Trial Outcomes & Findings for Optimizing and Standardizing 129Xe Gas Exchange MRI to Visualize Regional Therapy Response in Interstitial Lung Disease (NCT NCT04855305)

NCT ID: NCT04855305

Last Updated: 2026-08-05

Results Overview

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE2

Target enrollment

47 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

1 day (immediately after administration of hyperpolarized 129 Xenon)

Results posted on

2026-08-05

Participant Flow

Healthy volunteers as well as participants with ILD were recruited via flyers, recruitment letters, and website postings. Patients with ILD were informed about study participation by their physician or a nurse during their clinic visit. If they are interested in participating and appear to meet all inclusion criteria they were referred to the study coordinator for formal consenting.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Patients With Interstitial Lung Disease
Hyperpolarized 129Xe: Hyperpolarized 129Xe will be administered in multiple doses in volumes that are tailored to the participant's total lung capacity (TLC) followed by a breath hold of up to 15 seconds.
Healthy Volunteers
Hyperpolarized 129Xe: Hyperpolarized 129Xe will be administered in multiple doses in volumes that are tailored to the participant's total lung capacity (TLC) followed by a breath hold of up to 15 seconds.
Overall Study
STARTED
4
43
Overall Study
COMPLETED
4
42
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
0
1

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Patients With Interstitial Lung Disease
Hyperpolarized 129Xe: Hyperpolarized 129Xe will be administered in multiple doses in volumes that are tailored to the participant's total lung capacity (TLC) followed by a breath hold of up to 15 seconds.
Healthy Volunteers
Hyperpolarized 129Xe: Hyperpolarized 129Xe will be administered in multiple doses in volumes that are tailored to the participant's total lung capacity (TLC) followed by a breath hold of up to 15 seconds.
Overall Study
Physician Decision
0
1

Baseline Characteristics

Optimizing and Standardizing 129Xe Gas Exchange MRI to Visualize Regional Therapy Response in Interstitial Lung Disease

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Healthy Volunteers
n=43 Participants
Hyperpolarized 129Xe: Hyperpolarized 129Xe will be administered in multiple doses in volumes that are tailored to the participant's total lung capacity (TLC) followed by a breath hold of up to 15 seconds.
Patients With Interstitial Lung Disease
n=4 Participants
Hyperpolarized 129Xe: Hyperpolarized 129Xe will be administered in multiple doses in volumes that are tailored to the participant's total lung capacity (TLC) followed by a breath hold of up to 15 seconds.
Total
n=47 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
34.2 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.1 • n=20 Participants
56.8 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.9 • n=20 Participants
36.2 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.3 • n=40 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
19 Participants
n=20 Participants
3 Participants
n=20 Participants
22 Participants
n=40 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
24 Participants
n=20 Participants
1 Participants
n=20 Participants
25 Participants
n=40 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
4 Participants
n=20 Participants
0 Participants
n=20 Participants
4 Participants
n=40 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
39 Participants
n=20 Participants
4 Participants
n=20 Participants
43 Participants
n=40 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=20 Participants
0 Participants
n=20 Participants
0 Participants
n=40 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=20 Participants
0 Participants
n=20 Participants
0 Participants
n=40 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
6 Participants
n=20 Participants
0 Participants
n=20 Participants
6 Participants
n=40 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=20 Participants
0 Participants
n=20 Participants
0 Participants
n=40 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
0 Participants
n=20 Participants
3 Participants
n=20 Participants
3 Participants
n=40 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
35 Participants
n=20 Participants
1 Participants
n=20 Participants
36 Participants
n=40 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
2 Participants
n=20 Participants
0 Participants
n=20 Participants
2 Participants
n=40 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=20 Participants
0 Participants
n=20 Participants
0 Participants
n=40 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
43 participants
n=20 Participants
4 participants
n=20 Participants
47 participants
n=40 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 1 day (immediately after administration of hyperpolarized 129 Xenon)

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Patients With Interstitial Lung Disease
n=4 Participants
Hyperpolarized 129Xe: Hyperpolarized 129Xe will be administered in volumes that are tailored to the participant's total lung capacity (TLC) followed by a breath hold of up to 15 seconds.
Healthy Volunteers
n=41 Participants
Hyperpolarized 129Xe: Hyperpolarized 129Xe will be administered in volumes that are tailored to the participant's total lung capacity (TLC) followed by a breath hold of up to 15 seconds.
Thoracic Cavity Volume Measured in Liters
2.8 Liters (L)
Standard Deviation 0.664
3.43 Liters (L)
Standard Deviation 0.639

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 1 day (immediately after administration of hyperpolarized 129 Xenon)

The RBC/Barrier Signal Ratio is a key quantitative metric in hyperpolarized Xe MRI that measures lung function by comparing the xenon signal in red blood cells (RBCs) to the signal in the pulmonary interstitial membrane (blood-gas barrier). It directly reflects how effectively xenon transfers across the membrane into the blood, with lower ratios indicating impairment in conditions like pulmonary fibrosis. For healthy individuals, this ratio is typically around a median (1Q-3Q) of 0.51 (0.45 - 0.57), while in subjects with pulmonary fibrosis, it can be significantly lower (e.g., 0.23 (0.21-0.24)).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Patients With Interstitial Lung Disease
n=4 Participants
Hyperpolarized 129Xe: Hyperpolarized 129Xe will be administered in volumes that are tailored to the participant's total lung capacity (TLC) followed by a breath hold of up to 15 seconds.
Healthy Volunteers
n=41 Participants
Hyperpolarized 129Xe: Hyperpolarized 129Xe will be administered in volumes that are tailored to the participant's total lung capacity (TLC) followed by a breath hold of up to 15 seconds.
RBC/Barrier Signal Ratio (Unitless).
0.326 unitless RBC:Barrier signal ratio
Standard Deviation 0.0681
0.474 unitless RBC:Barrier signal ratio
Standard Deviation 0.121

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 1 day (immediately after administration of hyperpolarized 129 Xenon)

Population: The repeatability study was only conducted on the Healthy Volunteer arm. Healthy Volunteers that only completed one scan were not included as repeatability is unable to be determined.

A measure of how much maximum change in the RBC:Barrier is expected due to experimental variability. The coefficient of repeatability is calculated as 1.96 times the standard deviation observed in the RBC/barrier signal ratio.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Patients With Interstitial Lung Disease
n=23 Participants
Hyperpolarized 129Xe: Hyperpolarized 129Xe will be administered in volumes that are tailored to the participant's total lung capacity (TLC) followed by a breath hold of up to 15 seconds.
Healthy Volunteers
Hyperpolarized 129Xe: Hyperpolarized 129Xe will be administered in volumes that are tailored to the participant's total lung capacity (TLC) followed by a breath hold of up to 15 seconds.
Coefficient of Repeatability of RBC/Barrier Signal Ratio (Unitless).
0.474 coefficient of repeatability
Standard Deviation 0.12

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 1 day (immediately after administration of hyperpolarized 129 Xenon)

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Patients With Interstitial Lung Disease
n=4 Participants
Hyperpolarized 129Xe: Hyperpolarized 129Xe will be administered in volumes that are tailored to the participant's total lung capacity (TLC) followed by a breath hold of up to 15 seconds.
Healthy Volunteers
n=41 Participants
Hyperpolarized 129Xe: Hyperpolarized 129Xe will be administered in volumes that are tailored to the participant's total lung capacity (TLC) followed by a breath hold of up to 15 seconds.
Echo Time to Separate RBC and Barrier Signals by 90 Degrees (ms).
482 ms
Standard Deviation 23.6
466 ms
Standard Deviation 16.6

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 1 day (immediately after administration of hyperpolarized 129 Xenon)

The RBC/Barrier Signal Ratio is a key quantitative metric in hyperpolarized Xe MRI that measures lung function by comparing the xenon signal in red blood cells (RBCs) to the signal in the pulmonary interstitial membrane (blood-gas barrier). It directly reflects how effectively xenon transfers across the membrane into the blood, with lower ratios indicating impairment in conditions like pulmonary fibrosis. For healthy individuals, this ratio is typically around a median (1Q-3Q) of 0.51 (0.45 - 0.57), while in subjects with pulmonary fibrosis, it can be significantly lower (e.g., 0.23 (0.21-0.24)).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Patients With Interstitial Lung Disease
n=4 Participants
Hyperpolarized 129Xe: Hyperpolarized 129Xe will be administered in volumes that are tailored to the participant's total lung capacity (TLC) followed by a breath hold of up to 15 seconds.
Healthy Volunteers
n=41 Participants
Hyperpolarized 129Xe: Hyperpolarized 129Xe will be administered in volumes that are tailored to the participant's total lung capacity (TLC) followed by a breath hold of up to 15 seconds.
Population-wide RBC/Barrier Signal Ratio (Unitless).
0.326 unitless RBC:Barrier signal ratio
Standard Deviation 0.0681
0.474 unitless RBC:Barrier signal ratio
Standard Deviation 0.121

Adverse Events

Patients With Interstitial Lung Disease

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Healthy Volunteers

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Bastiaan Driehuys, Ph.D.

Duke University Medical Center

Phone: 919-684-7786

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place