The Effect of Nurse-led Motivational Interviewing Based on the Trans-theoretical Model

Summary

Older adults constitute the age group that leads the most sedentary life in society and is mostly affected by physical inactivity.

This study was conducted to determine how nurse-led Motivational Interviewing (MI) based on the Trans-Theoretical Model (TTM) affected promoting physical activity in older adults.

A randomised controlled trial. The population of this trial was composed of seniors aged between 65 and74 living in a family health center area in Yozgat, Turkey (N=1630). The study sample, estimated via power analysis (d=0.30; 1-β=0.80; α=0.05), constituted 117 older adults (Intervention Group (IG) n=58; Control Group (CG) n=59) who met the inclusion criteria. The data were gathered via a questionnaire, TTM-Scales, Physical Activity Scale for Elderly (PASE), KATZ-ADL by an independent researcher who was blinded to the study groups. A pedometer (JP-600) for each senior was used to calculate the average weekly step counts. The data were analyzed via IBM-SPSS version 23.0. Descriptive statistics, student's t-test, paired-samples t-test, Mann Whitney-U, the Wilcoxon Sign, Friedman, Pearson chi-square, and Fisher-Freeman-Halton exact tests were used to analyze the data. Cohen's d and dz formulas were used to calculate the effect sizes.

MI sessions were held every two weeks in IG. No intervention was applied in CG. Significant progress was found in the change stages of IG compared to CG. The mean of step counts was significant in favour of IG, and the effect size was d=0.641. PASE total score increased significantly in IG, and the effect size was dz=0.202.

This trial indicated that after the TTM-based MI, the change stages of the older adults improved, and their exercising behaviours promoted. In conclusion, TTM and MI are recommended to be used by the nurses toimprove healthy lifestyle behaviours in older adults, and studies to increase physical activity levels in this population should be conducted for a longer period, and studies with larger sample groups are recommended.

Conditions

• Older Adult
• Motivational Interviewing
• Physical Activity
• Nursing Caries

Interventions

BEHAVIORAL

Intervention motivational interview group

Motivational interviewing (MI) a client-centered, goal-oriented method for enhancing intrinsic motivation to change by exploring and resolving ambivalence. Motivational interviewing is underpinned by a series of principles that emphasise a collaborative therapeutic relationship in which the autonomy of the patient is respected and the patient's intrinsic resources for change are elicited by the therapist. In the present study, an effort was made to help the IG to realize the dilemmas of individuals in the precontemplation stage about exercising, and individuals in the contemplation stage to produce their own solutions. In this direction, techniques such as decision balance, importance, and trust technique were applied, thus enabling them to reveal their feelings, thoughts, and reactions regarding the benefits/harms of doing/not doing exercise. They were supported to raise awareness about the consequences and solutions of the causes.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Gazi University

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• Yeter KİTİŞ, Prof. · Gazi University

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

PREVENTION

Masking

SINGLE

Model

PARALLEL

Eligibility

Min Age

65 Years

Max Age

74 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2019-04-20

Primary Completion

2019-11-20

Completion

2019-11-20

Countries

• Turkey (Türkiye)

Study Locations