Trial Outcomes & Findings for Evaluation Study of the Online High School Media Aware Program (NCT NCT04035694)
NCT ID: NCT04035694
Last Updated: 2021-05-28
Results Overview
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=very unwilling; 2=unwilling; 3=willing; 4=very willing) how willing they are to have sex in a relationship context. (Imagine you were with a boyfriend/girlfriend and they say they love you. They want to have sex. In this situation, how willing would you be to have sex?).
COMPLETED
NA
590 participants
posttest (approximately one week after pretest)
2021-05-28
Participant Flow
Participant milestones
| Measure |
Intervention
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Overall Study
STARTED
|
374
|
216
|
|
Overall Study
COMPLETED
|
374
|
216
|
|
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
|
0
|
0
|
Reasons for withdrawal
Withdrawal data not reported
Baseline Characteristics
Evaluation Study of the Online High School Media Aware Program
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
Intervention
n=374 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=216 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
Total
n=590 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Sexual Experience
No
|
280 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
137 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
417 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Age, Continuous
|
14.33 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION .58 • n=39 Participants
|
14.60 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION .86 • n=41 Participants
|
14.41 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION .70 • n=35 Participants
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Male
|
146 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
93 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
239 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Female
|
197 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
96 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
293 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Nonbinary
|
17 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
7 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
24 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Unknown or Not Reported
|
14 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
20 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
34 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
|
45 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
27 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
72 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
|
313 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
167 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
480 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
16 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
22 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
38 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
|
1 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
4 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
|
21 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
22 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
43 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
|
1 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
|
36 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
50 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
86 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
|
243 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
71 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
314 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
|
51 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
43 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
94 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
21 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
27 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
48 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Region of Enrollment
United States
|
374 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
216 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
590 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Sexual Experience
Yes
|
40 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
35 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
75 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Sexual Experience
Unknown or Not Reported
|
54 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
44 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
98 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Academic Grades
Mostly As
|
139 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
70 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
209 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Academic Grades
As and Bs
|
131 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
59 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
190 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Academic Grades
Mostly Bs
|
25 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
9 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
34 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Academic Grades
Bs and Cs
|
23 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
22 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
45 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Academic Grades
Mostly Cs
|
4 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
4 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
8 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Academic Grades
Cs and Ds
|
7 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
5 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
12 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Academic Grades
Mostly Ds
|
4 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
6 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Academic Grades
Mostly Below Ds
|
0 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Academic Grades
Unknown or Not Reported
|
41 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
44 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
85 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Romantic Relationship Status
Yes
|
55 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
39 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
94 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Romantic Relationship Status
No/Unsure
|
275 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
134 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
409 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Romantic Relationship Status
Unknown or Not Reported
|
44 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
43 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
87 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Socioeconomic Status (SES)
Yes
|
43 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
71 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
114 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Socioeconomic Status (SES)
No/Unsure
|
265 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
104 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
369 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
|
Socioeconomic Status (SES)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
66 Participants
n=39 Participants
|
41 Participants
n=41 Participants
|
107 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=very unwilling; 2=unwilling; 3=willing; 4=very willing) how willing they are to have sex in a relationship context. (Imagine you were with a boyfriend/girlfriend and they say they love you. They want to have sex. In this situation, how willing would you be to have sex?).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=244 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=122 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Willingness to Have Sex
|
2.22 units on a scale
Standard Error .07
|
2.30 units on a scale
Standard Error .08
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=very unwilling; 2=unwilling; 3=willing; 4=very willing) how willing they are to have sex in a relationship context. (Imagine you were with a boyfriend/girlfriend and they say they love you. They want to have sex. In this situation, how willing would you be to have sex?).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=190 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=56 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Willingness to Have Sex
|
2.26 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.08
|
2.42 units on a scale
Standard Error .11
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=very unwilling; 2=unwilling; 3=willing; 4=very willing) how willing they are to engage in unprotected sex (Imagine you were with a boyfriend/girlfriend. They want to have sex, but neither of you have any form of protection. In this situation, how willing would you be to go ahead and have sex anyway?). (adapted from Gibbons, Gerrard, Blanton, \& Russell, 2014)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=245 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=128 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Willingness to Engage in Unprotected Sex
|
1.69 units on a scale
Standard Error .07
|
1.75 units on a scale
Standard Error .08
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=very unwilling; 2=unwilling; 3=willing; 4=very willing) how willing they are to engage in unprotected sex (Imagine you were with a boyfriend/girlfriend. They want to have sex, but neither of you have any form of protection. In this situation, how willing would you be to go ahead and have sex anyway?). (adapted from Gibbons, Gerrard, Blanton, \& Russell, 2014)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=191 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=57 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Willingness to Engage in Unprotected Sex
|
1.72 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.09
|
1.83 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.12
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=very unwilling; 2=unwilling; 3=willing; 4=very willing) how willing they are to have hook up even if they are not sure that they really want to (Imagine you were with a boyfriend/girlfriend. They want to hook-up, but you are not sure that you want to. In this situation, how willing would you be to go ahead and hook-up anyway?). (adapted from Gibbons, Gerrard, Blanton, \& Russell, 2014)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=244 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=128 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Willingness to Hook up
|
2.02 units on a scale
Standard Error .06
|
1.98 units on a scale
Standard Error .07
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=very unwilling; 2=unwilling; 3=willing; 4=very willing) how willing they are to have hook up even if they are not sure that they really want to (Imagine you were with a boyfriend/girlfriend. They want to hook-up, but you are not sure that you want to. In this situation, how willing would you be to go ahead and hook-up anyway?). (adapted from Gibbons, Gerrard, Blanton, \& Russell, 2014)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=191 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=57 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Willingness to Hook up
|
1.98 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.07
|
2.13 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.09
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=not at all likely; 2=unlikely; 3=likely; 4=extremely likely) how likely they are to engage in sexual activity in the next year (How likely is that you will have any type of sexual contact with another person (oral sex, anal sex, vaginal sex, or genital-to-genital contact) in the next year?). α = 0.77 (adapted from L'Engle, Brown, and Kenneavy, 2006)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=229 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=120 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Intentions to Engage in Sexual Activity With Another Person
|
2.03 units on a scale
Standard Error .07
|
1.96 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.08
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=not at all likely; 2=unlikely; 3=likely; 4=extremely likely) how likely they are to engage in sexual activity in the next year (How likely is that you will have any type of sexual contact with another person (oral sex, anal sex, vaginal sex, or genital-to-genital contact) in the next year?). α = 0.77 (adapted from L'Engle, Brown, and Kenneavy, 2006)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=184 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=57 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Intentions to Engage in Sexual Activity With Another Person
|
1.97 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.09
|
2.00 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.11
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=not at all likely; 2=unlikely; 3=likely; 4=extremely likely) how likely they are to use protection (if you were to have vaginal or anal sex, how likely would you be to use a condom?). (adapted from Jemmott and Jemmott, 1991)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=235 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=124 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Condom Use Intentions
|
3.46 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.06
|
3.42 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.07
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=not at all likely; 2=unlikely; 3=likely; 4=extremely likely) how likely they are to use protection (if you were to have vaginal or anal sex, how likely would you be to use a condom?). (adapted from Jemmott and Jemmott, 1991)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=188 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=56 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Condom Use Intentions
|
3.53 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.08
|
3.51 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.11
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=not at all likely; 2=unlikely; 3=likely; 4=extremely likely) how likely they are to use protection (if you were to have vaginal sex, how likely would you be to use birth control other than condoms?). (adapted from Jemmott and Jemmott, 1991)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=235 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=123 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Birth Control Use Intentions (Other Than Condoms)
|
2.99 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.11
|
2.89 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.13
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=not at all likely; 2=unlikely; 3=likely; 4=extremely likely) how likely they are to use protection (if you were to have vaginal sex, how likely would you be to use birth control other than condoms?). (adapted from Jemmott and Jemmott, 1991)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=185 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=57 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Birth Control Use Intentions (Other Than Condoms)
|
2.83 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.12
|
2.76 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.17
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=not at all likely; 2=unlikely; 3=likely; 4=extremely likely) how likely they are to use protection (if you were to decide to have oral sex, how likely would you be to use a condom or dental dam?). (adapted from Jemmott and Jemmott, 1991)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=236 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=124 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Protection Intentions During Oral Sex
|
2.94 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.10
|
2.77 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.11
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=not at all likely; 2=unlikely; 3=likely; 4=extremely likely) how likely they are to use protection (if you were to decide to have oral sex, how likely would you be to use a condom or dental dam?). (adapted from Jemmott and Jemmott, 1991)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=186 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=57 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Protection Intentions During Oral Sex
|
2.83 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.11
|
2.68 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.15
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=strongly disagree; 2=disagree; 3=agree; 4=strongly agree) the degree to which they agreed that teens on the media (e.g., Teens in the media do things that average teens do.). (adapted from Austin and Johnson, 1997, α=0.80)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=250 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=137 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Perceived Realism of Media Messages
|
2.02 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.05
|
2.23 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.06
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=strongly disagree; 2=disagree; 3=agree; 4=strongly agree) the degree to which they agreed that teens on the media (e.g., Teens in the media do things that average teens do.). (adapted from Austin and Johnson, 1997, α=0.80)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=217 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=59 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Perceived Realism of Media Messages
|
2.03 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.08
|
2.19 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.11
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=strongly 2=disagree; 3=disagree; 4=agree; strongly agree) their level of agreement on several items pertaining to dating violence (e.g., It is okay for people to hit their girlfriends/boyfriends if they did something to make them mad.). (adapted from Foshee, Bauman, Ennett, Suchindran, Benefield, and Linder, 2005 α=0.73)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=249 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=135 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Acceptance of Dating Violence
|
1.40 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.04
|
1.48 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.04
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=strongly 2=disagree; 3=disagree; 4=agree; strongly agree) their level of agreement on several items pertaining to dating violence (e.g., It is okay for people to hit their girlfriends/boyfriends if they did something to make them mad.). (adapted from Foshee, Bauman, Ennett, Suchindran, Benefield, and Linder, 2005 α=0.73)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=219 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=60 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Acceptance of Dating Violence
|
1.36 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.07
|
1.36 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.11
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are shown an advertisement and asked to describe it in detail including noting marketing strategies and any missing information (e.g., How are advertisers trying to get someone to buy this product?). Qualitative responses to the questions are coded by trained project staff members once inter-coder reliability is established, and scores will be summed to create an overall deconstruction skills composite variable. (adapted from Kupersmidt, Scull, \& Benson, 2012)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=250 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=131 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Advertisement Deconstruction Skills
|
4.46 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.52
|
3.47 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.53
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are shown an advertisement and asked to describe it in detail including noting marketing strategies and any missing information (e.g., How are advertisers trying to get someone to buy this product?). Qualitative responses to the questions are coded by trained project staff members once inter-coder reliability is established, and scores will be summed to create an overall deconstruction skills composite variable (adapted from Kupersmidt, Scull, \& Benson, 2012).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=223 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=60 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Advertisement Deconstruction Skills
|
5.30 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.35
|
5.37 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.55
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are shown an advertisement and asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=incomplete to 4=complete) how complete the information included in an advertisement is (e.g., How complete is the information in this advertisement?).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=247 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=130 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Media Message Completeness
|
2.17 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.10
|
2.20 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.11
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are shown an advertisement and asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=incomplete to 4=complete) how complete the information included in an advertisement is (e.g., How complete is the information in this advertisement?).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=217 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=58 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Media Message Completeness
|
2.27 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.11
|
2.23 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.16
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=strongly disagree; 2=disagree; 3=agree; 4=strongly agree) the degree to which they agree with several statements about media (e.g., Media are dishonest about what happens if people have sex.). (adapted from Scull, Malik, and Kupersmidt, 2014, α=0.86)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=251 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=136 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Media Skepticism
|
2.93 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.07
|
2.78 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.08
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=strongly disagree; 2=disagree; 3=agree; 4=strongly agree) the degree to which they agree with several statements about media (e.g., Media are dishonest about what happens if people have sex.). (adapted from Scull, Malik, and Kupersmidt, 2014, α=0.86)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=218 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=60 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Media Skepticism
|
3.04 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.09
|
3.01 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.14
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=strongly disagree; 2=disagree; 3=agree; 4=strongly agree) their level of agreement on several items pertaining to strict gender role stereotypes (e.g., Raising children is primarily a woman's responsibility.). (adapted from Foshee, Bauman, Ennett, Suchindran, Benefield, and Linder, 2005 α=0.87)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=252 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=136 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Acceptance of Strict Gender Role Stereotypes
|
1.51 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.04
|
1.52 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.05
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=strongly disagree; 2=disagree; 3=agree; 4=strongly agree) their level of agreement on several items pertaining to strict gender role stereotypes (e.g., Raising children is primarily a woman's responsibility.). (adapted from Foshee, Bauman, Ennett, Suchindran, Benefield, and Linder, 2005 α=0.87)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=219 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=60 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Acceptance of Strict Gender Role Stereotypes
|
1.44 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.06
|
1.45 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.09
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=strongly disagree; 2=disagree; 3=agree; 4=strongly agree) their level of agreement on several items pertaining to myths about rape (e.g., It shouldn't be considered rape if a guy is drunk and didn't realize what he was doing.). (adapted from Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance-Short Form (IRMA-SF; 7 pt. scale); Payne et al., (1999); McMahon \& Farmer (2011), α=0.88)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=251 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=135 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Acceptance of Rape Myths
|
1.35 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.04
|
1.33 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.04
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=strongly disagree; 2=disagree; 3=agree; 4=strongly agree) their level of agreement on several items pertaining to myths about rape (e.g., It shouldn't be considered rape if a guy is drunk and didn't realize what he was doing.). (adapted from Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance-Short Form (IRMA-SF; 7 pt. scale); Payne et al., (1999); McMahon \& Farmer (2011), α=0.88)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=219 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=58 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Acceptance of Rape Myths
|
1.31 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.05
|
1.28 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.07
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=not likely at all; 2=Unlikely; 3=Likely; 4=Extremely likely) how likely they would be to intervene as a bystander (e.g., Approach a friend if I thought they were in an abusive relationship and let them know that I am here to help.). (adapted from Banyard, 2005)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=247 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=136 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Intentions to Intervene as Bystander
|
3.10 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.06
|
3.08 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.06
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=not likely at all; 2=Unlikely; 3=Likely; 4=Extremely likely) how likely they would be to intervene as a bystander (e.g., Approach a friend if I thought they were in an abusive relationship and let them know that I am here to help.). (adapted from Banyard, 2005)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=217 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=58 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Intentions to Intervene as Bystander
|
3.13 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.09
|
3.11 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.15
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are asked to indicate on a scale of 0 (Can't do) to 100 (Very Certain) their degree of confidence in several behaviors (e.g., I could talk to a friend who I suspected is in an abusive relationship.). (adapted from Banyard, 2005)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=251 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=136 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Efficacy to Intervene as Bystander
|
74.26 units on a scale
Standard Error 1.68
|
71.28 units on a scale
Standard Error 1.85
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are asked to indicate on a scale of 0 (Can't do) to 100 (Very Certain) their degree of confidence in several behaviors (e.g., I could talk to a friend who I suspected is in an abusive relationship.). (adapted from Banyard, 2005)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=217 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=57 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Efficacy to Intervene as Bystander
|
75.96 units on a scale
Standard Error 1.90
|
70.97 units on a scale
Standard Error 2.70
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are asked to indicate what percentage \[0% = no teens; 100% = all teens\] of teens engage in sexual activity (e.g., oral sex, vaginal sex, anal sex). (adapted from Scull, Kupersmidt, Malik, and Keefe, 2018)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=238 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=129 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Descriptive Norms Regarding Teen Sexual Activity
|
36.10 percentage of teens sexually active
Standard Error 1.85
|
43.02 percentage of teens sexually active
Standard Error 2.01
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are asked to indicate what percentage \[0% = no teens; 100% = all teens\] of teens engage in sexual activity (e.g., oral sex, vaginal sex, anal sex). (adapted from Scull, Kupersmidt, Malik, and Keefe, 2018)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=192 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=55 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Descriptive Norms Regarding Teen Sexual Activity
|
38.65 percentage of teens sexually active
Standard Error 2.67
|
40.89 percentage of teens sexually active
Standard Error 4.11
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are asked to indicate what percentage \[0% = no teens; 100% = all teens\] of teens engage in risky sexual activities (e.g., What percentage of teens have sex with someone who is much older?). (adapted from Scull, Kupersmidt, Malik, and Keefe, 2018)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=235 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=123 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Descriptive Norms Regarding Teen Risky Sexual Activity
|
30.89 percentage of teens having risky sex
Standard Error 2.00
|
37.35 percentage of teens having risky sex
Standard Error 2.18
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are asked to indicate what percentage \[0% = no teens; 100% = all teens\] of teens engage in risky sexual activities (e.g., What percentage of teens have sex with someone who is much older?). (adapted from Scull, Kupersmidt, Malik, and Keefe, 2018)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=190 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=51 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Descriptive Norms Regarding Teen Risky Sexual Activity
|
36.39 percentage of teens having risky sex
Standard Error 2.19
|
35.17 percentage of teens having risky sex
Standard Error 3.00
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are asked several multiple choice and True/False questions about sexual health (e.g., True or false: You can tell someone has an STI by looking at him/her.).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=236 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=124 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Sexual Health Knowledge
|
11.38 score on a scale
Standard Error 0.13
|
10.72 score on a scale
Standard Error 0.14
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are asked several multiple choice and True/False questions about sexual health (e.g., True or false: You can tell someone has an STI by looking at him/her.).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=207 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=56 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Sexual Health Knowledge
|
11.34 score on a scale
Standard Error 0.18
|
11.06 score on a scale
Standard Error 0.24
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are asked to indicate what percentage \[0% = no teens; 100% = all teens\] of teens communicate with parents, health providers, or another trusted adult (e.g., Before deciding to have sex, what percentage of teens talk with their boy/girlfriend about sexual health?). (adapted from Scull, Kupersmidt, Malik, and Keefe, 2018)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=236 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=123 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Descriptive Norms Regarding Sexual Health Communication
|
39.95 percentage of teens communicating
Standard Error 1.88
|
37.16 percentage of teens communicating
Standard Error 2.08
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are asked to indicate what percentage \[0% = no teens; 100% = all teens\] of teens communicate with parents, health providers, or another trusted adult (e.g., Before deciding to have sex, what percentage of teens talk with their boy/girlfriend about sexual health?). (adapted from Scull, Kupersmidt, Malik, and Keefe, 2018)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=191 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=52 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Descriptive Norms Regarding Sexual Health Communication
|
40.97 percentage of teens communicating
Standard Error 2.27
|
39.41 percentage of teens communicating
Standard Error 3.15
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=strongly disagree; 2=disagree; 3=agree; 4=strongly agree) how effectively they could convince a partner to use contraception (e.g., If I decided to have sex, I could talk to any potential partner to make him/her understand why we should use condoms or other contraception.).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=239 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=131 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Efficacy to Negotiate Contraception/Protection Use
|
3.19 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.08
|
3.11 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.09
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=strongly disagree; 2=disagree; 3=agree; 4=strongly agree) how effectively they could convince a partner to use contraception (e.g., If I decided to have sex, I could talk to any potential partner to make him/her understand why we should use condoms or other contraception.).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=190 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=56 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Efficacy to Negotiate Contraception/Protection Use
|
3.30 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.09
|
3.39 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.13
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=strongly disagree; 2=disagree; 3=agree; 4=strongly agree) how effectively they could get and use contraception (e.g., If I wanted to, I could get condoms or another form of contraception.).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=239 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=131 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Efficacy to Use Contraception/Protection
|
3.06 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.07
|
3.00 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.08
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=strongly disagree; 2=disagree; 3=agree; 4=strongly agree) how effectively they could get and use contraception (e.g., If I wanted to, I could get condoms or another form of contraception.).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=193 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=57 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Efficacy to Use Contraception/Protection
|
3.22 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.08
|
3.23 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.11
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are asked to indicate what percentage \[0% = no teens; 100% = all teens\] of teens use contraception (e.g., What percentage of teens who have oral sex use a condom or a dental dam?). (adapted from Scull, Kupersmidt, Malik, and Keefe, 2018)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=238 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=121 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Descriptive Norms Regarding Teen Birth Control Use
|
54.09 percentage of teens using BC
Standard Error 1.86
|
58.34 percentage of teens using BC
Standard Error 2.07
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are asked to indicate what percentage \[0% = no teens; 100% = all teens\] of teens use contraception (e.g., What percentage of teens who have oral sex use a condom or a dental dam?). (adapted from Scull, Kupersmidt, Malik, and Keefe, 2018)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=190 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=50 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Descriptive Norms Regarding Teen Birth Control Use
|
53.89 percentage of teens using BC
Standard Error 2.64
|
52.52 percentage of teens using BC
Standard Error 3.93
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=strongly disagree; 2=disagree; 3=agree; 4=strongly agree) how effectively they could communicate with others about sexual health (e.g., I could talk with a boy/girlfriend about using condoms for sexually transmitted infection protection.). (adapted from Scull, Malik, \& Kupersmidt, 2014)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=240 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=131 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Efficacy to Communicate Before Sex
|
2.93 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.07
|
2.79 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.07
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=strongly disagree; 2=disagree; 3=agree; 4=strongly agree) how effectively they could communicate with others about sexual health (e.g., I could talk with a boy/girlfriend about using condoms for sexually transmitted infection protection.). (adapted from Scull, Malik, \& Kupersmidt, 2014)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=193 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=56 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Efficacy to Communicate Before Sex
|
2.92 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.07
|
2.74 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.09
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=not at all likely; 2=unlikely; 3=likely; 4=extremely likely) how likely they are to communicate with others before sexual activity (e.g., Before deciding to have sex, how likely would you be to talk with your parents or another trusted adult about sexual health?). (adapted from Scull, Malik, \& Kupersmidt, 2014)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=237 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=128 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Intent to Communicate Before Sex
|
2.82 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.06
|
2.64 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.06
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=not at all likely; 2=unlikely; 3=likely; 4=extremely likely) how likely they are to communicate with others before sexual activity (e.g., Before deciding to have sex, how likely would you be to talk with your parents or another trusted adult about sexual health?). (adapted from Scull, Malik, \& Kupersmidt, 2014)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=187 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=57 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Intent to Communicate Before Sex
|
2.80 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.07
|
2.60 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.09
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are shown an advertisement and asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=not much at all; 2=a little; 3=a good amount; 4=a lot) the extent to which they: 1) thought about the ad; 2) spent time thinking about the ad; and 3) paid attention to the ad. (adapted from Shiv, Britton, and Payne, 2004)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=249 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=133 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Cognitive Elaboration While Viewing an Advertisement
|
2.01 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.06
|
1.86 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.06
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are shown an advertisement and asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=not much at all; 2=a little; 3=a good amount; 4=a lot) the extent to which they: 1) thought about the ad; 2) spent time thinking about the ad; and 3) paid attention to the ad. (adapted from Shiv, Britton, and Payne, 2004)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=217 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=59 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Cognitive Elaboration While Viewing an Advertisement
|
1.94 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.09
|
2.02 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.14
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are asked on a 4-point Likert scale (1never; 2=rarely; 3=sometimes; 4=often) about their frequency of sexual health communication with a doctor or other health professional (e.g., How often do you talk with a doctor or other health professional about sexual health?).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=238 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=126 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Communication With a Doctor or Other Health Professional About Sexual Health
|
1.98 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.07
|
1.97 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.08
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are asked on a 4-point Likert scale (1never; 2=rarely; 3=sometimes; 4=often) about their frequency of sexual health communication with a doctor or other health professional (e.g., How often do you talk with a doctor or other health professional about sexual health?).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=184 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=58 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Communication With a Doctor or Other Health Professional About Sexual Health
|
1.83 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.09
|
1.79 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.12
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are asked on a 4-point Likert scale (1never; 2=rarely; 3=sometimes; 4=often) about their frequency of sexual health communication with a doctor or trusted adult (e.g., How often do you talk with a parent or other trusted professional about sexual health?).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=238 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=125 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Communication With a Parent or Other Trusted Adult About Sexual Health
|
2.15 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.08
|
1.95 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.09
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are asked on a 4-point Likert scale (1never; 2=rarely; 3=sometimes; 4=often) about their frequency of sexual health communication with a doctor or trusted adult (e.g., How often do you talk with a parent or other trusted professional about sexual health?).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=184 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=58 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Communication With a Parent or Other Trusted Adult About Sexual Health
|
1.95 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.09
|
2.00 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.11
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are asked on a 4-point Likert scale (1never; 2=rarely; 3=sometimes; 4=often) about their frequency of sexual health communication with a boyfriend/girlfriend (e.g., How often do you talk with your boyfriend/girlfriend about sexual health?).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=222 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=120 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Communication With a Boyfriend or Girlfriend About Sexual Health
|
1.93 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.09
|
1.77 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.10
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are asked on a 4-point Likert scale (1never; 2=rarely; 3=sometimes; 4=often) about their frequency of sexual health communication with a boyfriend/girlfriend (e.g., How often do you talk with your boyfriend/girlfriend about sexual health?).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=170 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=55 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Communication With a Boyfriend or Girlfriend About Sexual Health
|
1.95 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.10
|
1.96 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.13
|
OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are shown an advertisement and asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=not much at all; 2=a little; 3=a good amount; 4=a lot) the extent to which they: 1) wanted to argue back to what it was saying; 2) thought of ways they disagreed with what was presented; 3) thought of ways that the information being presented was inaccurate or misleading; and 4) found themselves looking for flaws in the way information was presented in the ad. (adapted from Moyer-Gusé and Nabi, 2010)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=248 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=133 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Counterarguing While Viewing an Advertisement
|
2.01 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.07
|
1.90 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.07
|
OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are shown an advertisement and asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (1=not much at all; 2=a little; 3=a good amount; 4=a lot) the extent to which they: 1) wanted to argue back to what it was saying; 2) thought of ways they disagreed with what was presented; 3) thought of ways that the information being presented was inaccurate or misleading; and 4) found themselves looking for flaws in the way information was presented in the ad. (adapted from Moyer-Gusé and Nabi, 2010)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=216 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=59 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Counterarguing While Viewing an Advertisement
|
1.87 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.10
|
1.92 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.16
|
OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome
Timeframe: posttest (approximately one week after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points and participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire.
Participants are shown an advertisement and asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (variable) how 1) believable; 2) truthful; 3) trustworthy they find the advertisement. (adapted from MacKenzie, Lutz, and Belch, 1986)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=250 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=132 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Advertisement Credibility
|
2.12 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.07
|
2.20 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.08
|
OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome
Timeframe: follow-up (approximately three months after pretest)Population: The number of participants analyzed for this measure differs from the numbers in the Participant Flow module due to the fact that not all participants completed questionnaires at all time points, participants were able to skip questions on the questionnaire. In addition, participants whose follow-up data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the analyses.
Participants are shown an advertisement and asked to indicate on a 4-point Likert scale (variable) how 1) believable; 2) truthful; 3) trustworthy they find the advertisement. (adapted from MacKenzie, Lutz, and Belch, 1986)
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention
n=216 Participants
Participants will receive access to Media Aware.
Media Aware Sexual Health - High School: Media Aware is an online media literacy and sexual health education program developed for high school students that addresses the influence of media on sexual behaviors explicitly using established message processing theory. The program consists of 4 self-paced modules each with two to three lessons. Broadly, the modules cover healthy and unhealthy relationships, sexually transmitted infections, consent, substance use, pregnancy, protection and contraception, and communication between adolescents and their partners, parents, or health providers. Users also learn media literacy skills including message deconstruction to help examine the truth behind media messages.
|
Delayed-Intervention Control
n=59 Participants
Participants will receive their regular health education programming not related to sexual health education or media literacy education.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Advertisement Credibility
|
2.01 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.08
|
2.14 units on a scale
Standard Error 0.12
|
Adverse Events
Intervention
Delayed-Intervention Control
Serious adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place