Trial Outcomes & Findings for Inhibitory Control Adult Weight Management (NCT NCT04747886)

NCT ID: NCT04747886

Last Updated: 2026-08-17

Results Overview

BMI will be calculated by aggregating participants' self-reported height in meters and weight in kilograms at baseline and at 3 months. Throughout the study, participants will be asked to self-report their weight through the WW (formerly Weight Watchers) online app. This data will be used to calculate change in BMI.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

34 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Baseline, 3 months

Results posted on

2026-08-17

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
WW Only
Participants will receive 3-month access to the WW digital program. WW Only: WW is a structured behavioral weight management program that focuses on diet, physical activity and mindset skills. The dietary approach is based on creating an energy deficit diet to produce weight loss while also being attentive to the quality of the calories. Specifically, the WW program assigns SmartPoints values to foods based on calories, sugar, saturated fat and protein. In addition, particular foods are assigned a points value of zero (0) to encourage a healthier eating pattern (e.g. fruits, vegetables, non-fat yogurt, fish).
WW + PolyRules!
Participants will receive 3-month access to the WW digital program and the PolyRules! app. WW + PolyRules!: In addition to WW, participants will be asked to engage in daily cognitive training using the PolyRules! app for three months. They will be instructed to start with 20-min of daily cognitive training and to progressively increase their training time to 30-min.
Overall Study
STARTED
14
20
Overall Study
COMPLETED
13
16
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
1
4

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
WW Only
Participants will receive 3-month access to the WW digital program. WW Only: WW is a structured behavioral weight management program that focuses on diet, physical activity and mindset skills. The dietary approach is based on creating an energy deficit diet to produce weight loss while also being attentive to the quality of the calories. Specifically, the WW program assigns SmartPoints values to foods based on calories, sugar, saturated fat and protein. In addition, particular foods are assigned a points value of zero (0) to encourage a healthier eating pattern (e.g. fruits, vegetables, non-fat yogurt, fish).
WW + PolyRules!
Participants will receive 3-month access to the WW digital program and the PolyRules! app. WW + PolyRules!: In addition to WW, participants will be asked to engage in daily cognitive training using the PolyRules! app for three months. They will be instructed to start with 20-min of daily cognitive training and to progressively increase their training time to 30-min.
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
1
4

Baseline Characteristics

Inhibitory Control Adult Weight Management

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
WW Only
n=13 Participants
Participants will receive 3-month access to the WW digital program. WW Only: WW is a structured behavioral weight management program that focuses on diet, physical activity and mindset skills. The dietary approach is based on creating an energy deficit diet to produce weight loss while also being attentive to the quality of the calories. Specifically, the WW program assigns SmartPoints values to foods based on calories, sugar, saturated fat and protein. In addition, particular foods are assigned a points value of zero (0) to encourage a healthier eating pattern (e.g. fruits, vegetables, non-fat yogurt, fish).
WW + PolyRules!
n=17 Participants
Participants will receive 3-month access to the WW digital program and the PolyRules! app. WW + PolyRules!: In addition to WW, participants will be asked to engage in daily cognitive training using the PolyRules! app for three months. They will be instructed to start with 20-min of daily cognitive training and to progressively increase their training time to 30-min.
Total
n=30 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=51 Participants
0 Participants
n=51 Participants
0 Participants
n=102 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
1 Participants
n=51 Participants
1 Participants
n=51 Participants
2 Participants
n=102 Participants
Age, Continuous
46.5 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.0 • n=51 Participants
51.9 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.4 • n=51 Participants
49.5 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.14 • n=102 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
10 Participants
n=51 Participants
16 Participants
n=51 Participants
26 Participants
n=102 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
3 Participants
n=51 Participants
1 Participants
n=51 Participants
4 Participants
n=102 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=51 Participants
0 Participants
n=51 Participants
0 Participants
n=102 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants
n=51 Participants
0 Participants
n=51 Participants
0 Participants
n=102 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=51 Participants
0 Participants
n=51 Participants
0 Participants
n=102 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
3 Participants
n=51 Participants
2 Participants
n=51 Participants
5 Participants
n=102 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
9 Participants
n=51 Participants
14 Participants
n=51 Participants
23 Participants
n=102 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
13 participants
n=51 Participants
17 participants
n=51 Participants
30 participants
n=102 Participants
BMI
35.1 kg/m^2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.6 • n=51 Participants
35.3 kg/m^2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.3 • n=51 Participants
35.2 kg/m^2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.3 • n=102 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 3 months

Population: WW Only included 13 participants who contributed baseline data. WW + PolyRules! included 17 participants who contributed baseline data, one participant in this group withdrew after providing baseline data but before completing the intervention and providing post-intervention data for a final analytic sample of 29.

BMI will be calculated by aggregating participants' self-reported height in meters and weight in kilograms at baseline and at 3 months. Throughout the study, participants will be asked to self-report their weight through the WW (formerly Weight Watchers) online app. This data will be used to calculate change in BMI.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
WW Only
n=13 Participants
Participants will receive 3-month access to the WW digital program. WW Only: WW is a structured behavioral weight management program that focuses on diet, physical activity and mindset skills. The dietary approach is based on creating an energy deficit diet to produce weight loss while also being attentive to the quality of the calories. Specifically, the WW program assigns SmartPoints values to foods based on calories, sugar, saturated fat and protein. In addition, particular foods are assigned a points value of zero (0) to encourage a healthier eating pattern (e.g. fruits, vegetables, non-fat yogurt, fish).
WW + PolyRules!
n=16 Participants
Participants will receive 3-month access to the WW digital program and the PolyRules! app. WW + PolyRules!: In addition to WW, participants will be asked to engage in daily cognitive training using the PolyRules! app for three months. They will be instructed to start with 20-min of daily cognitive training and to progressively increase their training time to 30-min.
BMI at Three Months
34.53 kg/m^2
Standard Deviation 6.5
34.43 kg/m^2
Standard Deviation 6.2

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From randomization to the end of treatment at 12 weeks

Population: WW Only included 13 participants who contributed baseline data. WW + PolyRules! included 17 participants who contributed baseline data, one participant in this group withdrew after providing baseline data but before completing the intervention and providing post-intervention data for a final analytic sample of 29.

The statistical association between the cumulative number of days food logs were submitted and the change in Body Mass Index (BMI). This will be analyzed using a Pearson correlation coefficient to determine the strength and direction of the relationship.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
WW Only
n=13 Participants
Participants will receive 3-month access to the WW digital program. WW Only: WW is a structured behavioral weight management program that focuses on diet, physical activity and mindset skills. The dietary approach is based on creating an energy deficit diet to produce weight loss while also being attentive to the quality of the calories. Specifically, the WW program assigns SmartPoints values to foods based on calories, sugar, saturated fat and protein. In addition, particular foods are assigned a points value of zero (0) to encourage a healthier eating pattern (e.g. fruits, vegetables, non-fat yogurt, fish).
WW + PolyRules!
n=16 Participants
Participants will receive 3-month access to the WW digital program and the PolyRules! app. WW + PolyRules!: In addition to WW, participants will be asked to engage in daily cognitive training using the PolyRules! app for three months. They will be instructed to start with 20-min of daily cognitive training and to progressively increase their training time to 30-min.
Correlation Between Dietary Logging Frequency and BMI Change.
-0.26 Spearman's rank correlation coefficient
Interval -0.73 to 0.35
-0.45 Spearman's rank correlation coefficient
Interval -0.78 to 0.05

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From baseline to end of treatment at 12 weeks.

Population: WW + PolyRules! included 17 participants who contributed baseline data, one participant in this group withdrew after providing baseline data but before completing the intervention and providing post-intervention data for a final analytic sample of 16.

The statistical association between the cumulative number of days inhibitory control training sessions were completed and the change in Body Mass Index (BMI). This will be analyzed using a Pearson correlation coefficient to determine the strength and direction of the relationship.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
WW Only
n=16 Participants
Participants will receive 3-month access to the WW digital program. WW Only: WW is a structured behavioral weight management program that focuses on diet, physical activity and mindset skills. The dietary approach is based on creating an energy deficit diet to produce weight loss while also being attentive to the quality of the calories. Specifically, the WW program assigns SmartPoints values to foods based on calories, sugar, saturated fat and protein. In addition, particular foods are assigned a points value of zero (0) to encourage a healthier eating pattern (e.g. fruits, vegetables, non-fat yogurt, fish).
WW + PolyRules!
Participants will receive 3-month access to the WW digital program and the PolyRules! app. WW + PolyRules!: In addition to WW, participants will be asked to engage in daily cognitive training using the PolyRules! app for three months. They will be instructed to start with 20-min of daily cognitive training and to progressively increase their training time to 30-min.
Correlation Between Completed Inhibitory Control Training Sessions and BMI Change.
-0.506 Spearman's rank correlation coefficient
Interval -0.776 to -0.008

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From baseline to end of treatment at 12 weeks.

Dietary self-monitoring adherence was calculated for each participant as the percentage of days they recorded a food log out of the total days in the 12-week intervention period (84 days total). This measure reports the mean percentage across all participants within each group.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
WW Only
n=13 Participants
Participants will receive 3-month access to the WW digital program. WW Only: WW is a structured behavioral weight management program that focuses on diet, physical activity and mindset skills. The dietary approach is based on creating an energy deficit diet to produce weight loss while also being attentive to the quality of the calories. Specifically, the WW program assigns SmartPoints values to foods based on calories, sugar, saturated fat and protein. In addition, particular foods are assigned a points value of zero (0) to encourage a healthier eating pattern (e.g. fruits, vegetables, non-fat yogurt, fish).
WW + PolyRules!
n=16 Participants
Participants will receive 3-month access to the WW digital program and the PolyRules! app. WW + PolyRules!: In addition to WW, participants will be asked to engage in daily cognitive training using the PolyRules! app for three months. They will be instructed to start with 20-min of daily cognitive training and to progressively increase their training time to 30-min.
Mean Percentage of Days With Dietary Self-monitoring
66 Percentage of days
Standard Deviation 33.6
65.3 Percentage of days
Standard Deviation 33.3

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From baseline to end of treatment at 12 weeks

Completion rate of weight self-monitoring is defined as the frequency of weekly body weight entries recorded. The outcome is calculated as the percentage of entries with a recorded weight out of the total number of weeks in the 12-week intervention period.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
WW Only
n=13 Participants
Participants will receive 3-month access to the WW digital program. WW Only: WW is a structured behavioral weight management program that focuses on diet, physical activity and mindset skills. The dietary approach is based on creating an energy deficit diet to produce weight loss while also being attentive to the quality of the calories. Specifically, the WW program assigns SmartPoints values to foods based on calories, sugar, saturated fat and protein. In addition, particular foods are assigned a points value of zero (0) to encourage a healthier eating pattern (e.g. fruits, vegetables, non-fat yogurt, fish).
WW + PolyRules!
n=16 Participants
Participants will receive 3-month access to the WW digital program and the PolyRules! app. WW + PolyRules!: In addition to WW, participants will be asked to engage in daily cognitive training using the PolyRules! app for three months. They will be instructed to start with 20-min of daily cognitive training and to progressively increase their training time to 30-min.
Completion Rate of Weight Self-monitoring
80.8 Percentage of weigh-ins completed
Standard Deviation 27.2
77.0 Percentage of weigh-ins completed
Standard Deviation 30.1

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From baseline to end of treatment at 12 weeks

Population: WW + PolyRules! included 17 participants who contributed baseline data, one participant in this group withdrew after providing baseline data but before completing the intervention and providing post-intervention data for a final analytic sample of 16.

Completion rate of the inhibitory control training protocol is calculated as the proportion of prescribed Inhibitory Control Training sessions successfully completed by the participant. The protocol prescribes a total of 60 30-minute training sessions over the 12-week intervention period. Adherence for each participant is calculated as the number of completed sessions divided by the total number of prescribed sessions.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
WW Only
n=16 Participants
Participants will receive 3-month access to the WW digital program. WW Only: WW is a structured behavioral weight management program that focuses on diet, physical activity and mindset skills. The dietary approach is based on creating an energy deficit diet to produce weight loss while also being attentive to the quality of the calories. Specifically, the WW program assigns SmartPoints values to foods based on calories, sugar, saturated fat and protein. In addition, particular foods are assigned a points value of zero (0) to encourage a healthier eating pattern (e.g. fruits, vegetables, non-fat yogurt, fish).
WW + PolyRules!
Participants will receive 3-month access to the WW digital program and the PolyRules! app. WW + PolyRules!: In addition to WW, participants will be asked to engage in daily cognitive training using the PolyRules! app for three months. They will be instructed to start with 20-min of daily cognitive training and to progressively increase their training time to 30-min.
Completion Rate of Inhibitory Control Training Sessions
60.4 Percentage of training session completed
Standard Deviation 32.4

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From enrollment to end of treatment at 12 weeks

Population: The analysis population consists of all participants who were successfully randomized and assigned to a study arm (N=30 total; 13 in WW Arm and 17 in WW + PR Arm). There is no discrepancy between the number of participants assigned to the arms in the Participant Flow module and the numbers accounted for in this analysis population. All randomized individuals are included in the denominator for evaluation.

Participant attrition rate is defined as the proportion of randomized participants who prematurely withdrew from the study prior to completing the final 12-week assessment. Withdrawal is defined as a participant's explicit statement of intent to discontinue the intervention and/or the remaining study assessments after randomization. This is calculated as the total number of participants who withdrew divided by the total number of participants randomized (N=30).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
WW Only
n=13 Participants
Participants will receive 3-month access to the WW digital program. WW Only: WW is a structured behavioral weight management program that focuses on diet, physical activity and mindset skills. The dietary approach is based on creating an energy deficit diet to produce weight loss while also being attentive to the quality of the calories. Specifically, the WW program assigns SmartPoints values to foods based on calories, sugar, saturated fat and protein. In addition, particular foods are assigned a points value of zero (0) to encourage a healthier eating pattern (e.g. fruits, vegetables, non-fat yogurt, fish).
WW + PolyRules!
n=17 Participants
Participants will receive 3-month access to the WW digital program and the PolyRules! app. WW + PolyRules!: In addition to WW, participants will be asked to engage in daily cognitive training using the PolyRules! app for three months. They will be instructed to start with 20-min of daily cognitive training and to progressively increase their training time to 30-min.
Participant Attrition Rate at Three Months
0 Participants
1 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From Baseline to 12 Weeks

Population: The analysis population consists of all participants who were successfully randomized and assigned to a study arm (N=30 total; 13 in WW Arm and 17 in WW + PR Arm). There is no discrepancy between the number of participants assigned to the arms in the Participant Flow module and the numbers accounted for in this analysis population. All randomized individuals are included in the denominator for evaluation.

This measure assesses retention and study feasibility by counting the total number of randomized participants who successfully completed the primary cognitive assessment at the 12-week post-randomization timepoint (N=30). Completion is defined as the successful administration and completion of the cognitive battery. Participants who withdrew consent or were lost to follow-up post-randomization are counted as non-completers. Participants who withdrew prior to randomization are excluded from this count.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
WW Only
n=13 Participants
Participants will receive 3-month access to the WW digital program. WW Only: WW is a structured behavioral weight management program that focuses on diet, physical activity and mindset skills. The dietary approach is based on creating an energy deficit diet to produce weight loss while also being attentive to the quality of the calories. Specifically, the WW program assigns SmartPoints values to foods based on calories, sugar, saturated fat and protein. In addition, particular foods are assigned a points value of zero (0) to encourage a healthier eating pattern (e.g. fruits, vegetables, non-fat yogurt, fish).
WW + PolyRules!
n=17 Participants
Participants will receive 3-month access to the WW digital program and the PolyRules! app. WW + PolyRules!: In addition to WW, participants will be asked to engage in daily cognitive training using the PolyRules! app for three months. They will be instructed to start with 20-min of daily cognitive training and to progressively increase their training time to 30-min.
Number of Participants Who Completed Timepoint Follow-ups
13 Participants
16 Participants

Adverse Events

WW Only

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

WW + PolyRules!

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Dr. Sarah-Jeanne Salvy

Cedars-Sinai Medical Center

Phone: 310-423-6423

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place