Trial Outcomes & Findings for Cost Effectiveness of Combined Contingency Management and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Alcohol Use Disorder (NCT NCT03987581)
NCT ID: NCT03987581
Last Updated: 2026-07-02
Results Overview
At the 6-month follow-up visit, participants will self-report the number of heavy drinking (\> 5 drinks in day for men, \> 4 drinks in a day for women) days they have had in the past thirty days.
Recruitment status
COMPLETED
Study phase
NA
Target enrollment
151 participants
Primary outcome timeframe
6-month post quit visit
Results posted on
2026-07-02
Participant Flow
Eleven participants were deemed eligible to participate in the study but were not randomized. Seven voluntarily withdrew, and four were lost to contact.
Participant milestones
| Measure |
CBT Alone + no Incentive
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
|
CBT + mCM + Incentive
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment, mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence, and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT + mCM + no Incentive
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
|
CBT Alone + Incentive
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Overall Study
STARTED
|
35
|
35
|
35
|
35
|
|
Overall Study
COMPLETED
|
35
|
35
|
35
|
35
|
|
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Reasons for withdrawal
Withdrawal data not reported
Baseline Characteristics
Cost Effectiveness of Combined Contingency Management and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Alcohol Use Disorder
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
CBT + mCM + Incentive
n=35 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment, mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence, and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT + mCM + no Incentive
n=35 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
|
CBT Alone + Incentive
n=35 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT Alone + no Incentive
n=35 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
|
Total
n=140 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Age, Continuous
|
48 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12 • n=20 Participants
|
49 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 14 • n=20 Participants
|
50 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15 • n=40 Participants
|
50 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12 • n=5 Participants
|
49 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 13 • n=9 Participants
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Sex · Male
|
29 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
27 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
28 Participants
n=40 Participants
|
28 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
112 Participants
n=9 Participants
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Sex · Female
|
6 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
7 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
7 Participants
n=40 Participants
|
7 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
27 Participants
n=9 Participants
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Sex · Unknown, not reported
|
0 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=40 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=9 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
|
3 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=40 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
8 Participants
n=9 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
|
32 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
35 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
32 Participants
n=40 Participants
|
33 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
132 Participants
n=9 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
0 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=40 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=9 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
|
0 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=40 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=9 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
|
0 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=40 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=9 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
|
0 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=40 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=9 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
|
17 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
12 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
21 Participants
n=40 Participants
|
15 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
65 Participants
n=9 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
|
18 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
22 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
12 Participants
n=40 Participants
|
17 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
69 Participants
n=9 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
|
0 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=40 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=9 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
0 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=40 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=9 Participants
|
|
Region of Enrollment
United States
|
35 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
35 Participants
n=20 Participants
|
35 Participants
n=40 Participants
|
35 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
140 Participants
n=9 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 6-month post quit visitPopulation: Sixteen participants were excluded from analyses because they were withdrawn or lost to contact prior to the 6-month follow-up visit.
At the 6-month follow-up visit, participants will self-report the number of heavy drinking (\> 5 drinks in day for men, \> 4 drinks in a day for women) days they have had in the past thirty days.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
CBT + mCM + Incentive
n=34 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment, mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence, and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT + mCM + no Incentive
n=30 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
|
CBT Alone + Incentive
n=32 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT Alone + no Incentive
n=27 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Average Number of Heavy Drinking Days
|
15.1 days
Standard Deviation 12.2
|
15.9 days
Standard Deviation 10
|
13.2 days
Standard Deviation 11.2
|
11.3 days
Standard Deviation 11.2
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 12-month post quit visitPopulation: Thirty-two participants were excluded from analyses because they were withdrawn or lost to contact prior to the 12-month follow-up visit.
At the 12-month follow-up visit, participants will self-report the number of heavy drinking (\> 5 drinks in day for men, \> 4 drinks in a day for women) days in the past thirty days.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
CBT + mCM + Incentive
n=30 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment, mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence, and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT + mCM + no Incentive
n=26 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
|
CBT Alone + Incentive
n=29 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT Alone + no Incentive
n=23 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Average Number of Heavy Drinking Days
|
2.8 days
Standard Deviation 7
|
1.2 days
Standard Deviation 3.1
|
2.4 days
Standard Deviation 6.5
|
4.5 days
Standard Deviation 10.4
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 6-month post quit visitPopulation: Sixteen participants were excluded from analyses because they were withdrawn or lost to contact prior to the 6-month follow-up visit.
Participants will self-report the number of binge drinking (heavy drinking within a 2-hour period) days in the past thirty days.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
CBT + mCM + Incentive
n=34 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment, mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence, and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT + mCM + no Incentive
n=30 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
|
CBT Alone + Incentive
n=32 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT Alone + no Incentive
n=27 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Average Number of Binge Drinking Days
|
0.9 days
Standard Deviation 4.8
|
3.4 days
Standard Deviation 7.6
|
1.8 days
Standard Deviation 6.5
|
2.2 days
Standard Deviation 6.7
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 12-month post quit visitPopulation: Thirty-two participants were excluded from analyses because they were withdrawn or lost to contact prior to the 12-month follow-up visit.
Participants will self-report the number of binge drinking (heavy drinking within a 2-hour period) days in the past thirty days.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
CBT + mCM + Incentive
n=30 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment, mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence, and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT + mCM + no Incentive
n=26 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
|
CBT Alone + Incentive
n=29 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT Alone + no Incentive
n=23 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Average Number of Binge Drinking Days
|
0.5 days
Standard Deviation 1.5
|
0.7 days
Standard Deviation 2.8
|
0.8 days
Standard Deviation 3.4
|
4.0 days
Standard Deviation 10.5
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 6-month post quit visitPopulation: Sixteen participants were excluded from analyses because they were withdrawn or lost to contact prior to the 6-month follow-up visit.
Participants will self-report the number of drinking days in the past thirty days.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
CBT + mCM + Incentive
n=34 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment, mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence, and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT + mCM + no Incentive
n=30 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
|
CBT Alone + Incentive
n=32 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT Alone + no Incentive
n=27 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Average Number of Drinking Days
|
11.0 days
Standard Deviation 10.2
|
12.2 days
Standard Deviation 11.6
|
7.9 days
Standard Deviation 9.3
|
9.6 days
Standard Deviation 10.7
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 12-month post quit visitPopulation: Thirty-two participants were excluded from analyses because they were withdrawn or lost to contact prior to the 12-month follow-up visit.
Participants will self-report the number of drinking days in the past thirty days.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
CBT + mCM + Incentive
n=30 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment, mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence, and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT + mCM + no Incentive
n=26 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
|
CBT Alone + Incentive
n=29 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT Alone + no Incentive
n=23 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Average Number of Drinking Days
|
10.5 days
Standard Deviation 10.4
|
8.0 days
Standard Deviation 9.8
|
8.1 days
Standard Deviation 9.9
|
12.3 days
Standard Deviation 11.0
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 6-month post quit visitPopulation: Sixteen participants were excluded from analyses because they were withdrawn or lost to contact prior to the 6-month follow-up visit.
Participants will self-report the number of drinks on drinking days in the past 30 days.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
CBT + mCM + Incentive
n=34 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment, mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence, and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT + mCM + no Incentive
n=30 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
|
CBT Alone + Incentive
n=32 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT Alone + no Incentive
n=27 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Average Number of Drinks Per Drinking Day
|
3.4 drinks
Standard Deviation 3.8
|
3.2 drinks
Standard Deviation 3.3
|
2.5 drinks
Standard Deviation 2.0
|
2.0 drinks
Standard Deviation 2.1
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 12-month post quit visitPopulation: Thirty-two participants were excluded from analyses because they were withdrawn or lost to contact prior to the 12-month follow-up visit.
Participants will self-report the number of drinks on drinking days in the past 30 days.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
CBT + mCM + Incentive
n=30 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment, mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence, and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT + mCM + no Incentive
n=26 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
|
CBT Alone + Incentive
n=29 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT Alone + no Incentive
n=23 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Average Number of Drinks Per Drinking Day
|
3.5 drinks
Standard Deviation 3.7
|
2.3 drinks
Standard Deviation 2.5
|
3.2 drinks
Standard Deviation 2.8
|
2.8 drinks
Standard Deviation 2.0
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 6-month post quit visitPopulation: Sixteen participants were excluded from analyses because they were withdrawn or lost to contact prior to the 6-month follow-up visit
Participants will self-report whether or not consumed any alcohol in the past 30 days.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
CBT + mCM + Incentive
n=34 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment, mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence, and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT + mCM + no Incentive
n=30 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
|
CBT Alone + Incentive
n=32 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT Alone + no Incentive
n=27 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Number of Participants With Self-reported Abstinence
|
5 Participants
|
6 Participants
|
10 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 12-month post quit visitPopulation: Thirty-two participants were excluded from analyses because they were withdrawn or lost to contact prior to the 12-month follow-up visit.
Participants will self-report whether or not consumed any alcohol in the past 30 days.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
CBT + mCM + Incentive
n=30 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment, mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence, and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT + mCM + no Incentive
n=26 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
|
CBT Alone + Incentive
n=29 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT Alone + no Incentive
n=23 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Number of Participants With Self-reported Abstinence
|
5 Participants
|
8 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
3 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 6-month post quit visitPopulation: Sixteen participants were excluded from analyses because they were withdrawn or lost to contact prior to the 6-month follow-up visit. Additionally, 7 participants failed to send in their PEth test kits for analysis.
Participants will provide a fingerstick blood sample. Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) testing will provide any evidence of excessive alcohol use in previous 4 weeks.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
CBT + mCM + Incentive
n=31 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment, mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence, and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT + mCM + no Incentive
n=30 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
|
CBT Alone + Incentive
n=28 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT Alone + no Incentive
n=28 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Number of Participants With Bioverification of Low-risk Drinking
|
13 Participants
|
7 Participants
|
13 Participants
|
9 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 12-month post quit visitPopulation: Thirty-two participants were excluded from analyses because they were withdrawn or lost to contact prior to the 12-month follow-up visit. Additionally, 4 participants failed to send in their PEth test kits for analysis.
Participants will provide a fingerstick blood sample. Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) testing will provide any evidence of excessive alcohol use in previous 4 weeks.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
CBT + mCM + Incentive
n=25 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment, mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence, and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT + mCM + no Incentive
n=26 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
|
CBT Alone + Incentive
n=29 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT Alone + no Incentive
n=24 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Number of Participants With Bioverification of Low-risk Drinking
|
4 Participants
|
13 Participants
|
9 Participants
|
6 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 6-month post quit visitPopulation: 29 participants were withdrawn from analyses due to missing data.
Participants will provide self-report on use of adjunct treatments (e.g., Alcoholics Anonymous, group counseling) for alcohol use during the period between post-treatment and follow-ups. Where available, Department of Veterans Affairs administrative data will be used to determine enrollment or involvement in aftercare treatment.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
CBT + mCM + Incentive
n=29 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment, mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence, and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT + mCM + no Incentive
n=27 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
|
CBT Alone + Incentive
n=29 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT Alone + no Incentive
n=26 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Treatment Utilization as Measured by Number of Treatment Visits
|
0.03 treatment visits
Standard Deviation 0.2
|
1.5 treatment visits
Standard Deviation 4.5
|
2.1 treatment visits
Standard Deviation 5.2
|
0.2 treatment visits
Standard Deviation 0.7
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 12-month post quit visitPopulation: 31 participants were withdrawn from analyses due to missing data.
Participants will provide self-report on use of adjunct treatments (e.g., Alcoholics Anonymous, group counseling) for alcohol use during the period between post-treatment and follow-ups. Where available, Department of Veterans Affairs administrative data will be used to determine enrollment or involvement in aftercare treatment.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
CBT + mCM + Incentive
n=28 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment, mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence, and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT + mCM + no Incentive
n=25 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
|
CBT Alone + Incentive
n=31 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT Alone + no Incentive
n=25 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Treatment Utilization as Measured by Number of Treatment Visits
|
0.6 treatment visits
Standard Deviation 1.6
|
8.2 treatment visits
Standard Deviation 29.5
|
2.9 treatment visits
Standard Deviation 8.9
|
0.3 treatment visits
Standard Deviation 1.0
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 12-month post quit visitPopulation: Twenty-eight participants were excluded from analyses because they were withdrawn or lost to contact prior to the 12-month follow-up visit.
EuroQol (EQ-5D) scoring converts patient-reported health states across five dimensions (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression) into a single numerical index (utility value) anchored at 1 (full health) and 0 (dead), with values below 0 possible for states "worse than dead". The EQ-5D utility value typically ranges from ≤ 0 (a state considered "worse than dead") to 1 (perfect health). The study team applied the Pickard et al., 2019 United States value set, which sets the value range from a theoretical minimum of -0.573 to a maximum of 1. This scale is used in health economics to calculate Quality-Adjusted Life-Years (QALYs), where 0 represents being deceased.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
CBT + mCM + Incentive
n=30 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment, mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence, and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT + mCM + no Incentive
n=27 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
|
CBT Alone + Incentive
n=30 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT Alone + no Incentive
n=25 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Health Care Related Quality of Life as Measured by the EuroQol (EQ-5D)
|
0.74 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.21
|
0.72 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.20
|
0.58 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.30
|
0.71 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.24
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Post-treatment, approximately 14 weeksPopulation: Two participants were withdrawn from analyses due to missing data.
The number of cognitive behavioral therapy treatment sessions completed by each participant will be measured to determine treatment engagement
Outcome measures
| Measure |
CBT + mCM + Incentive
n=35 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment, mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence, and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT + mCM + no Incentive
n=35 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
|
CBT Alone + Incentive
n=35 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT Alone + no Incentive
n=33 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
CBT Treatment Engagement as Measured by the Number of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Treatment Sessions Completed
|
10.4 CBT sessions
Standard Deviation 2.9
|
9.6 CBT sessions
Standard Deviation 3.3
|
9.1 CBT sessions
Standard Deviation 3.8
|
9.3 CBT sessions
Standard Deviation 3.9
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 12-month post quit visitMeasure of cost-effectiveness; computed by dividing the difference in costs between two interventions by the difference in their health outcomes. The formula is (Cost of A - Cost of B) / (Outcome of A - Outcome of B). The result shows the additional cost for each additional unit of health gain from the more effective intervention compared to the less effective one, such as the cost per Quality-Adjusted Life Year (QALY) gained
Outcome measures
| Measure |
CBT + mCM + Incentive
n=35 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment, mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence, and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT + mCM + no Incentive
n=35 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
|
CBT Alone + Incentive
n=35 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT Alone + no Incentive
n=35 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio
|
0.93 dollars per QALY gained
Standard Deviation 0.31
|
0.89 dollars per QALY gained
Standard Deviation 0.30
|
0.79 dollars per QALY gained
Standard Deviation 0.37
|
0.87 dollars per QALY gained
Standard Deviation 0.34
|
Adverse Events
CBT + mCM + Incentive
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 2 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
CBT + mCM + no Incentive
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 4 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
CBT Alone + Incentive
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 3 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
CBT Alone + no Incentive
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 1 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Serious adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Other adverse events
| Measure |
CBT + mCM + Incentive
n=35 participants at risk
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment, mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence, and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT + mCM + no Incentive
n=35 participants at risk
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and mobile contingency management for alcohol abstinence. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Mobile Contingency Management (mCM): Abstinence (measured by breath alcohol) will be intermittently reinforced. For each breath alcohol concentration reading that tests negative, a participant will earn a virtual scratch-off lottery ticket that contains 100 different values.
|
CBT Alone + Incentive
n=35 participants at risk
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
Long-term incentive: This incentive is $300 for self-reported and bioverified 30-day abstinence from heavy drinking at the follow-up scheduled for 6-months after the initial quit date
|
CBT Alone + no Incentive
n=35 participants at risk
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment. They will not receive monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Twelve in-person counseling sessions designed to assist participants with becoming abstinent from alcohol use (or reduce use).
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
abnormal skin sensations
|
0.00%
0/35 • From baseline to one-year follow-up (about one year)
|
0.00%
0/35 • From baseline to one-year follow-up (about one year)
|
2.9%
1/35 • Number of events 1 • From baseline to one-year follow-up (about one year)
|
0.00%
0/35 • From baseline to one-year follow-up (about one year)
|
|
Psychiatric disorders
increase in psychological distress
|
0.00%
0/35 • From baseline to one-year follow-up (about one year)
|
5.7%
2/35 • Number of events 3 • From baseline to one-year follow-up (about one year)
|
2.9%
1/35 • Number of events 1 • From baseline to one-year follow-up (about one year)
|
2.9%
1/35 • Number of events 2 • From baseline to one-year follow-up (about one year)
|
|
Nervous system disorders
headache
|
0.00%
0/35 • From baseline to one-year follow-up (about one year)
|
0.00%
0/35 • From baseline to one-year follow-up (about one year)
|
2.9%
1/35 • Number of events 1 • From baseline to one-year follow-up (about one year)
|
0.00%
0/35 • From baseline to one-year follow-up (about one year)
|
|
Psychiatric disorders
frustration
|
0.00%
0/35 • From baseline to one-year follow-up (about one year)
|
5.7%
2/35 • Number of events 2 • From baseline to one-year follow-up (about one year)
|
0.00%
0/35 • From baseline to one-year follow-up (about one year)
|
0.00%
0/35 • From baseline to one-year follow-up (about one year)
|
|
Psychiatric disorders
irritability
|
2.9%
1/35 • Number of events 1 • From baseline to one-year follow-up (about one year)
|
0.00%
0/35 • From baseline to one-year follow-up (about one year)
|
0.00%
0/35 • From baseline to one-year follow-up (about one year)
|
0.00%
0/35 • From baseline to one-year follow-up (about one year)
|
|
Psychiatric disorders
nightmares
|
2.9%
1/35 • Number of events 1 • From baseline to one-year follow-up (about one year)
|
0.00%
0/35 • From baseline to one-year follow-up (about one year)
|
0.00%
0/35 • From baseline to one-year follow-up (about one year)
|
0.00%
0/35 • From baseline to one-year follow-up (about one year)
|
Additional Information
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place