Trial Outcomes & Findings for BLOCKade of Calcium Channels and Beta Adrenergic Receptors for the Treatment of Hypertension in HFpEF (NCT NCT04434664)

NCT ID: NCT04434664

Last Updated: 2026-01-30

Results Overview

The difference in home systolic blood pressure between treatments was determined using a single summary value per participant per intervention period, calculated as the mean of all available home systolic BP readings obtained during the final week of each intervention period. Home BP monitoring was performed using the same validated device model (Microlife BP 3MX1-4 WatchBP Home N), with three consecutive measurements taken in the morning and evening each day over the seven-day period.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE4

Target enrollment

50 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Measured during the last week of each of the two 4-week intervention phases

Results posted on

2026-01-30

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Amlodipine Besylate, Then Metoprolol Succinate
Drug: Amlodipine besylate, initial dose 5mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 10mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use. Drug: Metoprolol succinate. Initial dose 100mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 200mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use
Metoprolol Succinate, Then Amlodipine Besylate
Drug: Metoprolol succinate, initial dose 100mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 200mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use. Drug: Amlodipine besylate, initial dose 5mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 10mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use
First Intervention (4 weeks)
STARTED
25
25
First Intervention (4 weeks)
COMPLETED
23
22
First Intervention (4 weeks)
NOT COMPLETED
2
3
Washout (one week)
STARTED
23
22
Washout (one week)
COMPLETED
23
22
Washout (one week)
NOT COMPLETED
0
0
Second Intervention (4 weeks)
STARTED
23
22
Second Intervention (4 weeks)
COMPLETED
23
22
Second Intervention (4 weeks)
NOT COMPLETED
0
0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

BLOCKade of Calcium Channels and Beta Adrenergic Receptors for the Treatment of Hypertension in HFpEF

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Amlodipine Besylate, Then Metoprolol Succinate
n=25 Participants
Drug: Amlodipine besylate, initial dose 5mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 10mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use. Drug: Metoprolol succinate. Initial dose 100mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 200mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use
Metoprolol Succinate, Then Amlodipine Besylate
n=25 Participants
Drug: Metoprolol succinate, initial dose 100mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 200mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use. Drug: Amlodipine besylate, initial dose 5mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 10mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use
Total
n=50 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
72 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10 • n=41 Participants
73 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9 • n=1581 Participants
72 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9 • n=4626 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
13 Participants
n=41 Participants
21 Participants
n=1581 Participants
34 Participants
n=4626 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
12 Participants
n=41 Participants
4 Participants
n=1581 Participants
16 Participants
n=4626 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=41 Participants
0 Participants
n=1581 Participants
0 Participants
n=4626 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants
n=41 Participants
0 Participants
n=1581 Participants
0 Participants
n=4626 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=41 Participants
0 Participants
n=1581 Participants
0 Participants
n=4626 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
15 Participants
n=41 Participants
18 Participants
n=1581 Participants
33 Participants
n=4626 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
10 Participants
n=41 Participants
7 Participants
n=1581 Participants
17 Participants
n=4626 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=41 Participants
0 Participants
n=1581 Participants
0 Participants
n=4626 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=41 Participants
0 Participants
n=1581 Participants
0 Participants
n=4626 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
1 Participants
n=41 Participants
0 Participants
n=1581 Participants
1 Participants
n=4626 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
24 Participants
n=41 Participants
25 Participants
n=1581 Participants
49 Participants
n=4626 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=41 Participants
0 Participants
n=1581 Participants
0 Participants
n=4626 Participants
Office Systolic Blood Pressure
145 mm Hg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15 • n=41 Participants
142 mm Hg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 14 • n=1581 Participants
144 mm Hg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15 • n=4626 Participants
Office Diastolic Blood Pressure
79 mm Hg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11 • n=41 Participants
77 mm Hg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7 • n=1581 Participants
78 mm Hg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9 • n=4626 Participants
New York Heart Association Class
Class II
20 Participants
n=41 Participants
21 Participants
n=1581 Participants
41 Participants
n=4626 Participants
New York Heart Association Class
Class III
5 Participants
n=41 Participants
4 Participants
n=1581 Participants
9 Participants
n=4626 Participants
N-terminal Pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide
97 pg/mL
n=41 Participants
100 pg/mL
n=1581 Participants
97 pg/mL
n=4626 Participants
Septal E/e'
13 ratio
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4 • n=41 Participants
14 ratio
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4 • n=1581 Participants
14 ratio
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4 • n=4626 Participants
Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire
68 score
STANDARD_DEVIATION 25 • n=41 Participants
68 score
STANDARD_DEVIATION 22 • n=1581 Participants
68 score
STANDARD_DEVIATION 23 • n=4626 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Measured during the last week of each of the two 4-week intervention phases

The difference in home systolic blood pressure between treatments was determined using a single summary value per participant per intervention period, calculated as the mean of all available home systolic BP readings obtained during the final week of each intervention period. Home BP monitoring was performed using the same validated device model (Microlife BP 3MX1-4 WatchBP Home N), with three consecutive measurements taken in the morning and evening each day over the seven-day period.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Amlodipine Besylate
n=45 Participants
Amlodipine besylate, initial dose 5mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 10mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use.
Metoprolol Succinate
n=45 Participants
Metoprolol succinate. Initial dose 100mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 200mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use.
Difference in Home Systolic Blood Pressure
130.7 mm Hg
Standard Deviation 12.4
134.5 mm Hg
Standard Deviation 17.2

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Measured during the last week of each of the two 4-week intervention phases

The difference in home diastolic blood pressure between treatments was determined using a single summary value per participant per intervention period, calculated as the mean of all available home diastolic BP readings obtained during the final week of each intervention period. Home BP monitoring was performed using the same validated device model (Microlife BP 3MX1-4 WatchBP Home N), with three consecutive measurements taken in the morning and evening each day over the seven-day period.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Amlodipine Besylate
n=45 Participants
Amlodipine besylate, initial dose 5mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 10mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use.
Metoprolol Succinate
n=45 Participants
Metoprolol succinate. Initial dose 100mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 200mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use.
Difference in Home Diastolic Blood Pressure
73.5 mm Hg
Standard Deviation 7.6
74.1 mm Hg
Standard Deviation 8.4

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Measured at the end of each of the two 4-week intervention phases

Population: Two individuals did not complete their final study visit/did not provide sufficient data to calculate the final estimate

Blood pressure will be measured at rest with a validated oscillometric device (Uscom BP+/UM-211).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Amlodipine Besylate
n=43 Participants
Amlodipine besylate, initial dose 5mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 10mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use.
Metoprolol Succinate
n=43 Participants
Metoprolol succinate. Initial dose 100mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 200mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use.
Difference in Office Systolic Blood Pressure
133.4 mm Hg
Standard Deviation 32.6
135.9 mm Hg
Standard Deviation 20.8

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Measured at the end of each of the two 4-week intervention phases

Population: Two individuals did not complete their final study visit/did not provide sufficient data to calculate the final estimate

Blood pressure will be measured at rest with a validated oscillometric device (Uscom BP+/UM-211).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Amlodipine Besylate
n=43 Participants
Amlodipine besylate, initial dose 5mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 10mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use.
Metoprolol Succinate
n=43 Participants
Metoprolol succinate. Initial dose 100mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 200mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use.
Difference in Office Diastolic Blood Pressure
72.4 mm Hg
Standard Deviation 11.2
73.0 mm Hg
Standard Deviation 15.1

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Measured at the end of each of the two 4-week intervention phases

Population: Eight individuals did not complete exercise testing during at least one of their endpoint visits

We will use a supine cycle ergometer in conjunction with expired gas analysis to assess oxygen consumption (VO2) during exercise. Subjects will perform a maximal exertion-limited exercise test using a graded-exercise protocol.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Amlodipine Besylate
n=37 Participants
Amlodipine besylate, initial dose 5mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 10mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use.
Metoprolol Succinate
n=37 Participants
Metoprolol succinate. Initial dose 100mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 200mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use.
Difference in Peak Oxygen Consumption (VO2) During a Maximal Exercise Test
12.2 ml/min/kg
Standard Deviation 3.8
10.8 ml/min/kg
Standard Deviation 3.9

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Measured at the end of each of the two 4-week intervention phases

Population: One individual was unable to complete the questionnaire at one of their endpoint visits

Quality of life will be assessed with the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire. The responses are categorized under 3 subscales (symptom burden, physical limitation and quality of life) with a range of possible subscale scores from 0 to 100. The total score will be calculated as the mean of the three subscale scores. A mean score of 100 represents the least symptoms and 0 represents the worst symptoms.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Amlodipine Besylate
n=44 Participants
Amlodipine besylate, initial dose 5mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 10mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use.
Metoprolol Succinate
n=44 Participants
Metoprolol succinate. Initial dose 100mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 200mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use.
Difference in Quality of Life
67 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 22
68 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 24

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Measured at the end of each of the two 4-week intervention phases

Population: Ten individuals did not complete the necessary exercise testing and/or echocardiography during at least one endpoint visit

Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) will be calculated at rest and at peak exercise as mean arterial pressure / cardiac output. Systemic vasodilatory reserve will be measured as the percentage reduction in SVR during exercise, relative to SVR at rest (\[rest SVR - peak exercise SVR\] / rest SVR) x 100%.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Amlodipine Besylate
n=35 Participants
Amlodipine besylate, initial dose 5mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 10mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use.
Metoprolol Succinate
n=35 Participants
Metoprolol succinate. Initial dose 100mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 200mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use.
Difference in Systemic Vasodilatory Response to Exercise
20 Percentage reduction
Standard Deviation 14
25 Percentage reduction
Standard Deviation 19

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Measured at the end of each of the two 4-week intervention phases

Population: 6 individuals did not have the necessary tonometry readings captured during at least one endpoint visit

Arterial wave reflections will be assessed using radial artery pressure waveforms obtained with a high-fidelity applanation tonometer. Waveforms will be calibrated using brachial mean and diastolic blood pressure. Forward and backward pressure wave components will be derived using wave separation analysis, and arterial wave reflection magnitude will be quantified as the ratio of backward to forward pressure wave amplitudes (unitless ratio). Change from baseline will be reported.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Amlodipine Besylate
n=39 Participants
Amlodipine besylate, initial dose 5mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 10mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use.
Metoprolol Succinate
n=39 Participants
Metoprolol succinate. Initial dose 100mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 200mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use.
Difference in Arterial Wave Reflections
0.5 ratio of backward to forward waveforms
Standard Deviation 0.10
0.5 ratio of backward to forward waveforms
Standard Deviation 0.11

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Measured at the end of each of the two 4-week intervention phases

Population: Six individuals did not complete the necessary tonometry measurements during at least one endpoint visit

Large artery stiffness will be assessed by measuring carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity using arterial applanation tonometry. Pulse wave velocity will be calculated as the distance between the carotid and femoral recording sites divided by the transit time of the arterial pressure waveform.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Amlodipine Besylate
n=39 Participants
Amlodipine besylate, initial dose 5mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 10mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use.
Metoprolol Succinate
n=39 Participants
Metoprolol succinate. Initial dose 100mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 200mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use.
Difference in Large Artery Stiffness
11 m/s
Standard Deviation 5
10 m/s
Standard Deviation 5

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Measured at the end of each of the two 4-week intervention phases

Population: Three individuals did not complete the necessary echocardiographic measurements during at least one endpoint visit

We will assess the ratio of early diastolic mitral inflow velocity (E) to mitral annular tissue velocity (e'; a surrogate of LV filling pressures) on echocardiography

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Amlodipine Besylate
n=42 Participants
Amlodipine besylate, initial dose 5mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 10mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use.
Metoprolol Succinate
n=42 Participants
Metoprolol succinate. Initial dose 100mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 200mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use.
Difference in Left Ventricular Filling Pressure
14 ratio of E/e'
Standard Deviation 5
15 ratio of E/e'
Standard Deviation 5

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Measured at the end of each of the two 4-week intervention phases

Population: Twelve individuals did not have the necessary echocardiographic measurements performed during at least one study visit

Left ventricular systolic function will be assessed by global longitudinal myocardial strain measured using two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography. Strain will be calculated as the peak systolic percentage change in myocardial length from end-diastole to end-systole, expressed as a percentage.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Amlodipine Besylate
n=33 Participants
Amlodipine besylate, initial dose 5mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 10mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use.
Metoprolol Succinate
n=33 Participants
Metoprolol succinate. Initial dose 100mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 200mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use.
Difference in Myocardial Strain
-19 Percentage change in length
Standard Deviation 3
-20 Percentage change in length
Standard Deviation 2

Adverse Events

Amlodipine Besylate

Serious events: 1 serious events
Other events: 33 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Metoprolol Succinate

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 36 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
Amlodipine Besylate
n=45 participants at risk
Initial dose 5mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 10mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use.
Metoprolol Succinate
n=46 participants at risk
Initial dose 100mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 200mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use
Cardiac disorders
Syncope
2.2%
1/45 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
0.00%
0/46 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Amlodipine Besylate
n=45 participants at risk
Initial dose 5mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 10mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use.
Metoprolol Succinate
n=46 participants at risk
Initial dose 100mg (1 capsule) daily, titrated up to 200mg (2 capsules) daily for a home systolic BP ≥135 mmHg and heart rate ≥50 bpm after the first week of use
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Anemia
4.4%
2/45 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
4.3%
2/46 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
Cardiac disorders
Fatigue at rest
13.3%
6/45 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
6.5%
3/46 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
Cardiac disorders
Leg swelling
6.7%
3/45 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
2.2%
1/46 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
Nervous system disorders
Lightheadedness
4.4%
2/45 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
10.9%
5/46 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
Gastrointestinal disorders
Nausea
2.2%
1/45 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
4.3%
2/46 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Rash
2.2%
1/45 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
2.2%
1/46 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Cramping or pain
11.1%
5/45 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
13.0%
6/46 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
Nervous system disorders
Headache
4.4%
2/45 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
10.9%
5/46 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
Renal and urinary disorders
Abnormal serum calcium
6.7%
3/45 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
2.2%
1/46 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Hypoxia (spO2 90-94%) or dyspnea
4.4%
2/45 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
4.3%
2/46 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
Hepatobiliary disorders
Rising liver enzymes
4.4%
2/45 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
6.5%
3/46 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
Cardiac disorders
Chest pain
2.2%
1/45 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
4.3%
2/46 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
Gastrointestinal disorders
Loose stools
6.7%
3/45 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
6.5%
3/46 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
Cardiac disorders
Bradycardia
6.7%
3/45 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
13.0%
6/46 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
Cardiac disorders
Arrhythmia
11.1%
5/45 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
2.2%
1/46 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
Cardiac disorders
Low blood pressure
13.3%
6/45 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
6.5%
3/46 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
Cardiac disorders
High blood pressure
6.7%
3/45 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
19.6%
9/46 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
Cardiac disorders
Worsening heart failure
13.3%
6/45 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
15.2%
7/46 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
Renal and urinary disorders
Worsening kidney function
6.7%
3/45 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks
2.2%
1/46 • From enrollment until the end of follow-up, an average of 10 weeks

Additional Information

Jordana Cohen, MD, MSCE

University of Pennsylvania

Phone: 215-573-6074

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place