Trial Outcomes & Findings for Testing Legally Feasible Options Studies 2/3 (NCT NCT05604508)

Last Updated: 2025-01-13

Results Overview

Respondents answer the following items: "Do you think you will try a cigarette anytime soon?", "Do you think you will try a cigarette anytime in the next year?"; and "If one of your best friends offered you a cigarette, would you smoke it?". Responses are made on a 1 (Definitely not) to 10 (Definitely yes) scale and summed to produce a total smoking risk scale score (range from 3 - 30). Total scale scores are dichotomized: scores of 3 are coded as '0' (no risk) and any score greater than 3 is coded as '1' (at risk). Outcome is proportion at risk of cigarette smoking (number of participants at risk over number of participants within condition).

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

Target enrollment

445 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

There is one visit in this research: This variable is assessed at that visit, within 5 minutes of the experimental manipulation

Results posted on

2025-01-13

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure	Status Quo This condition will allow for many posters with pricing information to be displayed. Many posters with prices: No poster number or price restrictions	Reduced Poster This condition will allow for a reduced number of posters with pricing information to be displayed. Fewer posters, no price restrictions: Poster number restrictions, but no price restrictions	No Price This condition will allow for many posters with no pricing information to be displayed. Many posters, no prices: No poster number restrictions, but price restrictions
Overall Study STARTED	150	147	148
Overall Study COMPLETED	150	147	148
Overall Study NOT COMPLETED	0	0	0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Some participants opted to not complete some information, hence the different n.

Baseline characteristics by cohort

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: There is one visit in this research: This variable is assessed at that visit, within 5 minutes of the experimental manipulation

Population: Some participants were missing data, which accounts for differences in the n.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Status Quo n=142 Participants This condition will allow for many posters with pricing information to be displayed. Many posters with prices: No poster number or price restrictions	Reduced Poster n=145 Participants This condition will allow for a reduced number of posters with pricing information to be displayed. Fewer posters, no price restrictions: Poster number restrictions, but no price restrictions	No Price n=146 Participants This condition will allow for many posters with no pricing information to be displayed. Many posters, no prices: No poster number restrictions, but price restrictions
Self-reported Cigarette Smoking Risk After Shopping in the StoreLab	.59 proportion of participants Interval 0.45 to 0.73	.52 proportion of participants Interval 0.38 to 0.65	.39 proportion of participants Interval 0.28 to 0.51

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: There is one visit in this research: This variable is assessed at that visit, within 5 minutes after experimental manipulation

Population: Some participants opted to not answer some items, hence the differing n.

Respondents answer the following items: "Do you think you will try a vaping product anytime soon?", "Do you think you will try a vaping product anytime in the next year?"; and "If one of your best friends offered you a vaping product, would you use it?". Responses are made on a 1 (Definitely not) to 10 (Definitely yes) scale and summed to produce a total vaping risk scale score (range from 3 - 30). Total scale scores are dichotomized: scores of 3 are coded as '0' (no risk) and any score greater than 3 is coded as '1' (at risk). Outcome is proportion at risk of vaping (number of participants at risk over number of participants within condition).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Status Quo n=142 Participants This condition will allow for many posters with pricing information to be displayed. Many posters with prices: No poster number or price restrictions	Reduced Poster n=145 Participants This condition will allow for a reduced number of posters with pricing information to be displayed. Fewer posters, no price restrictions: Poster number restrictions, but no price restrictions	No Price n=144 Participants This condition will allow for many posters with no pricing information to be displayed. Many posters, no prices: No poster number restrictions, but price restrictions
Self-reported Vaping/ENDS Risk of Use	0.55 proportion of participants Interval 0.4 to 0.69	0.68 proportion of participants Interval 0.45 to 0.7	0.52 proportion of participants Interval 0.37 to 0.67

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: There is one visit in this research: This variable is assessed at that visit, within 5 minutes of the experimental manipulation

Population: Some participants opted to not respond to some items, hence the different n.

Respondents answer the following items: "Do you think you will use smokeless tobacco anytime soon?", "Do you think you will try smokeless tobacco anytime in the next year?"; and "If one of your best friends offered you smokeless tobacco, would you use it?". Responses are made on a 1 (Definitely not) to 4 (Definitely yes) scale and summed to produce a total smokeless tobacco risk scale score (range from 3 - 30). Total scale scores are dichotomized: scores of 3 are coded as '0' (no risk) and any score greater than 3 is coded as '1' (at risk). Outcome is proportion at risk of smokeless tobacco use (number of participants at risk over number of participants within condition).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Status Quo n=142 Participants This condition will allow for many posters with pricing information to be displayed. Many posters with prices: No poster number or price restrictions	Reduced Poster n=144 Participants This condition will allow for a reduced number of posters with pricing information to be displayed. Fewer posters, no price restrictions: Poster number restrictions, but no price restrictions	No Price n=144 Participants This condition will allow for many posters with no pricing information to be displayed. Many posters, no prices: No poster number restrictions, but price restrictions
Self-reported Smokeless Tobacco Use Risk	0.41 proportion of participants Interval 0.28 to 0.54	0.30 proportion of participants Interval 0.2 to 0.42	0.23 proportion of participants Interval 0.14 to 0.34

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: There is one visit in this research: This variable is assessed at that visit, within 5 minutes of the experimental manipulation

Population: Some participants opted to not complete some items, hence the different n.

Respondents answer the following items: "Do you think you will try a cigarillo/little cigar anytime soon?", "Do you think you will try a cigarillo anytime in the next year?"; and "If one of your best friends offered you a cigarillo, would you smoke it?". Responses are made on a 1 (Definitely not) to 4 (Definitely yes) scale and summed to produce a total cigarillo risk scale score (range from 3 - 30). Total scale scores are dichotomized: scores of 3 are coded as '0' (no risk) and any score greater than 3 is coded as '1' (at risk). Outcome is proportion at risk of LCC use (number of participants at risk over number of participants within condition).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Status Quo n=140 Participants This condition will allow for many posters with pricing information to be displayed. Many posters with prices: No poster number or price restrictions	Reduced Poster n=145 Participants This condition will allow for a reduced number of posters with pricing information to be displayed. Fewer posters, no price restrictions: Poster number restrictions, but no price restrictions	No Price n=143 Participants This condition will allow for many posters with no pricing information to be displayed. Many posters, no prices: No poster number restrictions, but price restrictions
Self-reported Cigarillo/Little Cigar *LCC) Use Risk	0.36 proportion of participants Interval 0.24 to 0.49	0.41 proportion of participants Interval 0.29 to 0.54	0.44 proportion of participants Interval 0.31 to 0.58

Adverse Events

Status Quo

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Reduced Poster

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

No Price

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

William Shadel

RAND

Phone: 4126832300

Email: [email protected]

Results disclosure agreements

Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
Publication restrictions are in place

Measure	Status Quo n=150 Participants This condition will allow for many posters with pricing information to be displayed. Many posters with prices: No poster number or price restrictions	Reduced Poster n=147 Participants This condition will allow for a reduced number of posters with pricing information to be displayed. Fewer posters, no price restrictions: Poster number restrictions, but no price restrictions	No Price n=148 Participants This condition will allow for many posters with no pricing information to be displayed. Many posters, no prices: No poster number restrictions, but price restrictions	Total n=445 Participants Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous	19.10 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.77 • n=149 Participants • Some participants opted to not complete some information, hence the different n.	19.16 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.81 • n=146 Participants • Some participants opted to not complete some information, hence the different n.	19.16 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.78 • n=148 Participants • Some participants opted to not complete some information, hence the different n.	19.14 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.79 • n=443 Participants • Some participants opted to not complete some information, hence the different n.
Sex/Gender, Customized Gender identity · Male	31 Participants n=149 Participants • Some participants opted to not enter demographic data.	38 Participants n=146 Participants • Some participants opted to not enter demographic data.	33 Participants n=148 Participants • Some participants opted to not enter demographic data.	102 Participants n=443 Participants • Some participants opted to not enter demographic data.
Sex/Gender, Customized Gender identity · Female	102 Participants n=149 Participants • Some participants opted to not enter demographic data.	98 Participants n=146 Participants • Some participants opted to not enter demographic data.	106 Participants n=148 Participants • Some participants opted to not enter demographic data.	306 Participants n=443 Participants • Some participants opted to not enter demographic data.
Sex/Gender, Customized Gender identity · Other than male or female	16 Participants n=149 Participants • Some participants opted to not enter demographic data.	10 Participants n=146 Participants • Some participants opted to not enter demographic data.	9 Participants n=148 Participants • Some participants opted to not enter demographic data.	35 Participants n=443 Participants • Some participants opted to not enter demographic data.
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino	12 Participants n=149 Participants • Some participants elected to not enter some demographic data.	18 Participants n=145 Participants • Some participants elected to not enter some demographic data.	11 Participants n=147 Participants • Some participants elected to not enter some demographic data.	41 Participants n=441 Participants • Some participants elected to not enter some demographic data.
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino	137 Participants n=149 Participants • Some participants elected to not enter some demographic data.	127 Participants n=145 Participants • Some participants elected to not enter some demographic data.	136 Participants n=147 Participants • Some participants elected to not enter some demographic data.	400 Participants n=441 Participants • Some participants elected to not enter some demographic data.
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	0 Participants n=149 Participants • Some participants elected to not enter some demographic data.	0 Participants n=145 Participants • Some participants elected to not enter some demographic data.	0 Participants n=147 Participants • Some participants elected to not enter some demographic data.	0 Participants n=441 Participants • Some participants elected to not enter some demographic data.
Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native	0 Participants n=148 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information	0 Participants n=146 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information	1 Participants n=148 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information	1 Participants n=442 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information
Race (NIH/OMB) Asian	51 Participants n=148 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information	55 Participants n=146 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information	51 Participants n=148 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information	157 Participants n=442 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information
Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	0 Participants n=148 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information	1 Participants n=146 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information	0 Participants n=148 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information	1 Participants n=442 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information
Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American	15 Participants n=148 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information	17 Participants n=146 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information	8 Participants n=148 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information	40 Participants n=442 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information
Race (NIH/OMB) White	72 Participants n=148 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information	66 Participants n=146 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information	75 Participants n=148 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information	213 Participants n=442 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information
Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race	8 Participants n=148 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information	7 Participants n=146 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information	10 Participants n=148 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information	25 Participants n=442 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information
Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	2 Participants n=148 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information	0 Participants n=146 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information	3 Participants n=148 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information	5 Participants n=442 Participants • Some participants opted not to provide demographic information
Region of Enrollment United States	150 Participants n=150 Participants	147 Participants n=147 Participants	148 Participants n=148 Participants	445 Participants n=445 Participants