Trial Outcomes & Findings for Emotional Processes in VR Exposure Treatment for Flight Phobia (NCT NCT04213859)

Results Overview

The Flight Anxiety Situations Questionnaire (Van Grewen, Spinhoven, Van-Dyck, \& Dikstra, 1999) is a 32-item, 5-point Likert-scale (1= no anxiety to 5=overwhelming anxiety). The FAS evaluates flight-related anxiety in various situations. We used the total score of the FAS which ranges from 32 to 160 with higher values indicating more flight-related anxiety. Thus, higher values reflect worse outcomes, and lower values reflect better outcomes. The total score is obtained by summing all items.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

84 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Two weeks prior to therapy and one week after last therapy session (therapy includes 4 weekly 1-hour sessions over the course of 4 weeks)

Results posted on

2026-06-17

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure	Treatment Participants randomized to receive 4 weekly 1-hour sessions sessions of VRET (Virtual Reality Exposure Treatment). Number of participants: 42.	Waitlist Participants randomized to waitlist (did not receive treatment for 4 weeks). Number of participants: 42.
Overall Study STARTED	42	42
Overall Study COMPLETED	42	42
Overall Study NOT COMPLETED	0	0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure	Treatment n=42 Participants Participants randomized to receive 4 weekly 1-hour sessions sessions of VRET (Virtual Reality Exposure Treatment). Number of participants: 42.	Waitlist n=42 Participants Participants randomized to waitlist (did not receive treatment for 4 weeks). Number of participants: 42.	Total n=84 Participants Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous	37.01 Years STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.60 • n=42 Participants	35.52 Years STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.37 • n=42 Participants	36.26 Years STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.97 • n=84 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Female	21 Participants n=42 Participants	23 Participants n=42 Participants	44 Participants n=84 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Male	21 Participants n=42 Participants	19 Participants n=42 Participants	40 Participants n=84 Participants
Race and Ethnicity Not Collected	—	—	0 Participants Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.
Region of Enrollment Israel	42 Participants n=42 Participants	42 Participants n=42 Participants	84 Participants n=84 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Two weeks prior to therapy and one week after last therapy session (therapy includes 4 weekly 1-hour sessions over the course of 4 weeks)

The Flight Anxiety Situations Questionnaire (Van Grewen, Spinhoven, Van-Dyck, \& Dikstra, 1999) is a 32-item, 5-point Likert-scale (1= no anxiety to 5=overwhelming anxiety). The FAS evaluates flight-related anxiety in various situations. We used the total score of the FAS which ranges from 32 to 160 with higher values indicating more flight-related anxiety. Thus, higher values reflect worse outcomes, and lower values reflect better outcomes. The total score is obtained by summing all items.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Treatment n=42 Participants Participants randomized to receive 4 weekly 1-hour sessions sessions of VRET (Virtual Reality Exposure Treatment). Number of participants: 42.	Waitlist n=42 Participants Participants randomized to waitlist (did not receive treatment for 4 weeks). Number of participants: 42.
Changes in FAS (Flight Anxiety Situations Questionnaire) Scores	-19.36 Score on the scale Standard Deviation 17.47	-3.76 Score on the scale Standard Deviation 13.87

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Two weeks prior to therapy and one week after last therapy session (therapy includes 4 weekly 1-hour sessions over the course of 4 weeks).

The Flight Anxiety Modality (FAM) questionnaire (Van Grewen et al. 1999) assesses somatic and cognitive aspects of Flight Phobia. It includes 18 items that are rated using a 5-point scale (1=not at all, 5=very intensely). We used the total score of the FAM which ranges from 18 to 90, with higher values indicating more flight-related anxiety. Thus, higher values reflect worse outcomes, and lower values reflect better outcomes. The total score is obtained by summing all items.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Treatment n=42 Participants Participants randomized to receive 4 weekly 1-hour sessions sessions of VRET (Virtual Reality Exposure Treatment). Number of participants: 42.	Waitlist n=42 Participants Participants randomized to waitlist (did not receive treatment for 4 weeks). Number of participants: 42.
Changes in FAM (Flight Anxiety Modality Questionnaire) Scores	-13.03 Score on the scale Standard Deviation 13.05	-0.51 Score on the scale Standard Deviation 10.85

Adverse Events

Treatment

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Waitlist

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Prof. Idan M. Aderka

University of Haifa

Phone: +972-523403295

Email: [email protected]

Results disclosure agreements

Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
Publication restrictions are in place