 5=Plaque covering \>=2/3 of the tooth surface. Mean overall TPI score=Average of TPI values over all tooth sites assessed for a participant. Lower score=better outcome. Change from Baseline=Value at each indicated timepoint minus Baseline value. Baseline=Day 0. A negative change from Baseline indicated improvement (less plaque accumulation).

TPI was used to assess plaque on the facial and lingual surfaces of each scorable tooth (7-7 in each arch). 3 scores were recorded facially (distal, mesial sites), and 3 scores were recorded lingually (distal, mesial sites). Plaque was first disclosed using a dye solution and scored on a 6-point scale ranging from 0 to 5, where 0=No plaque; 1=Separate flecks of plaque at the cervical margin; 2=Thin continuous band of plaque (up to 1 mm) at the cervical margin; 3=Band of plaque wider than 1 mm but covering \<1/3 of the tooth surface; 4=Plaque covering \>=1/3 but \<2/3 of the tooth surface; 5=Plaque covering \>=2/3 of the tooth surface. Mean interproximal TPI score=Average of TPI values over distal and mesial tooth sites assessed for a participant. Lower score indicated better outcome. Change from Baseline=Value at each indicated timepoint minus Baseline value. Baseline=Day 0. A negative change from Baseline indicated improvement (less plaque accumulation).

TPI was used to assess plaque on the facial and lingual surfaces of each scorable tooth (7-7 in each arch). 3 scores were recorded facially (distal, mesial sites), and 3 scores were recorded lingually (distal, mesial sites). Plaque was first disclosed using a dye solution and scored on a 6-point scale ranging from 0 to 5, where 0=No plaque; 1=Separate flecks of plaque at the cervical margin; 2=Thin continuous band of plaque (up to 1 mm) at the cervical margin; 3=Band of plaque wider than 1 mm but covering \<1/3 of the tooth surface; 4=Plaque covering \>=1/3 but \<2/3 of the tooth surface; 5=Plaque covering \>=2/3 of the tooth surface. Mean interproximal TPI score=Average of TPI values over distal and mesial tooth sites assessed for a participant. Lower score indicated better outcome. Change from Baseline=Value at each indicated timepoint minus Baseline value. Baseline=Day 0. A negative change from Baseline indicated improvement (less plaque accumulation).