Trial Outcomes & Findings for Research Study to Investigate How Well Semaglutide Tablets Taken Once Daily Work in East Asian People Who Are Overweight or Living With Obesity (NCT NCT05132088)

The trial was conducted at 13 sites in 2 countries as follows: Japan (9 sites) and South Korea (4 sites).

Participants were randomised in 2:1 ratio to receive 50 milligram (mg) oral semaglutide or semaglutide matching placebo once weekly. The trial had a 68-week treatment period (16 weeks of dose escalation period and 52 weeks of maintenance period) followed by a 7-week follow-up period.

Research Study to Investigate How Well Semaglutide Tablets Taken Once Daily Work in East Asian People Who Are Overweight or Living With Obesity

Percent change in body weight from baseline (week 0) to week 68 is presented. The outcome measure was evaluated based on the data from in-trial observation period. In-trial: the uninterrupted time interval from the date of randomisation (week 0) to the date of last contact with the study site.

Number of participants who achieved \>=5% weight reduction at week 68 is presented. In the reported data, 'Yes' infers the number of participants who have achieved greater than or equal to 5% weight reduction, whereas 'No' infers the number of participants who have not achieved greater than or equal to 5% weight reduction. The outcome measure was evaluated based on the data from in-trial observation period. In-trial: the uninterrupted time interval from the date of randomisation (week 0) to the date of last contact with the study site.

Number of participants who achieved \>=10% weight reduction at week 68 is presented. In the reported data, 'Yes' infers the number of participants who have achieved greater than or equal to 10% weight reduction, whereas 'No' infers the number of participants who have not achieved greater than or equal to 10% weight reduction. The outcome measure was evaluated based on the data from in-trial observation period. In-trial: the uninterrupted time interval from the date of randomisation (week 0) to the date of last contact with the study site.

The Impact of Weight on Quality of Life Clinical Trials Version (IWQOL-Lite-CT) is designed to assess the impact of changes in weight on patient's quality of life within the context of clinical trials. IWQOL-Lite-CT is a 20-item questionnaire-based instrument used to assess the impact of body weight changes on participant's overall health-related quality of life (HRQoL). All IWQOL-Lite-CT composite scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores reflecting better levels of functioning. Results for Physical Function Domain are presented in this outcome measure. The outcome measure was evaluated based on the data from in-trial observation period which is the uninterrupted time interval from the date of randomisation (week 0) to the date of last contact with the study site.

Number of participants who achieved \>=15% weight reduction at week 68 is presented. In the reported data, 'Yes' infers the number of participants who have achieved greater than or equal to 15% weight reduction, whereas 'No' infers the number of participants who have not achieved greater than or equal to 15% weight reduction. The outcome measure was evaluated based on in-trial observation period. In-trial: the uninterrupted time interval from the date of randomisation (week 0) to the date of last contact with the study site (week 75).

Number of participants who achieved \>=20% weight reduction at week 68 is presented. In the reported data, 'Yes' infers the number of participants who have achieved greater than or equal to 20% weight reduction, whereas 'No' infers the number of participants who have not achieved greater than or equal to 20% weight reduction. The outcome measure was evaluated based on in-trial observation period. In-trial: the uninterrupted time interval from the date of randomisation (week 0) to the date of last contact with the study site (week 75).

Change in BMI from baseline (week 0) to week 68 is presented. The outcome measure was evaluated based on the data from in-trial observation period. In-trial: the uninterrupted time interval from the date of randomisation (week 0) to the date of last contact with the study site (week 75).

Change in waist circumference measured according to JASSO guideline from baseline (week 0) to week 68 is presented. The outcome measure was evaluated based on the data from in-trial observation period. In-trial: the uninterrupted time interval from the date of randomisation (week 0) to the date of last contact with the study site (week 75).

Change in VFA measured by CT Scan in a subset of the japanese study population from baseline (week 0) to week 68 is presented in %. The outcome measure was evaluated based on the data from in-trial observation period. In-trial: the uninterrupted time interval from the date of randomisation (week 0) to the date of last contact with the study site (week 75).

Change in VFA measured by CT Scan in a subset of the japanese study population from baseline (week 0) to week 68 is presented in cm\^2. The outcome measure was evaluated based on the data from in-trial observation period. In-trial: the uninterrupted time interval from the date of randomisation (week 0) to the date of last contact with the study site (week 75).

Change in systolic blood pressure from baseline (week 0) to week 68 is presented. The outcome measure was evaluated based on the data from in-trial observation period. In-trial: the uninterrupted time interval from the date of randomisation (week 0) to the date of last contact with the study site (week 75).

Change in diastolic blood pressure from baseline (week 0) to week 68 is presented. The outcome measure was evaluated based on the data from in-trial observation period. In-trial: the uninterrupted time interval from the date of randomisation (week 0) to the date of last contact with the study site (week 75).

Change in glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) from baseline (week 0) to week 68 is presented. The outcome measure was evaluated based on the data from in-trial observation period. In-trial: the uninterrupted time interval from the date of randomisation (week 0) to the date of last contact with the study site (week 75).

Change in total cholesterol measured as milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) from baseline (week 0) to week 68 is presented as ratio to baseline. The outcome measure was evaluated based on the data from in-trial observation period. In-trial: the uninterrupted time interval from the date of randomisation (week 0) to the date of last contact with the study site (week 75).

Change in HDL measured as milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) from baseline (week 0) to week 68 is presented as ratio to baseline. The outcome measure was evaluated based on the data from in-trial observation period. In-trial: the uninterrupted time interval from the date of randomisation (week 0) to the date of last contact with the study site (week 75).

Change in LDL measured as milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) from baseline (week 0) to week 68 is presented as ratio to baseline. The outcome measure was evaluated based on the data from in-trial observation period. In-trial: the uninterrupted time interval from the date of randomisation (week 0) to the date of last contact with the study site (week 75).

Change in VLDL measured as milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) from baseline (week 0) to week 68 is presented as ratio to baseline. The outcome measure was evaluated based on the data from in-trial observation period. In-trial: the uninterrupted time interval from the date of randomisation (week 0) to the date of last contact with the study site (week 75).

Change in triglycerides measured as milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) from baseline (week 0) to week 68 is presented as ratio to baseline. The outcome measure was evaluated based on the data from in-trial observation period. In-trial: the uninterrupted time interval from the date of randomisation (week 0) to the date of last contact with the study site (week 75).

Change in free fatty acids measured as milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) from baseline (week 0) to week 68 is presented as ratio to baseline. The outcome measure was evaluated based on the data from in-trial observation period. In-trial: the uninterrupted time interval from the date of randomisation (week 0) to the date of last contact with the study site (week 75).

Change in hsCRP measured as milligrams per liter (mg/L) from baseline (week 0) to week 68 is presented as ratio to baseline. The outcome measure was evaluated based on the data from in-trial observation period. In-trial: the uninterrupted time interval from the date of randomisation (week 0) to the date of last contact with the study site.

An adverse event (AE) defined as any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom or disease temporally associated with the use of an investigational medicinal product (IMP), whether or not considered related to the IMP. All AEs mentioned are treatment emergent adverse events (TEAE) defined as an event with onset during the on-treatment observation period. On-treatment: the date of first trial product administration (week 0) to the date of last trial product administration (week 68) excluding potential off-treatment time intervals of more than 3 consecutive days. For the evaluation of adverse events the lag time for each on-treatment time interval is 7 weeks.

A serious adverse event (SAE) is defined as any untoward medical occurrence that at any dose results in death, or is life-threatening, or requires inpatient hospitalization or causes prolongation of existing hospitalization results in persistent or significant disability/incapacity, or may have caused a congenital anomaly/birth defect, or requires intervention to prevent permanent impairment or damage. SAE results occurred from week 0 to week 75 is presented based on the on-treatment observation, which was defined as the date of first trial product administration (week 0) to the date of last trial product administration (week 68) excluding potential off-treatment time intervals of more than 3 consecutive days. For the evaluation of adverse events the lag time for each on-treatment time interval is 7 weeks.