Trial Outcomes & Findings for Increasing Live Donor Kidney Transplantation Through Video-based Education and Mobile Communication (NCT NCT05154773)

Participants were recruited between April 2022 and July 2023 from the transplant program, located in a safety-net hospital in Buffalo, New York. Each week, electronic records identified English-speaking adults (18 years and older) referred to the center for kidney transplantation, including those with a scheduled appointment to be evaluated, undergoing evaluation, or already waitlisted for a transplant. Patients were excluded for prior exposure to any LDKT access intervention and lack of access.

Upon completion, simple computer-generated randomization stratified participants, by self-reported race (Black or African-American vs other), with equal allocation to 2 treatment arms.

The difference in KidneyTIME condition and overall numbers (209 vs 212) is due to missing values.

Living donor inquiry to the transplant center on behalf of the participant by telephone, email, or mail within 12 months from enrollment. Each inquiry is captured for all patients as a discrete field in the electronic medical record within 12 months from enrollment. An inquiry includes any request for information or evaluation to be a living kidney donor in which the recipients' name is specified.

Developed specifically for this study as a measure of patients' knowledge about LDKT as delivered in the intervention condition. In this 12-item true-false questionnaire, total scores range from 0-12 with higher scores indicating greater LDKT-related knowledge. The scale captured different dimensions of knowledge including donor eligibility criteria, clinical outcomes, costs of the donation procedure, donor diet and medications, donor priority for transplant, and kidney paired donation.

Developed specifically for this study as a measure of patients' concerns about LDKT. Questions were drawn from existing measures in the literature. We created a 6-item scale that captured concerns about LDKT including donation costs, evaluation process, function with a single kidney, poor outcome, and surgical risk as well as one question about access to deceased-donor kidney transplantation. Items are rated on a scale of 1 to 4, with the total score range 6 - 24. Higher scores indicate greater concerns about live kidney donation (a worse outcome).

A measure of one's readiness for living-donor kidney transplantation. This 1-item scale measures the degree to which a person is ready for LDKT and is adapted from existing measures in the literature. Response options correspond to 5 stages of change based on the Transtheoretical Model and Stages of Change and are rated on a scale of 1 to 5 (minimum total value 1 and maximum total value 5) with higher scores indicating greater readiness (a better outcome).

A measure to assess LDKT access behaviors. Patients were asked if they had done any of 5 transplant-related behaviors adapted from existing measures in the literature at baseline and at 1, 6, and 12 months. Statistical comparisons are based on Fisher's exact test. Proportions indicate at least one new behavior enacted after baseline.

Number of Participants with Active Placement on Kidney Transplant Waiting List