Trial Outcomes & Findings for Neural Mechanisms of Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) (NCT NCT03874793)

NCT ID: NCT03874793

Last Updated: 2026-03-20

Results Overview

Posterior cingulate-seed functional connectivity with dorsolateral PFC index (PCC seed-dlPFC rsFC index) was measured using fMRI \[BOLD\] signal, a measure of brain regional blood flow used as a proxy for neural activity. BOLD signal while "resting" identified regions whose activity is correlated with a "seed" ROI within PCC. A whole-brain map of Pearson's (r) was transformed (Fisher r-to-Z) to a T-map. A beta from cluster in the hypothesized dlPFC region was extracted (as the "PCC seed-dlPFC rsFC index"). Fisher r-to-Z scores are not bounded to the -1 to +1 range, although practically rsFC scores fall in the -1.5 to +1.5 range. This index was used to test a pre-registered mechanistic hypothesis that MBCT would lead to an increase in PCC-dlPFC rsFC index, associated with increase in meta-cognitive emotional regulation. Increase in PCC-dlPFC rsFC index might theoretically be better; but this has not been clinically validated, and no clinically relevant thresholds for this index.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

61 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Intake (pre-therapy) and post therapy (approximately 9 - 10 weeks)

Results posted on

2026-03-20

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy
Participants will have 8 weeks of group therapy and will be asked to do MBCT exercises for approximately 20-30 minutes on 5 or more days/week.
Muscle Relaxation Therapy (MRG)
Participants will have 8 weeks of group therapy participants and will be asked to do MRG exercises for approximately 20-30 minutes on 5 or more days/week.
Overall Study
STARTED
31
30
Overall Study
COMPLETED
21
20
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
10
10

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy
Participants will have 8 weeks of group therapy and will be asked to do MBCT exercises for approximately 20-30 minutes on 5 or more days/week.
Muscle Relaxation Therapy (MRG)
Participants will have 8 weeks of group therapy participants and will be asked to do MRG exercises for approximately 20-30 minutes on 5 or more days/week.
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
5
5
Overall Study
Lost to Follow-up
5
5

Baseline Characteristics

Neural Mechanisms of Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy
n=31 Participants
Participants will have 8 weeks of group therapy and will be asked to do MBCT exercises for approximately 20-30 minutes on 5 or more days/week.
Muscle Relaxation Therapy (MRG)
n=30 Participants
Participants will have 8 weeks of group therapy participants and will be asked to do MRG exercises for approximately 20-30 minutes on 5 or more days/week.
Total
n=122 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
0 Participants
n=31 Participants
0 Participants
n=30 Participants
0 Participants
n=61 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
31 Participants
n=31 Participants
30 Participants
n=30 Participants
61 Participants
n=61 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
0 Participants
n=31 Participants
0 Participants
n=30 Participants
0 Participants
n=61 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
27 Participants
n=31 Participants
27 Participants
n=30 Participants
54 Participants
n=61 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
4 Participants
n=31 Participants
3 Participants
n=30 Participants
7 Participants
n=61 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=31 Participants
0 Participants
n=30 Participants
0 Participants
n=61 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
2 Participants
n=31 Participants
0 Participants
n=30 Participants
2 Participants
n=61 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=31 Participants
0 Participants
n=30 Participants
0 Participants
n=61 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
2 Participants
n=31 Participants
0 Participants
n=30 Participants
2 Participants
n=61 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
27 Participants
n=31 Participants
28 Participants
n=30 Participants
55 Participants
n=61 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=31 Participants
2 Participants
n=30 Participants
2 Participants
n=61 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=31 Participants
0 Participants
n=30 Participants
0 Participants
n=61 Participants
Resting-state functional connectivity btw posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and dorsolateral PFC
0.0010 arbitrary (beta)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.0927 • n=31 Participants
0.0279 arbitrary (beta)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.0458 • n=30 Participants
0.0141 arbitrary (beta)
STANDARD_DEVIATION .0740 • n=61 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Intake (pre-therapy) and post therapy (approximately 9 - 10 weeks)

Posterior cingulate-seed functional connectivity with dorsolateral PFC index (PCC seed-dlPFC rsFC index) was measured using fMRI \[BOLD\] signal, a measure of brain regional blood flow used as a proxy for neural activity. BOLD signal while "resting" identified regions whose activity is correlated with a "seed" ROI within PCC. A whole-brain map of Pearson's (r) was transformed (Fisher r-to-Z) to a T-map. A beta from cluster in the hypothesized dlPFC region was extracted (as the "PCC seed-dlPFC rsFC index"). Fisher r-to-Z scores are not bounded to the -1 to +1 range, although practically rsFC scores fall in the -1.5 to +1.5 range. This index was used to test a pre-registered mechanistic hypothesis that MBCT would lead to an increase in PCC-dlPFC rsFC index, associated with increase in meta-cognitive emotional regulation. Increase in PCC-dlPFC rsFC index might theoretically be better; but this has not been clinically validated, and no clinically relevant thresholds for this index.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy
n=21 Participants
Participants will have 8 weeks of group therapy and will be asked to do MBCT exercises for approximately 20-30 minutes on 5 or more days/week.
Muscle Relaxation Therapy (MRG)
n=20 Participants
Participants will have 8 weeks of group therapy participants and will be asked to do MRG exercises for approximately 20-30 minutes on 5 or more days/week.
Change (From Intake to Post-therapy) in Resting-state Functional Connectivity Between Posterior Cingulate Cortex (PCC) and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (dlPFC)
0.0417 rsFC Beta change score intake to post
Standard Error 0.0169
-0.0262 rsFC Beta change score intake to post
Standard Error 0.0142

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: pre-therapy and post therapy (approximately 9-10 weeks)

Population: We analyzed all subjects who had both a usable intake rsfMRI scan and a usable post-therapy rsfMRI scan (N=41)

Posterior cingulate-seed functional connectivity with insula index (PCC seed-insula rsFC index) was measured using fMRI \[BOLD\] signal, a measure of brain regional blood flow used as a proxy for neural activity. BOLD signal while "resting" identified regions whose activity is correlated with a "seed" ROI within PCC. A whole-brain map of Pearson's (r) was transformed (Fisher r-to-Z) to a T-map. A beta from a cluster in the hypothesized insula region was extracted (as the "PCC seed-insula rsFC index"). Fisher r-to-Z scores are not bounded to the -1 to +1 range, although practically rsFC scores fall in the -1.5 to +1.5 range. This index was used to test a pre-registered mechanistic hypothesis that MBCT would lead to decrease in PCC-insula rsFC index (more negative), associated with decreased PTSD hyperarousal symptoms. Decrease in PCC-insula rsFC index might theoretically be better; but this has not been clinically validated, and there are no clinically relevant thresholds for this index.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy
n=21 Participants
Participants will have 8 weeks of group therapy and will be asked to do MBCT exercises for approximately 20-30 minutes on 5 or more days/week.
Muscle Relaxation Therapy (MRG)
n=20 Participants
Participants will have 8 weeks of group therapy participants and will be asked to do MRG exercises for approximately 20-30 minutes on 5 or more days/week.
Change (From Intake to Post-therapy) in Resting-state Functional Connectivity (rsFC) Between Posterior Cingulate Cortex (PCC) and Insula Cortex (Insula)
Left Insula rsFC (PCC seed) change intake to post
-0.0067 Beta of BOLD rsFC change score
Standard Error 0.0090
-0.0240 Beta of BOLD rsFC change score
Standard Error 0.0103
Change (From Intake to Post-therapy) in Resting-state Functional Connectivity (rsFC) Between Posterior Cingulate Cortex (PCC) and Insula Cortex (Insula)
Right Insula rsFC (PCC seed) change intake to post
-0.0031 Beta of BOLD rsFC change score
Standard Error 0.0108
-0.0223 Beta of BOLD rsFC change score
Standard Error 0.0112

Adverse Events

Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy

Serious events: 1 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Muscle Relaxation Therapy (MRG)

Serious events: 1 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy
n=31 participants at risk
Participants will have 8 weeks of group therapy and will be asked to do MBCT exercises for approximately 20-30 minutes on 5 or more days/week. Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy: Participants will attend 8 weekly group therapy sessions. Prior to and after therapy participants will have assessments related to their PTSD, fill out surveys, and have an fMRI.
Muscle Relaxation Therapy (MRG)
n=30 participants at risk
Participants will have 8 weeks of group therapy participants and will be asked to do MRG exercises for approximately 20-30 minutes on 5 or more days/week. Muscle Relaxation Therapy: Participants will attend 8 weekly group therapy sessions. Prior to and after therapy participants will have assessments related to their PTSD, fill out surveys, and have an fMRI.
Psychiatric disorders
Hospitalization
3.2%
1/31 • Number of events 1 • 2 years and 6 months
3.3%
1/30 • Number of events 1 • 2 years and 6 months

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Anthony King, PhD

The Ohio State University

Phone: 7347094744

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place