Trial Outcomes & Findings for Where's the Wif? Referent Selection and Retention (NCT NCT05443438)
NCT ID: NCT05443438
Last Updated: 2026-08-19
Results Overview
Children's choices on each trial of the task will be measured. Correct responses are those to the target (prompted) item - for referent selection, this is the item asked for in the prompt (e.g. shoe, dog)
Recruitment status
COMPLETED
Study phase
NA
Target enrollment
212 participants
Primary outcome timeframe
1 minute
Results posted on
2026-08-19
Participant Flow
Participants were recruited from Stillwater, OK and Dallas, TX
Participant milestones
| Measure |
3D-3D
All items presented in 3D form
|
3D-2D
Initial items in 3D, generalization in 2D
|
2D-3D
Initial items in 2D, generalization in 3D
|
2D-2D
Initial items in 2D, generalization in 2D
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Overall Study
STARTED
|
55
|
55
|
50
|
52
|
|
Overall Study
COMPLETED
|
53
|
51
|
48
|
49
|
|
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
|
2
|
4
|
2
|
3
|
Reasons for withdrawal
Withdrawal data not reported
Baseline Characteristics
Where's the Wif? Referent Selection and Retention
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
3D-3D
n=53 Participants
All items presented in 3D form
|
3D-2D
n=51 Participants
Initial items in 3D, generalization in 2D
|
2D-3D
n=48 Participants
Initial items in 2D, generalization in 3D
|
2D-2D
n=49 Participants
Initial items in 2D, generalization in 2D
|
Total
n=201 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Age, Continuous
|
24.4 age in months
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.29 • n=298 Participants
|
23.78 age in months
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.29 • n=102 Participants
|
24.2 age in months
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.57 • n=400 Participants
|
24.09 age in months
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.48 • n=30 Participants
|
24.12 age in months
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.41 • n=1389 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Female
|
16 Participants
n=298 Participants
|
19 Participants
n=102 Participants
|
23 Participants
n=400 Participants
|
26 Participants
n=30 Participants
|
84 Participants
n=1389 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Male
|
37 Participants
n=298 Participants
|
32 Participants
n=102 Participants
|
25 Participants
n=400 Participants
|
23 Participants
n=30 Participants
|
117 Participants
n=1389 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
|
0 Participants
n=298 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=102 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=400 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=30 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=1389 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
|
3 Participants
n=298 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=102 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=400 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=30 Participants
|
6 Participants
n=1389 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
|
0 Participants
n=298 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=102 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=400 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=30 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=1389 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
|
4 Participants
n=298 Participants
|
6 Participants
n=102 Participants
|
4 Participants
n=400 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=30 Participants
|
14 Participants
n=1389 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
|
34 Participants
n=298 Participants
|
39 Participants
n=102 Participants
|
35 Participants
n=400 Participants
|
41 Participants
n=30 Participants
|
149 Participants
n=1389 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
|
11 Participants
n=298 Participants
|
6 Participants
n=102 Participants
|
6 Participants
n=400 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=30 Participants
|
26 Participants
n=1389 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
1 Participants
n=298 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=102 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=400 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=30 Participants
|
6 Participants
n=1389 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
|
10 Participants
n=298 Participants
|
5 Participants
n=102 Participants
|
9 Participants
n=400 Participants
|
7 Participants
n=30 Participants
|
31 Participants
n=1389 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
|
43 Participants
n=298 Participants
|
46 Participants
n=102 Participants
|
38 Participants
n=400 Participants
|
41 Participants
n=30 Participants
|
168 Participants
n=1389 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
0 Participants
n=298 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=102 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=400 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=30 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=1389 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 1 minuteChildren's choices on each trial of the task will be measured. Correct responses are those to the target (prompted) item - for referent selection, this is the item asked for in the prompt (e.g. shoe, dog)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
3D-3D
n=53 Participants
All items presented in 3D form
|
3D-2D
n=51 Participants
Initial items in 3D, generalization in 2D
|
2D-3D
n=48 Participants
Initial items in 2D, generalization in 3D
|
2D-2D
n=49 Participants
Initial items in 2D, generalization in 2D
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Accuracy on Referent Selection
|
77 percent accuracy
Standard Deviation 30
|
82 percent accuracy
Standard Deviation 26
|
85 percent accuracy
Standard Deviation 18
|
84 percent accuracy
Standard Deviation 25
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 5 minutesChildren's choices on each trial of the task will be measured. Correct responses are those to the target (prompted) item - for retention, this is the item asked for in the prompt which are the correct word-object pairing for novel items previously introduced.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
3D-3D
n=53 Participants
All items presented in 3D form
|
3D-2D
n=51 Participants
Initial items in 3D, generalization in 2D
|
2D-3D
n=48 Participants
Initial items in 2D, generalization in 3D
|
2D-2D
n=49 Participants
Initial items in 2D, generalization in 2D
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Accuracy on Retention
|
32 percent accuracy
Standard Deviation 25
|
34 percent accuracy
Standard Deviation 23
|
40 percent accuracy
Standard Deviation 27
|
35 percent accuracy
Standard Deviation 24
|
Adverse Events
3D-3D
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
3D-2D
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
2D-3D
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
2D-2D
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Serious adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place