Trial Outcomes & Findings for Effectiveness and Implementation of eScreening in Post 9/11 Transition Programs (NCT NCT04506164)

Results Overview

Proportion of newly enrolled Veterans who received PTSD screening (i.e., The Primary Care PTSD Screen for DSM-5 \[PC-PTSD-5\]) during the eScreening implementation and sustainment phases compared to the screening as usual/pre-implementation phase. For this outcome, we calculated the rate of screening (i.e., the proportion of Veterans who received the screening measure versus those who did not) during each phase, and then compared the proportion of Veterans who received screening during the eScreening implementation and sustainment phases vs. screening as usual/pre-implementation phase.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

72 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

within 30 days of enrollment at the VA study site during each phase

Results posted on

2026-02-17

Participant Flow

Aim 2: Survey data was collected from 72 staff members who were enrolled in the study. This aim did not involve study groups/arms. Note: For Aim 1 deidentified patient level eScreening data from 15484 veterans was collected from the electronic medical record. Veterans did not directly participate, thus no Veterans were recruited/enrolled.

Unit of analysis: VHA Medical Center

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure	Cohort 1 Screening As Usual/Pre-Implementation (Months 1-3), Active eScreening Implementation (Months 4-12), Implementation Sustainment (Months 13-21).	Cohort 2 Screening As Usual/Pre-Implementation (Months 4-6), Active eScreening Implementation (Months 7-15), Implementation Sustainment (Months 16-24).	Cohort 3 Cohort 3: Screening As Usual/Pre-Implementation (Months 7-9), Active eScreening Implementation (Months 10-18), Implementation Sustainment (Months 19-27).	Cohort 4 Cohort 4: Screening As Usual/Pre-Implementation (Months 10-12), Active eScreening Implementation (Months 13-21), Implementation Sustainment (Months 22-30).
Pre Implementation STARTED	653 2	1261 2	984 2	1025 2
Pre Implementation Staff Participants	5 2	9 2	9 2	6 2
Pre Implementation COMPLETED	653 2	1261 2	984 2	1025 2
Pre Implementation NOT COMPLETED	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0
Implementation STARTED	1327 2	2686 2	1808 2	1431 2
Implementation Staff Participants	6 2	9 2	4 2	3 2
Implementation COMPLETED	1327 2	2686 2	1808 2	1431 2
Implementation NOT COMPLETED	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0
Sustainment STARTED	824 2	1332 2	1022 2	1131 2
Sustainment Staff Participants	4 2	8 2	8 2	1 2
Sustainment COMPLETED	824 2	1332 2	1022 2	1131 2
Sustainment NOT COMPLETED	0 0	0 0	0 0	0 0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Baseline characteristic data, including age, was not collected from the 72 staff participants.

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure	Pre Implementation n=3923 Participants Pre-implementation/Screening As Usual phase	Implementation n=7252 Participants eScreening implementation phase	Sustainment n=4309 Participants Sustainment phase	Staff n=72 Participants Staff participants	Total n=15556 Participants Total of all reporting groups
Age, Customized Mean Veteran age	34.24 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.23 • n=3923 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including age, was not collected from the 72 staff participants.	34.10 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.93 • n=7252 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including age, was not collected from the 72 staff participants.	36.48 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.60 • n=4309 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including age, was not collected from the 72 staff participants.	—	34.94 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.25 • n=15484 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including age, was not collected from the 72 staff participants.
Sex: Female, Male Female	804 Participants n=3923 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including sex, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	1465 Participants n=7252 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including sex, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	806 Participants n=4309 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including sex, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	0 Participants Baseline characteristic data, including sex, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	3075 Participants n=15484 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including sex, was not collected from the 72 staff participants
Sex: Female, Male Male	3119 Participants n=3923 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including sex, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	5787 Participants n=7252 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including sex, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	3503 Participants n=4309 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including sex, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	0 Participants Baseline characteristic data, including sex, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	12409 Participants n=15484 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including sex, was not collected from the 72 staff participants
Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native	71 Participants n=3923 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	172 Participants n=7252 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	95 Participants n=4309 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	—	338 Participants n=15484 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Asian	182 Participants n=3923 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	376 Participants n=7252 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	228 Participants n=4309 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	—	786 Participants n=15484 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	0 Participants n=3923 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	0 Participants n=7252 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	0 Participants n=4309 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	—	0 Participants n=15484 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American	642 Participants n=3923 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	1177 Participants n=7252 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	602 Participants n=4309 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	—	2421 Participants n=15484 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants
Race (NIH/OMB) White	2353 Participants n=3923 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	4351 Participants n=7252 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	2585 Participants n=4309 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	—	9289 Participants n=15484 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants
Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race	0 Participants n=3923 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	0 Participants n=7252 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	0 Participants n=4309 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	—	0 Participants n=15484 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	675 Participants n=3923 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	1176 Participants n=7252 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	799 Participants n=4309 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants	—	2650 Participants n=15484 Participants • Baseline characteristic data, including race, was not collected from the 72 staff participants
Region of Enrollment United States	3923 Participants n=3923 Participants	7252 Participants n=7252 Participants	4309 Participants n=4309 Participants	72 Participants n=72 Participants	15556 Participants n=15556 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: within 30 days of enrollment at the VA study site during each phase

Proportion of newly enrolled Veterans who received PTSD screening (i.e., The Primary Care PTSD Screen for DSM-5 \[PC-PTSD-5\]) during the eScreening implementation and sustainment phases compared to the screening as usual/pre-implementation phase. For this outcome, we calculated the rate of screening (i.e., the proportion of Veterans who received the screening measure versus those who did not) during each phase, and then compared the proportion of Veterans who received screening during the eScreening implementation and sustainment phases vs. screening as usual/pre-implementation phase.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Screening As Usual/Pre-implementation n=3923 Participants Usual screening procedures were used (i.e., verbal/interview or self-report, paper-based screening measures).	eScreening Implementation n=7252 Participants electronic screening (eScreening) was implemented using the MCIS.	Sustainment n=4309 Participants This phase immediately followed the eScreening implementation phase and did not involve any active implementation.
Compare Rate of PTSD Screening During eScreening Implementation and Sustainment vs. Screening as Usual/Pre-implementation	724 Participants	1408 Participants	893 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: within 30 days of enrollment at the VA study site during each phase

Proportion of newly enrolled Veterans who received depression screening (Patient Health Questionnaire-2; PHQ-2) during the eScreening implementation and sustainment phases compared to the screening as usual/pre-implementation phase. For this outcome, we calculated the rate of screening (i.e., the proportion of Veterans who received the screening measure versus those who did not) during each phase, and then compared the proportion of Veterans who received screening during the eScreening implementation and sustainment phases vs. screening as usual/pre-implementation phase.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Screening As Usual/Pre-implementation n=3923 Participants Usual screening procedures were used (i.e., verbal/interview or self-report, paper-based screening measures).	eScreening Implementation n=7252 Participants electronic screening (eScreening) was implemented using the MCIS.	Sustainment n=4309 Participants This phase immediately followed the eScreening implementation phase and did not involve any active implementation.
Compare Rate of Depression (PHQ-2) Screening During eScreening Implementation and Sustainment vs. Screening as Usual/Pre-implementation	744 Participants	1433 Participants	905 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: within 30 days of enrollment at the VA study site during each phase

Proportion of newly enrolled Veterans who received alcohol screening (AUDIT) during the eScreening implementation and sustainment phases compared to the screening as usual/pre-implementation phase. For this outcome, we calculated the rate of screening (i.e., the proportion of Veterans who received the screening measure versus those who did not) during each phase, and then compared the proportion of Veterans who received screening during the eScreening implementation and sustainment phases vs. screening as usual/pre-implementation phase.