Trial Outcomes & Findings for High Intensity Interval Training In pATiEnts With Intermittent Claudication (NCT NCT04042311)

NCT ID: NCT04042311

Last Updated: 2024-11-14

Results Overview

Defined by examining the number of withdrawals related to the intervention or study procedures (i.e. patients unable to tolerate).

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

70 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

From the first to last exercise session, i.e. from week 0 to week 6.

Results posted on

2024-11-14

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
High-Intensity Interval Training
High-intensity interval training performed for 20 minutes, 3 times weekly for a period of 6 weeks at 85-100% of maximal heart rate.
Overall Study
STARTED
70
Overall Study
Participants Enrolled in Workstream 1
30
Overall Study
Participants Completing Workstream 1
15
Overall Study
Participants Enrolled in Workstream 2
40
Overall Study
Participants Completing Workstream 2
31
Overall Study
COMPLETED
46
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
24

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
High-Intensity Interval Training
High-intensity interval training performed for 20 minutes, 3 times weekly for a period of 6 weeks at 85-100% of maximal heart rate.
Overall Study
Abnormal cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) or unable to achieve a maximal test
9
Overall Study
Unable to tolerate
4
Overall Study
Concurrent illness
2
Overall Study
Adverse Event
2
Overall Study
No longer meeting inclusion criteria
2
Overall Study
No reason given
1
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
4

Baseline Characteristics

Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
High-Intensity Interval Training (Workstream 1)
n=30 Participants
High-intensity interval training performed for 20 minutes, 3 times weekly for a period of 6 weeks at 85-100% of maximal heart rate.
High-Intensity Interval Training (Workstream 2)
n=40 Participants
High-intensity interval training performed for 20 minutes, 3 times weekly for a period of 6 weeks at 85-100% of maximal heart rate
Total
n=70 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
69 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9 • n=30 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
69 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8 • n=40 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
69 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9 • n=70 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
Sex: Female, Male
Female
7 Participants
n=30 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
5 Participants
n=40 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
12 Participants
n=70 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
Sex: Female, Male
Male
23 Participants
n=30 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
35 Participants
n=40 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
58 Participants
n=70 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
Race and Ethnicity Not Collected
0 Participants
Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.
Height
168.5 cm
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.2 • n=30 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
169.1 cm
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.0 • n=40 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
168.7 cm
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.3 • n=70 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
Weight
81.6 kg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 16.2 • n=30 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
79.9 kg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.5 • n=40 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
80.6 kg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.2 • n=70 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
body mass index (BMI)
28.5 kg/m^2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.0 • n=30 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
28.0 kg/m^2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.9 • n=40 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
28.2 kg/m^2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.9 • n=70 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
Systolic blood pressure
146 mmHg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 20 • n=30 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
146 mmHg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 20 • n=40 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
146 mmHg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 19 • n=70 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
Diastolic blood pressure
79 mmHg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8 • n=30 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
81 mmHg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 13 • n=40 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
80 mmHg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11 • n=70 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
Ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) (worst leg)
0.64 Index
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.20 • n=30 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
0.63 Index
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.21 • n=40 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
0.63 Index
STANDARD_DEVIATION .21 • n=70 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
Intermittent claudication distance (ICD)
118.6 metres
STANDARD_DEVIATION 109.9 • n=30 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
130.2 metres
STANDARD_DEVIATION 88.8 • n=40 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
125.1 metres
STANDARD_DEVIATION 97.9 • n=70 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
Maximum Walking Distance (MWD)
283 metres
STANDARD_DEVIATION 190.5 • n=30 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
327.5 metres
STANDARD_DEVIATION 206.8 • n=40 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
307.9 metres
STANDARD_DEVIATION 199.6 • n=70 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
Smoking status
Current
11 Participants
n=30 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
13 Participants
n=40 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
24 Participants
n=70 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
Smoking status
Ex
17 Participants
n=30 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
22 Participants
n=40 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
39 Participants
n=70 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
Smoking status
Non-smoker
2 Participants
n=30 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
5 Participants
n=40 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
7 Participants
n=70 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
Best medical therapy (BMT)
26 Participants
n=30 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
30 Participants
n=40 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40
56 Participants
n=70 Participants • Workstream 1, n=30 Workstream 2, n=40

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: From the first to last exercise session, i.e. from week 0 to week 6.

Population: Workstream 1 = 30 participants Workstream 2 = 40 participants

Defined by examining the number of withdrawals related to the intervention or study procedures (i.e. patients unable to tolerate).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
High-Intensity Interval Training
n=70 Participants
High-intensity interval training performed for 20 minutes, 3 times weekly for a period of 6 weeks at 85-100% of maximal heart rate.
Tolerability Test - Related Withdrawals
Workstream 1 - unable to tolerate HIIT or CPEX
1 Participants
Tolerability Test - Related Withdrawals
Workstream 2 - unable to tolerate HIIT or CPEX
3 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: From study opening to completion/withdrawal of the last patient

Population: The overall number of participants analysed in the number of patients screened. Each row then represents the number of patients eligible vs. screened, the number recruited vs. eligible and the number completed vs. recruited.

Feasibility measures included the number of patients screened vs. the number eligible, the number of patients eligible vs. the number recruited and the number recruited vs. the number completed.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
High-Intensity Interval Training
n=424 Participants
High-intensity interval training performed for 20 minutes, 3 times weekly for a period of 6 weeks at 85-100% of maximal heart rate.
Feasibility Test
Workstream 1 - screened
144 participants
Feasibility Test
Workstream 1 - eligible
95 participants
Feasibility Test
Workstream 1 - recruited
30 participants
Feasibility Test
Workstream 1 - completed
15 participants
Feasibility Test
Workstream 2 - screened
280 participants
Feasibility Test
Workstream 2 - eligible
165 participants
Feasibility Test
Workstream 2 - recruited
40 participants
Feasibility Test
Workstream 2 - completed
31 participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: From the first to last exercise session, i.e. from week 0 to week 6.

Population: Includes all participants that completed the programme and the type of units is the number of HIIT intervals completed. The number analysed is the total amount of intervals completed per workstream. The count of units is the number of intervals where the required intensity was achieved.

Considers the patients ability to achieve and maintain exercise at the appropriate intensity for the duration of each session

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
High-Intensity Interval Training
n=7998 Number of HIIT intervals
High-intensity interval training performed for 20 minutes, 3 times weekly for a period of 6 weeks at 85-100% of maximal heart rate.
Tolerability Test - Achieving the Required Intensity
Workstream 1 - intervals at the required intensity
2210 Number of HIIT intervals
Tolerability Test - Achieving the Required Intensity
Workstream 2 - intervals at the required intensity
4546 Number of HIIT intervals

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: From the first to last exercise session, i.e. from week 0 to week 6.

Population: Includes all participants that completed the programme and the type of units is the number of HIIT sessions completed. The number analysed is the total amount of planned sessions per workstream. The count of units is the number of sessions that were actually attended.

Considers the number of sessions completed compared to the theoretical number.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
High-Intensity Interval Training
n=828 Number of HIIT sessions
High-intensity interval training performed for 20 minutes, 3 times weekly for a period of 6 weeks at 85-100% of maximal heart rate.
Tolerability Test - Number of Sessions Completed
Workstream 1 - HIIT sessions completed
270 Number of HIIT sessions
Tolerability Test - Number of Sessions Completed
Workstream 2 - HIIT sessions completed
551 Number of HIIT sessions

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: From the first to last exercise session, i.e. from week 0 to week 6.

Population: Includes all participants that completed the programme and the type of units is the number of HIIT intervals completed. The number analysed is the total amount of planned HIIT intervals. The count of units is the number of intervals that were actually completed.

Considers the number of HIIT intervals completed compared to the theoretical number.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
High-Intensity Interval Training
n=828 Number of HIIT intervals
High-intensity interval training performed for 20 minutes, 3 times weekly for a period of 6 weeks at 85-100% of maximal heart rate.
Tolerability Test - Number of HIIT Intervals Completed
Workstream 1 - HIIT intervals completed
234 Number of HIIT intervals
Tolerability Test - Number of HIIT Intervals Completed
Workstream 2 - HIIT intervals completed
475 Number of HIIT intervals

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From enrolment to completion of 12-week follow-up

Population: The analysed population is all patients who were recruited to the programme. Adverse events were considered at each visit and exercise session.

Defined as the occurrence of any adverse or serious adverse events related to the intervention.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
High-Intensity Interval Training
n=70 Participants
High-intensity interval training performed for 20 minutes, 3 times weekly for a period of 6 weeks at 85-100% of maximal heart rate.
Safety Events Recorded
Workstream 1
3 Events
Safety Events Recorded
Workstream 2
9 Events

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: post-intervention follow-up, i.e. week 6.

An evaluation of the acceptability of the exercise intervention assessed by patient feedback, using semi-structured interviews.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
High-Intensity Interval Training
n=23 Participants
High-intensity interval training performed for 20 minutes, 3 times weekly for a period of 6 weeks at 85-100% of maximal heart rate.
Acceptability Testing
23 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, post-intervention (week 6), then 4 weeks (week 10) and 12 weeks (week 18) post-intervention.

Population: Only patients completing the programme and providing baseline and follow-up data are included. This comprises: Post-intervention follow-up Workstream 1; n = 15/30 Workstream 2; n = 29/40 Total = 44/70. 4-week post-intervention follow-up Workstream 1; n = 12/30 Workstream 2; n = 16/40 Total = 28/70. 12-week post-intervention follow-up Workstream 1; n =11/30 Workstream 2; n = 24/40 Total = 35/70.

assessment of the distance that the patient can currently walk before having to stop due to claudication pain.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
High-Intensity Interval Training
n=44 Participants
High-intensity interval training performed for 20 minutes, 3 times weekly for a period of 6 weeks at 85-100% of maximal heart rate.
Maximum Walking Distance
Workstream 1 baseline
243.8 metres
Standard Deviation 102.2
Maximum Walking Distance
Workstream 1 Post-intervention follow-up
365.2 metres
Standard Deviation 153.6
Maximum Walking Distance
Workstream 1 - 4-week post intervention follow-up
365.4 metres
Standard Deviation 172.3
Maximum Walking Distance
Workstream 1 - 12-week post intervention follow-up
374.2 metres
Standard Deviation 233.4
Maximum Walking Distance
Workstream 2 baseline
366.5 metres
Standard Deviation 201.0
Maximum Walking Distance
Workstream 2 Post-intervention follow-up
455.0 metres
Standard Deviation 220.8
Maximum Walking Distance
Workstream 2 - 4-week post intervention follow-up
450.7 metres
Standard Deviation 242.8
Maximum Walking Distance
Workstream 2 - 12-week post intervention follow-up
448.1 metres
Standard Deviation 240.9

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, post-intervention (week 6), then 4 weeks (week 10) and 12 weeks (week 18) post-intervention.

Population: Only patients completing the programme and providing baseline and follow-up data are included. This comprises: End of programme follow-up: Workstream 1; n = 13/30 Workstream 2; n = 29/40 Total = 42/70. 4-week follow-up: Workstream 1; n = 10/30 Workstream 2; n = 16/40 Total = 26/70. 12-week follow-up: Workstream 1; n = 9/30 Workstream 2; n = 20/40 Total = 29/70.

Peak oxygen uptake assessed via cardiopulmonary exercise testing

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
High-Intensity Interval Training
n=42 Participants
High-intensity interval training performed for 20 minutes, 3 times weekly for a period of 6 weeks at 85-100% of maximal heart rate.
Peak Oxygen Uptake
Workstream 1 - baseline VO2Peak
15.4 ml/kg/min
Standard Deviation 2.8
Peak Oxygen Uptake
Workstream 1 - post-intervention follow-up VO2Peak
15.9 ml/kg/min
Standard Deviation 3.0
Peak Oxygen Uptake
Workstream 1 - 4-week post-intervention follow-up VO2Peak
15.8 ml/kg/min
Standard Deviation 2.3
Peak Oxygen Uptake
Workstream 1 - 12-week post-intervention follow-up VO2Peak
15.3 ml/kg/min
Standard Deviation 3.1
Peak Oxygen Uptake
Workstream 2 - baseline VO2Peak
16.4 ml/kg/min
Standard Deviation 3.9
Peak Oxygen Uptake
Workstream 2 - post-intervention follow-up VO2Peak
17.1 ml/kg/min
Standard Deviation 4.3
Peak Oxygen Uptake
Workstream 2 - 4-week post-intervention follow-up VO2Peak
16.9 ml/kg/min
Standard Deviation 4.6
Peak Oxygen Uptake
Workstream 2 - 12-week post-intervention follow-up VO2Peak
17.8 ml/kg/min
Standard Deviation 4.1

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-intervention (week 6)

Population: Only patients completing the programme and providing baseline and follow-up data are included. This comprises: Workstream 1; n = 15/30 Workstream 2; n = 30/40 Total = 45/70.

Patient reported quality of life using the SF-36 SF-36 is a 36-Item Short Form Health Survey questionnaire. It consists of eight scaled scores, which are the weighted sums of the questions in their section. Each scale is directly transformed into a 0-100 scale on the assumption that each question carries equal weight. The lower the score the more disability. The higher the score the less disability.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
High-Intensity Interval Training
n=45 Participants
High-intensity interval training performed for 20 minutes, 3 times weekly for a period of 6 weeks at 85-100% of maximal heart rate.
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 baseline role physical
52.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 26.9
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 baseline physical functioning
50.1 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 18.2
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 follow-up physical functioning
54.7 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 20.2
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 follow-up role physical
55.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 27.7
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 baseline pain
47.9 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 13.9
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 follow-up pain
50.0 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 22.6
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 baseline general health
46.6 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 19.9
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 follow-up general health
52.7 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 20.8
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 baseline vitality
41.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 15.2
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 follow-up vitality
50.9 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 17.4
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 baseline social functioning
76.8 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 26.3
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 follow-up social functioning
76.8 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 27.2
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 baseline role emotional
73.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 30.2
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 follow-up role emotional
80.0 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 25.2
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 baseline mental health
68.6 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 17.7
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 follow-up mental health
73.6 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 17.8
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 baseline PCS
37.8 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.6
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 follow-up PCS
39.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.3
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 baseline MCS
49.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 9.9
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 follow-up MCS
51.9 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 9.4
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 baseline physical functioning
53.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 19.2
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 follow-up physical functioning
56.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 19.1
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 baseline role physical
52.9 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 23.9
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 follow-up role physical
60.8 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 24.7
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 baseline pain
47.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 19.9
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 follow-up pain
54.1 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 22.6
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 baseline general health
54.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 21.2
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 follow-up general health
54.8 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 19.3
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 baseline vitality
53.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 17.8
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 follow-up vitality
55.8 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 19.3
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 baseline social functioning
77.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 24.7
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 follow-up social functioning
75.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 27.9
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 baseline role emotional
73.1 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 25.2
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 follow-up role emotional
75.6 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 25.3
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 baseline mental health
76.7 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 14.5
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 follow-up mental health
76.7 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 19.8
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 baseline PCS
38.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.0
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 follow-up PCS
40.7 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.3
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 baseline MCS
52.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 8.8
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 follow-up MCS
52 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 10.4

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and post-intervention (week 6) follow-up

Population: Only patients completing the programme and providing baseline and follow-up data are included. This comprises: Workstream 1; n = 15/30 Workstream 2; n = 30/40 Total = 45/70.

VascuQoL includes 25 items subdivided into 5 domains and a sum score is also calculated by dividing the total score by 25. Each domain and the total score range from 1 to 7 with 1 representing the worst score and 7 the best.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
High-Intensity Interval Training
n=45 Participants
High-intensity interval training performed for 20 minutes, 3 times weekly for a period of 6 weeks at 85-100% of maximal heart rate.
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 1 baseline pain score
4.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.3
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 1 follow-up pain score
4.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.5
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 1 baseline social score
5.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.7
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 1 follow-up social score
5.7 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.0
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 1 baseline activities score
4.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.2
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 1 follow-up activities score
4.6 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.0
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 1 baseline symptom score
5.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.6
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 1 follow-up symptom score
5.8 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.6
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 1 baseline emotional score
5.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.6
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 1 follow-up emotional score
5.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.4
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 1 baseline total score
4.9 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.1
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 1 follow-up total score
5.1 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.0
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 2 baseline pain score
3.7 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.2
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 2 follow-up pain score
4.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.1
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 2 baseline social score
5.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.7
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 2 follow-up social score
5.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.8
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 2 baseline activities score
4.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.2
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 2 follow-up activities score
4.7 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.2
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 2 baseline symptom score
4.9 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.3
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 2 follow-up symptom score
5.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.0
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 2 baseline emotional score
5.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.3
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 2 follow-up emotional score
5.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.4
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 2 baseline total score
4.6 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.1
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 2 follow-up total score
5.0 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.1

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, post-intervention (week 6), then 4 weeks (week 10) and 12 weeks (week 18) post-intervention.

Population: Only patients completing the programme and providing baseline and follow-up data are included. This comprises: Post-intervention follow-up Workstream 1; n = 15/30 Workstream 2; n = 30/40 Total = 44/70. 4-week post-intervention follow-up Workstream 1; n = 12/30 Workstream 2; n = 16/40 Total = 28/70. 12-week post-intervention follow-up Workstream 1; n =11/30 Workstream 2; n = 24/40 Total = 35/70.

The index or ratio of the pressure in the ankle compared with the arm.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
High-Intensity Interval Training
n=45 Participants
High-intensity interval training performed for 20 minutes, 3 times weekly for a period of 6 weeks at 85-100% of maximal heart rate.
Ankle-Brachial Pressure Index
Workstream 1 baseline
0.76 Index
Standard Deviation 0.22
Ankle-Brachial Pressure Index
Workstream 1 post- intervention follow-up
0.78 Index
Standard Deviation 0.19
Ankle-Brachial Pressure Index
Workstream 1 - 4-week post-intervention follow-up
0.74 Index
Standard Deviation 0.20
Ankle-Brachial Pressure Index
Workstream 1 - 12-week post-intervention follow-up
0.80 Index
Standard Deviation 0.20
Ankle-Brachial Pressure Index
Workstream 2 baseline
0.74 Index
Standard Deviation 0.19
Ankle-Brachial Pressure Index
Workstream 2 post-intervention follow-up
0.76 Index
Standard Deviation 0.14
Ankle-Brachial Pressure Index
Workstream 2 - 4-week post-intervention follow-up
0.78 Index
Standard Deviation 0.12
Ankle-Brachial Pressure Index
Workstream 2 - 12-week post-intervention follow-up
0.74 Index
Standard Deviation 0.14

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, post-intervention (week 6), then 4 weeks (week 10) and 12 weeks (week 18) post-intervention.

Population: Only patients completing the programme and providing baseline and follow-up data are included. This comprises: End of programme follow-up: Workstream 1; n = 13/30 Workstream 2; n = 29/40 Total = 42/70. 4-week follow-up: Workstream 1; n = 10/30 Workstream 2; n = 16/40 Total = 26/70. 12-week follow-up: Workstream 1; n = 9/30 Workstream 2; n = 20/40 Total = 29/70.

Peak power output assessed via CPET

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
High-Intensity Interval Training
n=42 Participants
High-intensity interval training performed for 20 minutes, 3 times weekly for a period of 6 weeks at 85-100% of maximal heart rate.
Peak Power Output
Workstream 1 - baseline peak power output
94.9 Watts
Standard Deviation 26.1
Peak Power Output
Workstream - 1 post-intervention peak power output
103.7 Watts
Standard Deviation 30.4
Peak Power Output
Workstream 1 - 4-weeks post-intervention follow-up peak power output
98.7 Watts
Standard Deviation 23.4
Peak Power Output
Workstream 1 - 12-week post-intervention follow-up peak power output
102.7 Watts
Standard Deviation 30.8
Peak Power Output
Workstream 2 - baseline peak power output
101.6 Watts
Standard Deviation 39.4
Peak Power Output
Workstream 2 - post-intervention follow-up peak power output
106.0 Watts
Standard Deviation 43.0
Peak Power Output
Workstream 2 - 4-weeks post-intervention follow-up peak power output
112.0 Watts
Standard Deviation 44.5
Peak Power Output
Workstream 2 - 12-weeks post-intervention follow-up peak power output
114.1 Watts
Standard Deviation 45.5

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, post-intervention (week 6), then 4 weeks (week 10) and 12 weeks (week 18) post-intervention.

Population: Only patients completing the programme and providing baseline and follow-up data are included. This comprises: Post-intervention follow-up Workstream 1; n = 15/30 Workstream 2; n = 30/40 Total = 45/70. 4-week post-intervention follow-up Workstream 1; n = 12/30 Workstream 2; n = 16/40 Total = 28/70. 12-week post-intervention follow-up Workstream 1; n =11/30 Workstream 2; n = 24/40 Total = 35/70.

assessment of the distance that the patient can currently walk before experiencing claudication pain.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
High-Intensity Interval Training
n=45 Participants
High-intensity interval training performed for 20 minutes, 3 times weekly for a period of 6 weeks at 85-100% of maximal heart rate.
Pain-free Walking Distance
Workstream 1 baseline
114.1 metres
Standard Deviation 75.4
Pain-free Walking Distance
Workstream 1 Post-intervention follow-up
141.3 metres
Standard Deviation 62.4
Pain-free Walking Distance
Workstream 1 - 4-week post intervention follow-up
172.4 metres
Standard Deviation 103.5
Pain-free Walking Distance
Workstream 1 - 12-week post intervention follow-up
216.3 metres
Standard Deviation 163.2
Pain-free Walking Distance
Workstream 2 baseline
142.5 metres
Standard Deviation 95.5
Pain-free Walking Distance
Workstream 2 Post-intervention follow-up
218.6 metres
Standard Deviation 166.6
Pain-free Walking Distance
Workstream 2 - 4-week post intervention follow-up
212.7 metres
Standard Deviation 173.8
Pain-free Walking Distance
Workstream 2 - 12-week post intervention follow-up
276.0 metres
Standard Deviation 214.7

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, post-intervention (week 6), then 4 weeks (week 10) and 12 weeks (week 18) post-intervention.

Population: Only patients completing the programme and providing baseline and follow-up data are included. This comprises: End of programme follow-up: Workstream 1; n = 13/30 Workstream 2; n = 29/40 Total = 42/70. 4-week follow-up: Workstream 1; n = 10/30 Workstream 2; n = 16/40 Total = 26/70. 12-week follow-up: Workstream 1; n = 9/30 Workstream 2; n = 20/40 Total = 29/70.

Ventilatory anaerobic threshold assessed via cardiopulmonary exercise testing

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
High-Intensity Interval Training
n=42 Participants
High-intensity interval training performed for 20 minutes, 3 times weekly for a period of 6 weeks at 85-100% of maximal heart rate.
Ventilatory Anaerobic Threshold (VAT)
Workstream 2 - baseline VAT
10.0 ml/kg/min
Standard Deviation 1.9
Ventilatory Anaerobic Threshold (VAT)
Workstream 1 - baseline VAT
9.8 ml/kg/min
Standard Deviation 1.7
Ventilatory Anaerobic Threshold (VAT)
Workstream 1 - post-intervention follow-up VAT
10.2 ml/kg/min
Standard Deviation 1.7
Ventilatory Anaerobic Threshold (VAT)
Workstream 1 - 4-week post-intervention follow-up VAT
10.0 ml/kg/min
Standard Deviation 1.3
Ventilatory Anaerobic Threshold (VAT)
Workstream 1 - 12-week post-intervention follow-up VAT
9.4 ml/kg/min
Standard Deviation 1.4
Ventilatory Anaerobic Threshold (VAT)
Workstream 2 - post-intervention follow-up VAT
10.4 ml/kg/min
Standard Deviation 2.2
Ventilatory Anaerobic Threshold (VAT)
Workstream 2 - 4-week post-intervention follow-up VAT
9.8 ml/kg/min
Standard Deviation 2.1
Ventilatory Anaerobic Threshold (VAT)
Workstream 2 - 12-week post-intervention follow-up VAT
10.1 ml/kg/min
Standard Deviation 2.2

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 4 weeks (week 10) and 12 weeks (week 18) post-intervention

Population: Only patients completing the programme and providing baseline and follow-up data are included. This comprises: 4-week follow-up: Workstream 1; n = 13/30 Workstream 2; n = 16/40 Total = 29/70. 12-week follow-up: Workstream 1; n = 11/30 Workstream 2; n = 24/40 Total = 35/70.

Patient reported quality of life using the SF-36 SF-36 is a 36-Item Short Form Health Survey questionnaire. It consists of eight scaled scores, which are the weighted sums of the questions in their section. Each scale is directly transformed into a 0-100 scale on the assumption that each question carries equal weight. The lower the score the more disability. The higher the score the less disability.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
High-Intensity Interval Training
n=35 Participants
High-intensity interval training performed for 20 minutes, 3 times weekly for a period of 6 weeks at 85-100% of maximal heart rate.
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 - 4-week follow-up physical functioning
61.9 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 20.1
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 - 12-week follow-up physical functioning
64.1 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 20.2
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 - 4-week follow-up role physical
61.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 30.9
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 - 12-week follow-up follow-up role physical
62.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 26.8
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 - 4-week follow-up pain
53.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 19.6
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 - 12-week follow-up pain
54.1 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 24.7
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 - 4-week follow-up general health
47.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 13.9
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 - 12-week follow-up general health
53.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 19.3
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 - 4-week follow-up vitality
51.0 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 17.5
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 - 12-week follow-up vitality
55.1 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.3
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 - 4-week follow-up social functioning
84.6 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 20.5
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 - 12-week follow-up social functioning
85.0 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 17.5
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 - 4-week follow-up role emotional
80.8 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 31.6
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 - 12-week follow-up role emotional
76.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 23.8
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 - 4-week follow-up mental health
71.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 15.2
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 - 12-week follow-up mental health
71.8 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 15.2
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 - 4-week follow-up PCS
40.9 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 8.4
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 - 12-week follow-up PCS
38.8 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 15.4
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 - 4 week follow-up MCS
51.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 9.3
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 1 - 12-week follow-up MCS
46.8 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 17.3
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 - 4-week follow-up physical functioning
61.7 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 19.9
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 - 12-week follow-up physical functioning
61.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 20.3
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 - 4-week follow-up role physical
63.9 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 24.5
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 - 12-week follow-up role physical
57.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 23.4
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 - 4-week pain
55.6 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 20.3
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 - 12-week follow-up pain
57.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 23.6
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 - 4-week follow-up general health
54.6 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 18.1
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 - 12-week follow-up general health
53.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 19.5
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 - 4-week follow-up vitality
54.9 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 20.7
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 - 12 -week follow-up vitality
54.8 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 22.0
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 - 4-week follow-up social functioning
79.9 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 25.4
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 - 12-week follow-up social functioning
76.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 27.8
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 4-week follow-up role emotional
77.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 26.5
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 - 12-week follow-up role emotional
77.7 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 26.5
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 4-week follow-up mental health
78.9 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 17.4
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 - 12-week follow-up mental health
78.0 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 18.6
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 - 4-week follow-up PCS
41.7 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.5
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 - 12-week follow-up PCS
41.0 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 8.6
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 - 4-week follow-up MCS
52.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 10.0
Quality of Life Questionnaire Short-form-36 (SF-36)
Workstream 2 - 12-week follow-up MCS
52.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 11.2

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 4 weeks (week 10) and 12 weeks (week 18) post-intervention.

Population: Only patients completing the programme and providing follow-up data are included. This comprises: 4-week follow-up: Workstream 1; n = 13/30 Workstream 2; n = 16/40 Total = 29/70. 12-week follow-up: Workstream 1; n = 10/30 Workstream 2; n = 24/40 Total = 34/70.

VascuQoL includes 25 items subdivided into 5 domains and a sum score is also calculated by dividing the total score by 25. Each domain and the total score range from 1 to 7 with 1 representing the worst score and 7 the best.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
High-Intensity Interval Training
n=34 Participants
High-intensity interval training performed for 20 minutes, 3 times weekly for a period of 6 weeks at 85-100% of maximal heart rate.
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 1 - 4-week follow-up pain score
4.7 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.7
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 1 -12-week follow-up pain score
5.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.2
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 1 - 4-week follow-up social score
6.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.1
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 1 - 12-week follow-up social score
6.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.9
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 1 - 4-week follow-up activities score
5.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.0
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 1 - 12-week follow-up activities score
5.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.2
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 1 - 4-week follow-up symptom score
5.8 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.6
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 1 - 12-week follow-up symptom score
5.9 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.7
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 1 4-week follow-up emotional score
6.0 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.0
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 1 - 12-week follow-up emotional score
6.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.4
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 1 - 4-week total score
5.6 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.0
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 1 - 12-week follow-up total score
5.8 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.7
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 2 4-week follow-up pain score
4.8 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.3
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 2 - 12-week follow-up pain score
4.6 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.3
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 2 - 4-week follow-up social score
5.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.6
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 2 - 12-week follow-up social score
5.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.7
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 2 4-week follow-up activities score
4.9 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.2
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 2 - 12-week follow-up activities score
4.7 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.1
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 2 4-week follow-up symptom score
5.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.2
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 2 - 12-week follow-up symptom score
5.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.2
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 2 4-week follow-up emotional score
5.7 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.3
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 2 - 12-week follow-up emotional score
5.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.1
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 2 - 4-week follow-up total score
5.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.2
Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire - (VascuQol)
Workstream 2 - 12-week follow-up total score
5.0 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.1

Adverse Events

High-Intensity Interval Training

Serious events: 1 serious events
Other events: 10 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
High-Intensity Interval Training
n=70 participants at risk
High-intensity interval training performed for 20 minutes, 3 times weekly for a period of 6 weeks at 85-100% of maximal heart rate.
Vascular disorders
Thrombosed popliteal aneurysm
1.4%
1/70 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment to 18 weeks later for each patient.

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
High-Intensity Interval Training
n=70 participants at risk
High-intensity interval training performed for 20 minutes, 3 times weekly for a period of 6 weeks at 85-100% of maximal heart rate.
General disorders
Post-exercise dizzines
8.6%
6/70 • Number of events 7 • From enrollment to 18 weeks later for each patient.
Cardiac disorders
Dull chest ache
1.4%
1/70 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment to 18 weeks later for each patient.
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Back spasm
1.4%
1/70 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment to 18 weeks later for each patient.
General disorders
Headache
1.4%
1/70 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment to 18 weeks later for each patient.
Cardiac disorders
Hypertensive CPET response
1.4%
1/70 • Number of events 1 • From enrollment to 18 weeks later for each patient.

Additional Information

Dr Sean Pymer

Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust

Phone: 01482 674643

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place