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Imaging and Biopsy of People With HIV-1 Undergoing Analytic Treatment Interruption

NCT05419024 · Status: RECRUITING · Phase: PHASE2 · Type: INTERVENTIONAL · Enrollment: 50

Last updated 2026-05-07

No results posted yet for this study

Summary

Background:

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects CD4 T cells. There is no cure for HIV. People with HIV need to take daily medications called antiretroviral therapy (ART) to control their infection. ART stops HIV from infecting cells, but HIV does not go away. Some infected cells remain. If ART is stopped, then HIV levels will rise and infect more cells.

Objective:

To compare changes in the amount of virus in blood and lymph nodes after a short treatment interruption.

Eligibility:

Adults aged 18 years or older who are undergoing ART for HIV infection.

Design:

Participants will be screened with a physical exam, including blood tests. They will be assigned to 1 of 2 groups:

One group will stay on ART. They will have 2 study visits: the first 45 days after screening, and the second 12 to 16 weeks later. They will have a PET/CT scan at each visit. A substance called a tracer will be injected into their arm. They will lie still on a table that moves through a doughnut-shaped machine. This process takes up to 2 hours.

The other group will stop ART for no more than 90 days. This group will have 3 PET/CT scans over 8 months. Once they stop ART, they will visit the clinic weekly for blood tests. After restarting ART, they will continue to visit the clinic weekly until their HIV level is safe.

All participants will have small samples of tissue taken from lymph nodes. They may also opt to provide semen samples or vaginal fluid. They may have samples taken of bone marrow or the fluid inside their spinal column.

Conditions

Interventions

OTHER

Acute Treatment Interruption

Participants randomized to ATI will halt their ART medications starting 2 weeks (more or less 3 days) after the first imaging visit. This plan will be discussed with participants during the baseline visit. Patients will be contacted 1-3 days prior to ATI initiation. ATI may be delayed or cancelled if there are new safety concerns. HIV plasma viral levels and CD4 counts will be monitored every week during the ATI phase. If a participant meets any of the ART restart criteria during the ATI phase, then they will discontinue ATI and restart ART. Participants who do not meet restart criteria will remain off ART and continue to be monitored weekly until they have been on ATI for 90 days, and then will restart ART.

Sponsors & Collaborators

  • National Cancer Institute (NCI)

    lead NIH

Principal Investigators

  • Chuen-Yen C Lau, M.D. · National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Study Design

Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
SINGLE
Model
PARALLEL

Eligibility

Min Age
18 Years
Max Age
100 Years
Sex
ALL
Healthy Volunteers
No

Timeline & Regulatory

Start
2023-01-09
Primary Completion
2026-08-01
Completion
2026-08-01

Countries

  • United States

Study Locations

More Related Trials

Entities

Diseases

Read the full study record

This page highlights key information. For complete eligibility criteria, study locations, investigator contacts, and the full protocol, visit the original record on ClinicalTrials.gov.

View NCT05419024 on ClinicalTrials.gov