Trial Outcomes & Findings for Using Technology to Reduce Youth Substance Use (NCT NCT04446910)
NCT ID: NCT04446910
Last Updated: 2026-09-01
Results Overview
Youth's percentage of treatment sessions attended as separately self-reported by youth and caregivers.
Recruitment status
COMPLETED
Study phase
NA
Target enrollment
50 participants
Primary outcome timeframe
90 days post baseline
Results posted on
2026-09-01
Participant Flow
A total of 50 participants were recruited as 25 youth-caregiver dyads. There were a total of 24 participants (or 12 dyads) in the intervention and 26 participants (or 13 dyads) in the control condition.
Participant milestones
| Measure |
SMS Text Messaging Plus
SMS text messaging intervention for a period of 90 days to encourage attendance at community-based substance use or dual diagnosis treatment appointments through treatment appointment reminders plus motivational messages
|
SMS Text Messaging
SMS text messaging intervention for a period of 90 days that included only treatment appointment reminders
|
|---|---|---|
|
Overall Study
STARTED
|
24
|
26
|
|
Overall Study
Youth
|
12
|
13
|
|
Overall Study
Caregivers
|
12
|
13
|
|
Overall Study
COMPLETED
|
24
|
26
|
|
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
|
0
|
0
|
Reasons for withdrawal
Withdrawal data not reported
Baseline Characteristics
The number analyzed for this outcome differs from overall enrollment (50 participants) because there were 25 youth-caregiver dyads enrolled in the trial. Of those dyads, 12 dyads were randomized to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention (n= 12 youth; n = 12 caregivers).
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
SMS Text Messaging Plus
n=24 Participants
SMS text messaging intervention for a period of 90 days to encourage attendance at community-based substance use or dual diagnosis treatment appointments through treatment appointment reminders plus motivational messages
|
SMS Text Messaging
n=26 Participants
SMS text messaging intervention for a period of 90 days that included only treatment appointment reminders
|
Total
n=50 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Age, Continuous
Youth Age Demographics
|
16.2 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.40 • n=12 Participants • The number analyzed for this outcome differs from overall enrollment (50 participants) because there were 25 youth-caregiver dyads enrolled in the trial. Of those dyads, 12 dyads were randomized to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention (n= 12 youth; n = 12 caregivers).
|
16.3 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.32 • n=13 Participants • The number analyzed for this outcome differs from overall enrollment (50 participants) because there were 25 youth-caregiver dyads enrolled in the trial. Of those dyads, 12 dyads were randomized to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention (n= 12 youth; n = 12 caregivers).
|
16.2 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.33 • n=25 Participants • The number analyzed for this outcome differs from overall enrollment (50 participants) because there were 25 youth-caregiver dyads enrolled in the trial. Of those dyads, 12 dyads were randomized to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention (n= 12 youth; n = 12 caregivers).
|
|
Age, Continuous
Caregiver Age Demographics
|
45.6 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.95 • n=12 Participants • The number analyzed for this outcome differs from overall enrollment (50 participants) because there were 25 youth-caregiver dyads enrolled in the trial. Of those dyads, 12 dyads were randomized to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention (n= 12 youth; n = 12 caregivers).
|
44.7 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.16 • n=13 Participants • The number analyzed for this outcome differs from overall enrollment (50 participants) because there were 25 youth-caregiver dyads enrolled in the trial. Of those dyads, 12 dyads were randomized to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention (n= 12 youth; n = 12 caregivers).
|
45.1 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.05 • n=25 Participants • The number analyzed for this outcome differs from overall enrollment (50 participants) because there were 25 youth-caregiver dyads enrolled in the trial. Of those dyads, 12 dyads were randomized to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention (n= 12 youth; n = 12 caregivers).
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Youth Sex Demographics · Female
|
4 Participants
n=12 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline sex data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
4 Participants
n=13 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline sex data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
8 Participants
n=25 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline sex data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Youth Sex Demographics · Male
|
7 Participants
n=12 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline sex data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
8 Participants
n=13 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline sex data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
15 Participants
n=25 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline sex data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Youth Sex Demographics · TransMale
|
1 Participants
n=12 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline sex data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
0 Participants
n=13 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline sex data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
1 Participants
n=25 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline sex data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Youth Sex Demographics · Declined to state
|
0 Participants
n=12 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline sex data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
1 Participants
n=13 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline sex data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
1 Participants
n=25 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline sex data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Caregiver Sex Demographics · Female
|
6 Participants
n=12 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline sex data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
10 Participants
n=13 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline sex data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
16 Participants
n=25 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline sex data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Caregiver Sex Demographics · Male
|
5 Participants
n=12 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline sex data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
3 Participants
n=13 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline sex data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
8 Participants
n=25 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline sex data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Caregiver Sex Demographics · TransMale
|
1 Participants
n=12 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline sex data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
0 Participants
n=13 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline sex data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
1 Participants
n=25 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline sex data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Caregiver Sex Demographics · Declined to state
|
0 Participants
n=12 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline sex data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
0 Participants
n=13 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline sex data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
0 Participants
n=25 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline sex data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Youth Race Demographics · American Indian or Alaska Native
|
0 Participants
n=12 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
0 Participants
n=13 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
0 Participants
n=25 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Youth Race Demographics · Asian
|
0 Participants
n=12 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
0 Participants
n=13 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
0 Participants
n=25 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Youth Race Demographics · Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
|
0 Participants
n=12 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
0 Participants
n=13 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
0 Participants
n=25 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Youth Race Demographics · Black or African American
|
5 Participants
n=12 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
6 Participants
n=13 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
11 Participants
n=25 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Youth Race Demographics · White
|
5 Participants
n=12 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
4 Participants
n=13 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
9 Participants
n=25 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Youth Race Demographics · More than one race
|
2 Participants
n=12 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
2 Participants
n=13 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
4 Participants
n=25 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Youth Race Demographics · Unknown or Not Reported
|
0 Participants
n=12 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
1 Participants
n=13 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
1 Participants
n=25 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Caregiver Race Demographics · American Indian or Alaska Native
|
1 Participants
n=12 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
0 Participants
n=13 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
1 Participants
n=25 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Caregiver Race Demographics · Asian
|
0 Participants
n=12 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
0 Participants
n=13 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
0 Participants
n=25 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Caregiver Race Demographics · Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
|
0 Participants
n=12 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
0 Participants
n=13 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
0 Participants
n=25 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Caregiver Race Demographics · Black or African American
|
5 Participants
n=12 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
6 Participants
n=13 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
11 Participants
n=25 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Caregiver Race Demographics · White
|
5 Participants
n=12 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
6 Participants
n=13 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
11 Participants
n=25 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Caregiver Race Demographics · More than one race
|
1 Participants
n=12 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
0 Participants
n=13 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
1 Participants
n=25 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Caregiver Race Demographics · Unknown or Not Reported
|
0 Participants
n=12 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
1 Participants
n=13 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
1 Participants
n=25 Participants • We tested a dyadic (youth and caregiver) intervention with a total of 12 youth-caregiver dyads (12 youth and 12 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus Intervention and 13 youth-caregiver dyads (13 youth and 13 caregivers) assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention; this resulted in a total of 50 enrolled participants. We provide baseline data on the entire youth and caregiver sample, and our outcome measures are focused on youth only (25 youth in total).
|
|
Region of Enrollment
United States
|
24 participants
n=24 Participants
|
26 participants
n=26 Participants
|
50 participants
n=50 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 90 days post baselinePopulation: A total of 25 youth-caregiver dyads (50 participants) were enrolled in the trial. Of these, 12 dyads (24 participants: 12 youth and 12 caregivers) were assigned to the SMS Text Messaging Plus intervention, and 13 dyads (26 participants: 13 youth and 13 caregivers) were assigned to the SMS Text Messaging condition. Outcomes were analyzed at the individual (participant) level and compared by condition (N = 50).
Youth's percentage of treatment sessions attended as separately self-reported by youth and caregivers.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
SMS Text Messaging Plus
n=142 sessions attended
SMS text messaging intervention for a period of 90 days to encourage attendance at community-based substance use or dual diagnosis treatment appointments through treatment appointment reminders plus motivational messages
|
SMS Text Messaging
n=157 sessions attended
SMS text messaging intervention for a period of 90 days that included only treatment appointment reminders
|
|---|---|---|
|
Treatment Attendance
|
95 percentage of sessions attended
|
96 percentage of sessions attended
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 90 days post baselinePopulation: Outcomes data were analyzed for youth participants only. Note there were missing data for 1 youth randomized to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention (Active Comparator) condition.
The Adolescent Risk Behavior Assessment (ARBA) is used to assess quantity and frequency of previous (lifetime and past 90 days) alcohol use. These data represent the number of youth who endorsed any alcohol use in the past 90 days
Outcome measures
| Measure |
SMS Text Messaging Plus
n=12 Participants
SMS text messaging intervention for a period of 90 days to encourage attendance at community-based substance use or dual diagnosis treatment appointments through treatment appointment reminders plus motivational messages
|
SMS Text Messaging
n=12 Participants
SMS text messaging intervention for a period of 90 days that included only treatment appointment reminders
|
|---|---|---|
|
Alcohol Use
|
3 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 90 days post baselineThe Adolescent Risk Behavior Assessment (ARBA) is used to assess quantity and frequency of previous (lifetime and past 90 days) cannabis and other drug use. These data represent the number of youth who endorsed any drug use in the past 90 days
Outcome measures
| Measure |
SMS Text Messaging Plus
n=12 Participants
SMS text messaging intervention for a period of 90 days to encourage attendance at community-based substance use or dual diagnosis treatment appointments through treatment appointment reminders plus motivational messages
|
SMS Text Messaging
n=11 Participants
SMS text messaging intervention for a period of 90 days that included only treatment appointment reminders
|
|---|---|---|
|
Drug Use
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 90 days post baselinePopulation: Outcome data were analyzed for the youth participants only. Note there were missing data for 1 youth randomized to the SMS Text Messaging Intervention (Active Comparator) condition.
The Adolescent Risk Behavior Assessment (ARBA) is used to assess quantity and frequency of previous (lifetime and past 90 days) cannabis and other drug use. These data represent the number of youth who endorsed any tobacco use in the past 90 days
Outcome measures
| Measure |
SMS Text Messaging Plus
n=12 Participants
SMS text messaging intervention for a period of 90 days to encourage attendance at community-based substance use or dual diagnosis treatment appointments through treatment appointment reminders plus motivational messages
|
SMS Text Messaging
n=12 Participants
SMS text messaging intervention for a period of 90 days that included only treatment appointment reminders
|
|---|---|---|
|
Tobacco Use
|
2 Participants
|
2 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 90 days post baselinePopulation: Outcome data were analyzed for the youth participants only. Please note that there were missing data for 1 youth in the SMS Text Messaging comparison group.
Treatment Status and Attendance Youth survey is used to gather detailed information about type of treatment the youth is attending.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
SMS Text Messaging Plus
n=12 Participants
SMS text messaging intervention for a period of 90 days to encourage attendance at community-based substance use or dual diagnosis treatment appointments through treatment appointment reminders plus motivational messages
|
SMS Text Messaging
n=12 Participants
SMS text messaging intervention for a period of 90 days that included only treatment appointment reminders
|
|---|---|---|
|
In Mental Health Treatment at 90 Day Follow up
|
4 Participants
|
2 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 90 days post baselinePopulation: Outcome data were analyzed for the youth participants only. Please note that there were missing data for 1 youth in the SMS Text Messaging comparison group
Treatment Status and Attendance Youth survey is used to gather detailed information about type of treatment the youth is attending.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
SMS Text Messaging Plus
n=12 Participants
SMS text messaging intervention for a period of 90 days to encourage attendance at community-based substance use or dual diagnosis treatment appointments through treatment appointment reminders plus motivational messages
|
SMS Text Messaging
n=12 Participants
SMS text messaging intervention for a period of 90 days that included only treatment appointment reminders
|
|---|---|---|
|
In Substance Use Treatment at 90 Day Follow up
|
5 Participants
|
3 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 90 days post baselinePopulation: Outcome data were analyzed for the youth participants only. Please note that there were missing data for 1 youth in the SMS Text Messaging comparison group.
Treatment Status and Attendance Youth survey is used to gather detailed information about type of treatment the youth is attending.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
SMS Text Messaging Plus
n=12 Participants
SMS text messaging intervention for a period of 90 days to encourage attendance at community-based substance use or dual diagnosis treatment appointments through treatment appointment reminders plus motivational messages
|
SMS Text Messaging
n=12 Participants
SMS text messaging intervention for a period of 90 days that included only treatment appointment reminders
|
|---|---|---|
|
In Dual Diagnosis (Mental Health and Substance Use) Treatment at 90 Day Follow up
|
3 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
Adverse Events
SMS Text Messaging Plus: Youth
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
SMS Text Messaging Plus: Caregivers
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
SMS Text Messaging: Youth
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
SMS Text Messaging: Caregivers
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Serious adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
Jannet Lara Salas
University of San Francisco, California
Phone: (415) 962-6972
Email: [email protected]
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place