Modulate Cellular Stress in the Immune Cells to Reduce Rate of Symptomatic Viral Infection

Summary

To determine the efficacy of metformin in reducing the rate of symptomatic YF17D infection, and to elucidate the effects of metformin on YF17D viremia and the downstream adaptive immune response, we hereby propose a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial that is coupled with a system biology approach. We plan to recruit 44 healthy volunteers aged 21-40 years, with a Body Mass Index of 20-25 kg/m2, have no known drug allergies and are not currently receiving regular immune-modulating therapy such as metformin, NSAIDs, paracetamol, corticosteroids or statins. The age range that we propose will ensure that our volunteers are likely to be healthy and not be on long-term medication for other concurrent medical conditions. This would abrogate the confounding effect of YF17D infection enhancement by cross reactive antibodies that we have previously shown.

Informed written consent will be obtained before any physical examination is performed. All consented subjects will undergo screening which includes a full physical examination, vital signs measurement, clinical laboratory tests and urine pregnancy test (for female subjects of child-bearing potential) Eligible subjects will be randomized 1:1 to either metformin 1000mg or placebo twice daily for 7 consecutive days (Days 1-7). On Day 4, subjects will be administered one dose of YF17D before study drug dosing.

Aim 1 tests the hypothesis that prophylactic metformin reduces ER stress and thus attenuates the post-infection pro-inflammatory response for reduced rate of symptomatic outcome. The primary objective for Aim 1 is to determine the efficacy of metformin in reducing the rate of symptomatic YF17D infection using a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Aim 2 explores the effectiveness of metformin, either through its action on ER stress or other pathways that differentially regulate the expression of pro- and anti-viral host factors, in inhibiting live attenuated vaccine infection and downstream adaptive immune responses. The primary objective for Aim 2 is to elucidate the effects of metformin on YF17D viremia and the downstream adaptive immune response.

Conditions

• Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
• Viral Infection
• Yellow Fever

Interventions

DRUG

Metformin Hydrochloride

Metformin 500mg tablets are registered and licensed in Singapore. For the study, we will be sourcing the Metformin tablets from Singapore General Hospital Formulary.

DRUG

Calcium and Vitamin D

Calcium and Vitamin D tablets are registered and licensed in Singapore. For the study, we will be sourcing the Calcium and Vitamin D tablets from Singapore General Hospital Formulary.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School

  collaborator OTHER

• Singapore General Hospital

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• Jenny GH Low, MRCP (UK) · Singapore General Hospital

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Masking

DOUBLE

Model

PARALLEL

Eligibility

Min Age

21 Years

Max Age

40 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2021-10-22

Primary Completion

2023-07-31

Completion

2023-07-31

Countries

• Singapore

Study Locations