Trial Outcomes & Findings for Does Self-efficacy Predict Outcomes Among U.S. Military Academy Cadets During Initial Entry Training? (NCT NCT05453110)
NCT ID: NCT05453110
Last Updated: 2025-11-04
Results Overview
Weight lifted for three repetitions
Recruitment status
COMPLETED
Study phase
NA
Target enrollment
903 participants
Primary outcome timeframe
Following the intervention. This event/data collection took place at a single time point immediately following the intervention, up to 30 minutes
Results posted on
2025-11-04
Participant Flow
903 new cadets consented to the study and signed informed consent forms. 18 of them were separated from the academy before data collection, and 64 were injured prior to data collection and did not take the fitness test. Of the 64 participants who were injured, 16 received the intervention but did not take the fitness test, thus we did not collect primary outcome data. This resulted in 837 who received the intervention. There were 821 participants who were included in the final analysis.
Participant milestones
| Measure |
Cautionary
The group will receive a message regarding potential risk for spine injury before the tested task.
Deadlift Form Education: The education will include information about the lumbar spine as it relates to a deadlift. The researchers will administer this education shortly prior to participants taking a strength test.
|
Reassuring
This group will receive a message regarding spine resiliency before the tested task.
Deadlift Form Education: The education will include information about the lumbar spine as it relates to a deadlift. The researchers will administer this education shortly prior to participants taking a strength test.
|
Control
This group will not receive education before the tested task.
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Overall Study
STARTED
|
269
|
283
|
285
|
|
Overall Study
COMPLETED
|
264
|
278
|
279
|
|
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
|
5
|
5
|
6
|
Reasons for withdrawal
| Measure |
Cautionary
The group will receive a message regarding potential risk for spine injury before the tested task.
Deadlift Form Education: The education will include information about the lumbar spine as it relates to a deadlift. The researchers will administer this education shortly prior to participants taking a strength test.
|
Reassuring
This group will receive a message regarding spine resiliency before the tested task.
Deadlift Form Education: The education will include information about the lumbar spine as it relates to a deadlift. The researchers will administer this education shortly prior to participants taking a strength test.
|
Control
This group will not receive education before the tested task.
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Overall Study
Received intervention but did not complete primary outcome measure
|
5
|
5
|
6
|
Baseline Characteristics
Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
Cautionary
n=293 Participants
The group will receive a message regarding potential risk for spine injury before the tested task.
Deadlift Form Education: The education will include information about the lumbar spine as it relates to a deadlift. The researchers will administer this education shortly prior to participants taking a strength test.
|
Reassuring
n=298 Participants
This group will receive a message regarding spine resiliency before the tested task.
Deadlift Form Education: The education will include information about the lumbar spine as it relates to a deadlift. The researchers will administer this education shortly prior to participants taking a strength test.
|
Control
n=312 Participants
This group will not receive education before the tested task.
|
Total
n=903 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Age, Continuous
|
18.3 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1 • n=293 Participants
|
18.2 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION .9 • n=298 Participants
|
18.3 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION .9 • n=312 Participants
|
18.3 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION .9 • n=903 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Female
|
62 Participants
n=293 Participants
|
63 Participants
n=298 Participants
|
73 Participants
n=312 Participants
|
198 Participants
n=903 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Male
|
231 Participants
n=293 Participants
|
235 Participants
n=298 Participants
|
239 Participants
n=312 Participants
|
705 Participants
n=903 Participants
|
|
Race and Ethnicity Not Collected
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
0 Participants
Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.
|
|
Weight
|
74.7 kilograms
STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.3 • n=293 Participants
|
74.3 kilograms
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.8 • n=298 Participants
|
74.1 kilograms
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.7 • n=312 Participants
|
74.4 kilograms
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.6 • n=903 Participants
|
|
Intercollegiate Athlete
|
101 Participants
n=293 Participants
|
89 Participants
n=298 Participants
|
96 Participants
n=312 Participants
|
286 Participants
n=903 Participants
|
|
Prior history of deadlift-related low back pain
|
30 Participants
n=293 Participants
|
37 Participants
n=298 Participants
|
49 Participants
n=312 Participants
|
116 Participants
n=903 Participants
|
|
Prior Military Service
|
52 Participants
n=293 Participants
|
47 Participants
n=298 Participants
|
54 Participants
n=312 Participants
|
153 Participants
n=903 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Following the intervention. This event/data collection took place at a single time point immediately following the intervention, up to 30 minutesPopulation: Includes only those who completed the primary outcome measure
Weight lifted for three repetitions
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Cautionary
n=264 Participants
The group will receive a message regarding potential risk for spine injury before the tested task.
Deadlift Form Education: The education will include information about the lumbar spine as it relates to a deadlift. The researchers will administer this education shortly prior to participants taking a strength test.
|
Reassuring
n=278 Participants
This group will receive a message regarding spine resiliency before the tested task.
Deadlift Form Education: The education will include information about the lumbar spine as it relates to a deadlift. The researchers will administer this education shortly prior to participants taking a strength test.
|
Control
n=279 Participants
This group will not receive education before the tested task.
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Maximum Deadlift Weight Lifted
|
117.2 kilograms
Standard Deviation 25.9
|
115.9 kilograms
Standard Deviation 26.6
|
119.0 kilograms
Standard Deviation 27.1
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Immediately after the interventionEase of which participants believe the back can be injured, "it is easy to injure your back". Questions based on Back Pain Attitude Questionnaire, item 6. Count reflects the number of participants who selected "true"
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Cautionary
n=264 Participants
The group will receive a message regarding potential risk for spine injury before the tested task.
Deadlift Form Education: The education will include information about the lumbar spine as it relates to a deadlift. The researchers will administer this education shortly prior to participants taking a strength test.
|
Reassuring
n=278 Participants
This group will receive a message regarding spine resiliency before the tested task.
Deadlift Form Education: The education will include information about the lumbar spine as it relates to a deadlift. The researchers will administer this education shortly prior to participants taking a strength test.
|
Control
n=279 Participants
This group will not receive education before the tested task.
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Perceived Spine Vulnerability, Q1
|
153 Participants
|
136 Participants
|
114 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Immediately after the interventionEase of which participants believe the back can be injured, "you could injure your back if you are not careful". Questions based on Back Pain Attitude Questionnaire, item 11. Count reflects the number of participants who selected "true"
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Cautionary
n=264 Participants
The group will receive a message regarding potential risk for spine injury before the tested task.
Deadlift Form Education: The education will include information about the lumbar spine as it relates to a deadlift. The researchers will administer this education shortly prior to participants taking a strength test.
|
Reassuring
n=278 Participants
This group will receive a message regarding spine resiliency before the tested task.
Deadlift Form Education: The education will include information about the lumbar spine as it relates to a deadlift. The researchers will administer this education shortly prior to participants taking a strength test.
|
Control
n=279 Participants
This group will not receive education before the tested task.
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Perceived Spine Vulnerability, Q2
|
242 Participants
|
251 Participants
|
227 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Outcome data was collected immediately following the interventionSelf-efficacy related to the deadlift was gathered by a single numeric rating scale question. Participants were asked to rate their confidence in succeeding at the deadlift event, from "not confident at all - 0" to "fully confident - 10).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Cautionary
n=264 Participants
The group will receive a message regarding potential risk for spine injury before the tested task.
Deadlift Form Education: The education will include information about the lumbar spine as it relates to a deadlift. The researchers will administer this education shortly prior to participants taking a strength test.
|
Reassuring
n=278 Participants
This group will receive a message regarding spine resiliency before the tested task.
Deadlift Form Education: The education will include information about the lumbar spine as it relates to a deadlift. The researchers will administer this education shortly prior to participants taking a strength test.
|
Control
n=279 Participants
This group will not receive education before the tested task.
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Deadlift Self-Efficacy Questionnaire
|
10 score on a scale
Interval 8.0 to 10.0
|
10 score on a scale
Interval 8.0 to 10.0
|
9 score on a scale
Interval 8.0 to 10.0
|
Adverse Events
Cautionary
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Reassuring
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Control
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Serious adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
Dr. Kelly M. Scott
Baylor University Keller Army Community Hospital Division 1 Sports Physical Therapy Fellowship
Phone: 509-595-7263
Email: [email protected]
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place