Trial Outcomes & Findings for SCALE-UP Utah: Community-Academic Partnership to Address COVID-19 Testing Among Utah Community Health Centers (NCT NCT04939532)
NCT ID: NCT04939532
Last Updated: 2026-02-04
Results Overview
Proportion of patients that respond to the Text Messaging intervention.
Recruitment status
COMPLETED
Study phase
NA
Target enrollment
44729 participants
Primary outcome timeframe
12 months
Results posted on
2026-02-04
Participant Flow
Participant milestones
| Measure |
Text-Messaging (TM)
Population health management intervention that analyzes electronic health record data to automatically identify participants with high risk for either infection or severe disease and proactivity reaches those participants via text message for testing needs (as advised by state and/or federal guidelines) and testing recommendation when applicable. This is a bi-directional text messaging system.
Text-Messaging (TM): Patients in the TM condition will receive HIPAA-compliant bidirectional text messages. Texts will include a brief message regarding COVID-19 risk and will screen the participants for COVID testing needs. Participants who reply "yes" to accepting testing will receive additional messages with a recommendation to be tested, testing locations/hours/phone, and an offer to receive a free at-home test mailed to their home. Patients who reply "no" will receive a text with the clinic phone number and a note to call if anything changes.
|
Text-Messaging Plus Patient Navigation (TM+PN)
Population health management intervention that includes the same bi-directional text-messaging system as Arm 1 with the addition of patient navigation (PN). PN includes real-time assistance from a community health worker to address barriers, provide motivation, and assist with logistics of COIVD testing.
Text-Messaging (TM): Patients in the TM condition will receive HIPAA-compliant bidirectional text messages. Texts will include a brief message regarding COVID-19 risk and will screen the participants for COVID testing needs. Participants who reply "yes" to accepting testing will receive messages with a recommendation to be tested, testing locations/hours/phone, and an offer to receive a free at-home test mailed to their home. Patients who reply "no" will receive a text with the clinic phone number.
PN: Patients in the PN condition, who respond "yes" to accepting testing will receive additional messages with a recommendation to be tested, testing locations/hours/phone, and an offer to receive a free at-home test. In addition they will receive a notice via text message that a Community Health Worker will contact them for patient navigation. At this time, patients will will have the option to opt-out of the phone call from the patient navigator. The Patient Navigation includes advice from navigators to address practical barriers to COVID testing such as logistics, transportation, and expenses as well as behavioral barriers such as hesitancy, fear, and uncertainty.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Overall Study
STARTED
|
22145
|
22584
|
|
Overall Study
COMPLETED
|
22145
|
22584
|
|
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
|
0
|
0
|
Reasons for withdrawal
Withdrawal data not reported
Baseline Characteristics
SCALE-UP Utah: Community-Academic Partnership to Address COVID-19 Testing Among Utah Community Health Centers
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
Text-Messaging (TM)
n=22145 Participants
Population health management intervention that analyzes electronic health record data to automatically identify participants with high risk for either infection or severe disease and proactivity reaches those participants via text message for testing needs (as advised by state and/or federal guidelines) and testing recommendation when applicable. This is a bi-directional text messaging system.
Text-Messaging (TM): Patients in the TM condition will receive HIPAA-compliant bidirectional text messages. Texts will include a brief message regarding COVID-19 risk and will screen the participants for COVID testing needs. Participants who reply "yes" to accepting testing will receive additional messages with a recommendation to be tested, testing locations/hours/phone, and an offer to receive a free at-home test mailed to their home. Patients who reply "no" will receive a text with the clinic phone number and a note to call if anything changes.
|
Text-Messaging Plus Patient Navigation (TM+PN)
n=22584 Participants
Population health management intervention that includes the same bi-directional text-messaging system as Arm 1 with the addition of patient navigation (PN). PN includes real-time assistance from a community health worker to address barriers, provide motivation, and assist with logistics of COIVD testing.
Text-Messaging (TM): Patients in the TM condition will receive HIPAA-compliant bidirectional text messages. Texts will include a brief message regarding COVID-19 risk and will screen the participants for COVID testing needs. Participants who reply "yes" to accepting testing will receive messages with a recommendation to be tested, testing locations/hours/phone, and an offer to receive a free at-home test mailed to their home. Patients who reply "no" will receive a text with the clinic phone number.
PN: Patients in the PN condition, who respond "yes" to accepting testing will receive additional messages with a recommendation to be tested, testing locations/hours/phone, and an offer to receive a free at-home test. In addition they will receive a notice via text message that a Community Health Worker will contact them for patient navigation. At this time, patients will will have the option to opt-out of the phone call from the patient navigator. The Patient Navigation includes advice from navigators to address practical barriers to COVID testing such as logistics, transportation, and expenses as well as behavioral barriers such as hesitancy, fear, and uncertainty.
|
Total
n=44729 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Age, Customized
18-29 years old
|
6997 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
6951 Participants
n=1581 Participants
|
13948 Participants
n=4626 Participants
|
|
Age, Customized
30-64 years old
|
13354 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
13713 Participants
n=1581 Participants
|
27067 Participants
n=4626 Participants
|
|
Age, Customized
65 and older
|
1794 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
1920 Participants
n=1581 Participants
|
3714 Participants
n=4626 Participants
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Female
|
12144 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
12286 Participants
n=1581 Participants
|
24430 Participants
n=4626 Participants
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Male
|
8925 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
9220 Participants
n=1581 Participants
|
18145 Participants
n=4626 Participants
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Other or unknown
|
1076 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
1078 Participants
n=1581 Participants
|
2154 Participants
n=4626 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
American Indian or Alaskan Native White
|
322 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
355 Participants
n=1581 Participants
|
677 Participants
n=4626 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Asian
|
197 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
199 Participants
n=1581 Participants
|
396 Participants
n=4626 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Black or African American
|
286 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
295 Participants
n=1581 Participants
|
581 Participants
n=4626 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander
|
186 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
199 Participants
n=1581 Participants
|
385 Participants
n=4626 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
More than one race
|
410 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
429 Participants
n=1581 Participants
|
839 Participants
n=4626 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Other Race
|
2983 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
3088 Participants
n=1581 Participants
|
6071 Participants
n=4626 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
White
|
13975 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
14296 Participants
n=1581 Participants
|
28271 Participants
n=4626 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Unknown or Not Reported
|
3786 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
3723 Participants
n=1581 Participants
|
7509 Participants
n=4626 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
|
10792 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
11135 Participants
n=1581 Participants
|
21927 Participants
n=4626 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
|
9054 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
9198 Participants
n=1581 Participants
|
18252 Participants
n=4626 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
2299 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
2251 Participants
n=1581 Participants
|
4550 Participants
n=4626 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 12 monthsPopulation: Proportion of patients that respond to the Text Messaging intervention
Proportion of patients that respond to the Text Messaging intervention.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Text-Messaging (TM)
n=22145 Participants
Population health management intervention that analyzes electronic health record data to automatically identify participants with high risk for either infection or severe disease and proactivity reaches those participants via text message for testing needs (as advised by state and/or federal guidelines) and testing recommendation when applicable. This is a bi-directional text messaging system.
Text-Messaging (TM): Patients in the TM condition will receive HIPAA-compliant bidirectional text messages. Texts will include a brief message regarding COVID-19 risk and will screen the participants for COVID testing needs. Participants who reply "yes" to accepting testing will receive additional messages with a recommendation to be tested, testing locations/hours/phone, and an offer to receive a free at-home test mailed to their home. Patients who reply "no" will receive a text with the clinic phone number and a note to call if anything changes.
|
Text-Messaging Plus Patient Navigation (TM+PN)
n=22584 Participants
Population health management intervention that includes the same bi-directional text-messaging system as Arm 1 with the addition of patient navigation (PN). PN includes real-time assistance from a community health worker to address barriers, provide motivation, and assist with logistics of COIVD testing.
Text-Messaging (TM): Patients in the TM condition will receive HIPAA-compliant bidirectional text messages. Texts will include a brief message regarding COVID-19 risk and will screen the participants for COVID testing needs. Participants who reply "yes" to accepting testing will receive messages with a recommendation to be tested, testing locations/hours/phone, and an offer to receive a free at-home test mailed to their home. Patients who reply "no" will receive a text with the clinic phone number.
PN: Patients in the PN condition, who respond "yes" to accepting testing will receive additional messages with a recommendation to be tested, testing locations/hours/phone, and an offer to receive a free at-home test. In addition they will receive a notice via text message that a Community Health Worker will contact them for patient navigation. At this time, patients will will have the option to opt-out of the phone call from the patient navigator. The Patient Navigation includes advice from navigators to address practical barriers to COVID testing such as logistics, transportation, and expenses as well as behavioral barriers such as hesitancy, fear, and uncertainty.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Reach-TM Engage
|
2594 Participants
|
2401 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 12 monthsPopulation: No participant data were collected or analyzed. Due to rapid changes in testing and eligibility policies, it was not feasible for the state health department and our partnering clinics to track eligibility and collect individualized testing data, as patients may complete their COVID-19 tests at locations that did not share records, or complete a self-test and failed to report the result to the study. Therefore, these outcomes were not measured and will not be collected in the future.
Proportion of patients tested for COVID-19 out of the total patient population. Confirmation of COVID test as indicated in patient's health record.
Outcome measures
Outcome data not reported
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 12 monthsPopulation: Proportion of patients offered Logistics Assistance Patient Navigator (PN-LA) that talk to a PN
Proportion of patients offered Logistics Assistance Patient Navigator (PN-LA) that talk to a PN
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Text-Messaging (TM)
Population health management intervention that analyzes electronic health record data to automatically identify participants with high risk for either infection or severe disease and proactivity reaches those participants via text message for testing needs (as advised by state and/or federal guidelines) and testing recommendation when applicable. This is a bi-directional text messaging system.
Text-Messaging (TM): Patients in the TM condition will receive HIPAA-compliant bidirectional text messages. Texts will include a brief message regarding COVID-19 risk and will screen the participants for COVID testing needs. Participants who reply "yes" to accepting testing will receive additional messages with a recommendation to be tested, testing locations/hours/phone, and an offer to receive a free at-home test mailed to their home. Patients who reply "no" will receive a text with the clinic phone number and a note to call if anything changes.
|
Text-Messaging Plus Patient Navigation (TM+PN)
n=470 Participants
Population health management intervention that includes the same bi-directional text-messaging system as Arm 1 with the addition of patient navigation (PN). PN includes real-time assistance from a community health worker to address barriers, provide motivation, and assist with logistics of COIVD testing.
Text-Messaging (TM): Patients in the TM condition will receive HIPAA-compliant bidirectional text messages. Texts will include a brief message regarding COVID-19 risk and will screen the participants for COVID testing needs. Participants who reply "yes" to accepting testing will receive messages with a recommendation to be tested, testing locations/hours/phone, and an offer to receive a free at-home test mailed to their home. Patients who reply "no" will receive a text with the clinic phone number.
PN: Patients in the PN condition, who respond "yes" to accepting testing will receive additional messages with a recommendation to be tested, testing locations/hours/phone, and an offer to receive a free at-home test. In addition they will receive a notice via text message that a Community Health Worker will contact them for patient navigation. At this time, patients will will have the option to opt-out of the phone call from the patient navigator. The Patient Navigation includes advice from navigators to address practical barriers to COVID testing such as logistics, transportation, and expenses as well as behavioral barriers such as hesitancy, fear, and uncertainty.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Reach PN-Engage-Logistics Assistance
|
0 Participants
|
152 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 12 monthsPopulation: Proportion of patients offered Requested Navigation Patient Navigator (PN-RN) that talk to a PN
Proportion of patients offered Requested Navigation Patient Navigator (PN-RN) that talk to a PN
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Text-Messaging (TM)
Population health management intervention that analyzes electronic health record data to automatically identify participants with high risk for either infection or severe disease and proactivity reaches those participants via text message for testing needs (as advised by state and/or federal guidelines) and testing recommendation when applicable. This is a bi-directional text messaging system.
Text-Messaging (TM): Patients in the TM condition will receive HIPAA-compliant bidirectional text messages. Texts will include a brief message regarding COVID-19 risk and will screen the participants for COVID testing needs. Participants who reply "yes" to accepting testing will receive additional messages with a recommendation to be tested, testing locations/hours/phone, and an offer to receive a free at-home test mailed to their home. Patients who reply "no" will receive a text with the clinic phone number and a note to call if anything changes.
|
Text-Messaging Plus Patient Navigation (TM+PN)
n=841 Participants
Population health management intervention that includes the same bi-directional text-messaging system as Arm 1 with the addition of patient navigation (PN). PN includes real-time assistance from a community health worker to address barriers, provide motivation, and assist with logistics of COIVD testing.
Text-Messaging (TM): Patients in the TM condition will receive HIPAA-compliant bidirectional text messages. Texts will include a brief message regarding COVID-19 risk and will screen the participants for COVID testing needs. Participants who reply "yes" to accepting testing will receive messages with a recommendation to be tested, testing locations/hours/phone, and an offer to receive a free at-home test mailed to their home. Patients who reply "no" will receive a text with the clinic phone number.
PN: Patients in the PN condition, who respond "yes" to accepting testing will receive additional messages with a recommendation to be tested, testing locations/hours/phone, and an offer to receive a free at-home test. In addition they will receive a notice via text message that a Community Health Worker will contact them for patient navigation. At this time, patients will will have the option to opt-out of the phone call from the patient navigator. The Patient Navigation includes advice from navigators to address practical barriers to COVID testing such as logistics, transportation, and expenses as well as behavioral barriers such as hesitancy, fear, and uncertainty.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Reach PN-Engage-Requested Navigation
|
0 Participants
|
56 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 12 monthsPopulation: No participant data were collected or analyzed. Due to rapid changes in testing and eligibility policies, it was not feasible for the state health department and our partnering clinics to track eligibility and collect individualized testing data, as patients may complete their COVID-19 tests at locations that did not share records, or complete a self-test and failed to report the result to the study. Therefore, these outcomes were not measured and will not be collected in the future.
Proportion of patients tested for COVID-19 out of those who meet screening criteria for testing. For each patient, we will define a separate Uptake-Eligible measurement for each week of the intervention period in which the patient either responds to a text message or contacts his/her Community Health Center to indicate the presence of symptoms or contact with someone with COVID-19 during the current week, but did not do so in the preceding week.
Outcome measures
Outcome data not reported
Adverse Events
Text-Messaging (TM)
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Text-Messaging Plus Patient Navigation (TM+PN)
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Serious adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
David Wetter
Huntsman Cancer Institute at University of Utah
Phone: 801-213-6178
Email: [email protected]
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place