Trial Outcomes & Findings for Examining Changes in Nasal IL-1 During Acute Asthma Exacerbation in Adolescents (NCT NCT04748055)

NCT ID: NCT04748055

Last Updated: 2026-06-29

Results Overview

Nasal epithelial lining fluid (NELF) is collected during a period of wellness (baseline) and daily during acute asthma exacerbation (defined by pre-specified criteria) for 5 days. This outcome is defined as the percent change from baseline in nasal IL-1β concentration during acute asthma exacerbation, calculated by comparing the peak concentration observed during the exacerbation to the baseline concentration (i.e., \[(peak value of IL-1β during exacerbation - baseline value of IL-1β)/baseline value of IL-1β\] x100). Results are summarized using the median and interquartile range.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Target enrollment

40 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Baseline and up to 5 days from the time asthma exacerbation is diagnosed (Months 1-12)

Results posted on

2026-06-29

Participant Flow

A convenience sample of adolescent and young adult patients receiving asthma specialty care in pulmonology and/or allergy clinics was enrolled at a single institution.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
All Participants
This was an observational study of adolescents and young adults with asthma
Overall Study
STARTED
40
Overall Study
COMPLETED
29
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
11

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Examining Changes in Nasal IL-1 During Acute Asthma Exacerbation in Adolescents

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
All Participants
n=40 Participants
This was an observational study of adolescents and young adults with asthma
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
37 Participants
n=9 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
3 Participants
n=9 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
0 Participants
n=9 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
19 Participants
n=9 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
21 Participants
n=9 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
2 Participants
n=9 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
1 Participants
n=9 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=9 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
20 Participants
n=9 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
14 Participants
n=9 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
3 Participants
n=9 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=9 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
1 Participants
n=9 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
39 Participants
n=9 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=9 Participants
Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)
98 percent
n=9 Participants
Interleukin-1b (IL-1b)
29.7 picograms per milliliter
n=9 Participants
Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA)
187397.6 picograms per milliliter
n=9 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and up to 5 days from the time asthma exacerbation is diagnosed (Months 1-12)

Population: The analysis population includes participants who experienced 1 or more exacerbations during the study period and for whom NELF samples were available for analysis.

Nasal epithelial lining fluid (NELF) is collected during a period of wellness (baseline) and daily during acute asthma exacerbation (defined by pre-specified criteria) for 5 days. This outcome is defined as the percent change from baseline in nasal IL-1β concentration during acute asthma exacerbation, calculated by comparing the peak concentration observed during the exacerbation to the baseline concentration (i.e., \[(peak value of IL-1β during exacerbation - baseline value of IL-1β)/baseline value of IL-1β\] x100). Results are summarized using the median and interquartile range.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
All Participants
n=26 Participants
This was an observational study of adolescents and young adults with asthma
Percentage Change From Baseline in Nasal IL-1β (pg/mL) Concentrations During Asthma Exacerbation
171.4 percentage change from baseline
Interval 71.8 to 969.1

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and up to 5 days from the time asthma exacerbation is diagnosed (Months 1-12)

Population: The analysis population for this outcome includes participants who experienced 1 or more exacerbations during the study period and for whom FEV1 data was available for analysis.

FEV1 will be measured during a period of wellness (baseline) and daily during acute asthma exacerbation defined by pre-specified criteria for 5 days. This outcome is defined as the percent change from baseline in FEV1 during acute asthma exacerbation, calculated by comparing the maximum decline in FEV1 observed during the exacerbation to the baseline FEV1 \[(max decline of FEV1 during exacerbation - baseline value of FEV1)/baseline value of FEV1\] x100).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
All Participants
n=29 Participants
This was an observational study of adolescents and young adults with asthma
Percentage Change From Baseline in Forced Expiratory Volume in the First Second (FEV1) in Liters During Asthma Exacerbation
-22.4 percentage change from baseline
Interval -28.0 to -12.6

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and up to 5 days from the time asthma exacerbation is diagnosed (Months 1-12)

Population: The analysis population includes participants who experienced 1 or more exacerbations during the study period and for whom NELF samples were available for analysis.

Nasal epithelial lining fluid (NELF) is collected during a period of wellness (baseline) and daily during acute asthma exacerbation defined by pre-specified criteria for 5 days. This outcome is defined as the percent change from baseline in nasal IL-1RA concentration during acute asthma exacerbation, calculated by comparing the peak concentration observed during the exacerbation to the baseline concentration (i.e., \[(peak value of IL-1RA during exacerbation - baseline value of IL-1RA)/baseline value of IL-1RA\] x100). Results are summarized using the median and interquartile range.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
All Participants
n=26 Participants
This was an observational study of adolescents and young adults with asthma
Percentage Change From Baseline in Nasal IL-1RA (pg/mL) Concentration During Asthma Exacerbation
74.5 percentage change from baseline
Interval 0.2 to 157.6

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and up to 5 days from the time asthma exacerbation is diagnosed (Months 1-12)

Population: The analysis population includes participants who experienced 1 or more exacerbations during the study period as well as NELF sample data and FEV1 data during exacerbations.

Assess the relationship between the asthma exacerbation-induced percentage change from baseline in NELF IL-1β concentrations and the asthma exacerbation-induced percentage change from baseline in FEV1. Pearson's correlation coefficient will be calculated to evaluate the relationship between peak percentage increase in IL-1b levels from baseline and maximum percentage decline in FEV1 from baseline during exacerbation

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
All Participants
n=26 Participants
This was an observational study of adolescents and young adults with asthma
Correlation Over Time Between Percentage Change in Nasal IL-1β Concentration From Baseline and Percentage Change in FEV1 From Baseline During Asthma Exacerbation
-0.04 correlation coefficient

Adverse Events

All Participants

Serious events: 1 serious events
Other events: 20 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
All Participants
n=40 participants at risk
This was an observational study of adolescents and young adults with asthma
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Rhabdomyolysis
2.5%
1/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
All Participants
n=40 participants at risk
This was an observational study of adolescents and young adults with asthma
Infections and infestations
Hand, foot and mouth disease
2.5%
1/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Infections and infestations
Impetigo
2.5%
1/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Wheezing
2.5%
1/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Infections and infestations
Ear infection
2.5%
1/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Foot pain
2.5%
1/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Asthma exacerbation
30.0%
12/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Worsening of asthma
12.5%
5/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Infections and infestations
Influenza
5.0%
2/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Cough
5.0%
2/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Nervous system disorders
Headache
2.5%
1/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
General disorders
Fatigue
2.5%
1/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Post-nasal drip
2.5%
1/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Seasonal allergies
2.5%
1/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Upper respiratory tract infection
5.0%
2/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Sore throat
7.5%
3/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
General disorders
Dizziness
2.5%
1/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Infections and infestations
Fever
5.0%
2/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Shortness of breath
2.5%
1/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Gastrointestinal disorders
Abdominal pain
10.0%
4/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Gastrointestinal disorders
Vomiting
7.5%
3/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Gastrointestinal disorders
Nausea
5.0%
2/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Gastrointestinal disorders
Diarrhea
5.0%
2/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Eye disorders
Conjunctivitis
2.5%
1/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Ingrown toenail
2.5%
1/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Hand fracture
2.5%
1/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Surgery to finger
2.5%
1/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Ankle sprain
2.5%
1/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Nervous system disorders
Concussion
5.0%
2/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Finger fracture
2.5%
1/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Mild bleeding with NELF collection
2.5%
1/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Infections and infestations
Cellulitis
2.5%
1/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Immune system disorders
Tonsillar hypertrophy
2.5%
1/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Leg pain
2.5%
1/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Ear and labyrinth disorders
Ear pain
2.5%
1/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Stress fracture of lower leg
2.5%
1/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Infections and infestations
Sinus infection
2.5%
1/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Gastrointestinal disorders
GI distress
2.5%
1/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Eye disorders
Eye injury
2.5%
1/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months
Infections and infestations
COVID-19
7.5%
3/40 • from enrollment until the final study visit at 12 months

Additional Information

Michelle Hernandez, MD

University of North Carolina Chapel Hill

Phone: 9199625136

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place