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Trial Outcomes & Findings for A Research Study to Compare Insulin 287 Once a Week to Insulin Glargine (100 Units/mL) Once a Day in People With Type 2 Diabetes. (NCT NCT03751657)

NCT ID: NCT03751657

Last Updated: 2021-04-02

Results Overview

Change in HbA1c from baseline (week 0) to week 26 is presented. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment without ancillary treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product until the follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin, or initiation of any diabetes treatment other than trial products and metformin +/- DPP4i, or increase of the dose of metformin or DPP4i.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE2

Target enrollment

247 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

From baseline (Visit 2) to week 26 (Visit 28)

Results posted on

2021-04-02

Participant Flow

The trial was conducted at 49 sites in Canada (7), Czech Republic (9), Greece (5), Poland (6), Slovakia (6),Slovenia (2) and United States (14). One site in the United States screened, but didn't randomise any participant.

Insulin-naïve participants with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) inadequately controlled on metformin with or without dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor (DPP4i) were randomized in a 1:1 manner to receive once weekly insulin 287 and once daily placebo or once weekly placebo and once daily insulin glargine subcutaneously (s.c).

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Insulin 287
Participants were to receive once weekly s.c. injection of insulin 287 using PDS290 prefilled pen-injector at a starting dose of 70 units (U) and once daily placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted once weekly to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 millimoles per liter (mmol/L) based on 3 pre-breakfast self-measured plasma glucose (SMPG) values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 28 U, and 3.0-3.8- dose reduced by 14 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 14U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 28U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Insulin Glargine
Participants were to receive once daily s.c injection of Insulin glargine using 10 ml vial and syringe at a starting dose of 10 U and once weekly placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 mmol/L based on 3 pre-breakfast SMPG values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 4 U, and 3.0-3.8 dose reduced by 2 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 2 U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 4 U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Overall Study
STARTED
125
122
Overall Study
COMPLETED
122
119
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
3
3

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Insulin 287
Participants were to receive once weekly s.c. injection of insulin 287 using PDS290 prefilled pen-injector at a starting dose of 70 units (U) and once daily placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted once weekly to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 millimoles per liter (mmol/L) based on 3 pre-breakfast self-measured plasma glucose (SMPG) values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 28 U, and 3.0-3.8- dose reduced by 14 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 14U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 28U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Insulin Glargine
Participants were to receive once daily s.c injection of Insulin glargine using 10 ml vial and syringe at a starting dose of 10 U and once weekly placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 mmol/L based on 3 pre-breakfast SMPG values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 4 U, and 3.0-3.8 dose reduced by 2 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 2 U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 4 U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Overall Study
Physician Decision
0
1
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
1
1
Overall Study
Lost to Follow-up
2
1

Baseline Characteristics

A Research Study to Compare Insulin 287 Once a Week to Insulin Glargine (100 Units/mL) Once a Day in People With Type 2 Diabetes.

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Insulin 287
n=125 Participants
Participants were to receive once weekly s.c. injection of insulin 287 using PDS290 prefilled pen-injector at a starting dose of 70 units (U) and once daily placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted once weekly to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 millimoles per liter (mmol/L) based on 3 pre-breakfast self-measured plasma glucose (SMPG) values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 28 U, and 3.0-3.8- dose reduced by 14 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 14U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 28U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Insulin Glargine
n=122 Participants
Participants were to receive once daily s.c injection of Insulin glargine using 10 ml vial and syringe at a starting dose of 10 U and once weekly placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 mmol/L based on 3 pre-breakfast SMPG values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 4 U, and 3.0-3.8 dose reduced by 2 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 2 U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 4 U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Total
n=247 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
59.7 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.2 • n=99 Participants
59.4 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.5 • n=107 Participants
59.6 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.9 • n=206 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
55 Participants
n=99 Participants
53 Participants
n=107 Participants
108 Participants
n=206 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
70 Participants
n=99 Participants
69 Participants
n=107 Participants
139 Participants
n=206 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
10 Participants
n=99 Participants
6 Participants
n=107 Participants
16 Participants
n=206 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
115 Participants
n=99 Participants
116 Participants
n=107 Participants
231 Participants
n=206 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=99 Participants
0 Participants
n=107 Participants
0 Participants
n=206 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=99 Participants
0 Participants
n=107 Participants
0 Participants
n=206 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
8 Participants
n=99 Participants
4 Participants
n=107 Participants
12 Participants
n=206 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
1 Participants
n=99 Participants
0 Participants
n=107 Participants
1 Participants
n=206 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
7 Participants
n=99 Participants
5 Participants
n=107 Participants
12 Participants
n=206 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
109 Participants
n=99 Participants
113 Participants
n=107 Participants
222 Participants
n=206 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=99 Participants
0 Participants
n=107 Participants
0 Participants
n=206 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=99 Participants
0 Participants
n=107 Participants
0 Participants
n=206 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: From baseline (Visit 2) to week 26 (Visit 28)

Population: FAS included all randomised participants. "Number of Participants Analyzed" = Number of participants contributing to the analysis.

Change in HbA1c from baseline (week 0) to week 26 is presented. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment without ancillary treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product until the follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin, or initiation of any diabetes treatment other than trial products and metformin +/- DPP4i, or increase of the dose of metformin or DPP4i.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Insulin 287
n=122 Participants
Participants were to receive once weekly s.c. injection of insulin 287 using PDS290 prefilled pen-injector at a starting dose of 70 units (U) and once daily placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted once weekly to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 millimoles per liter (mmol/L) based on 3 pre-breakfast self-measured plasma glucose (SMPG) values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 28 U, and 3.0-3.8- dose reduced by 14 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 14U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 28U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Insulin Glargine
n=120 Participants
Participants were to receive once daily s.c injection of Insulin glargine using 10 ml vial and syringe at a starting dose of 10 U and once weekly placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 mmol/L based on 3 pre-breakfast SMPG values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 4 U, and 3.0-3.8 dose reduced by 2 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 2 U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 4 U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Change in Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) [Percentage Point (%-Point)]
-1.33 Percentage point of HbA1c
Standard Error 0.07
-1.15 Percentage point of HbA1c
Standard Error 0.07

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: From baseline (Visit 2) to week 26 (Visit 28)

Population: FAS included all randomised participants. "Number of Participants Analyzed" = Number of participants contributing to the analysis.

Change in HbA1c from baseline (week 0) to week 26 is presented. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment without ancillary treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product until the follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin, or initiation of any diabetes treatment other than trial products and metformin +/- DPP4i, or increase of the dose of metformin or DPP4i.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Insulin 287
n=122 Participants
Participants were to receive once weekly s.c. injection of insulin 287 using PDS290 prefilled pen-injector at a starting dose of 70 units (U) and once daily placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted once weekly to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 millimoles per liter (mmol/L) based on 3 pre-breakfast self-measured plasma glucose (SMPG) values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 28 U, and 3.0-3.8- dose reduced by 14 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 14U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 28U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Insulin Glargine
n=120 Participants
Participants were to receive once daily s.c injection of Insulin glargine using 10 ml vial and syringe at a starting dose of 10 U and once weekly placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 mmol/L based on 3 pre-breakfast SMPG values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 4 U, and 3.0-3.8 dose reduced by 2 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 2 U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 4 U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Change in HbA1c [Millimoles/Mole (mmol/Mol)]
-14.51 mmol/mol
Standard Error 0.79
-12.54 mmol/mol
Standard Error 0.80

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From baseline (Visit 2) to week 26 (Visit 28)

Population: FAS included all randomised participants. "Number of Participants Analyzed" = Number of participants contributing to the analysis.

Change in fasting plasma glucose from baseline (week 0) to week 26 is presented. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment without ancillary treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product until the follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin, or initiation of any diabetes treatment other than trial products and metformin +/- DPP4i, or increase of the dose of metformin or DPP4i.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Insulin 287
n=121 Participants
Participants were to receive once weekly s.c. injection of insulin 287 using PDS290 prefilled pen-injector at a starting dose of 70 units (U) and once daily placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted once weekly to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 millimoles per liter (mmol/L) based on 3 pre-breakfast self-measured plasma glucose (SMPG) values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 28 U, and 3.0-3.8- dose reduced by 14 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 14U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 28U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Insulin Glargine
n=116 Participants
Participants were to receive once daily s.c injection of Insulin glargine using 10 ml vial and syringe at a starting dose of 10 U and once weekly placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 mmol/L based on 3 pre-breakfast SMPG values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 4 U, and 3.0-3.8 dose reduced by 2 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 2 U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 4 U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Change in Fasting Plasma Glucose
-3.20 mmol/l
Standard Error 0.16
-2.99 mmol/l
Standard Error 0.16

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 26 (Visit 28)

Population: FAS included all randomised participants. "Number of Participants Analyzed" = Number of participants contributing to the analysis.

Participants measured their plasma glucose (PG) levels using blood glucose meters (as plasma equivalent values of capillary whole blood glucose) at 9 time points (before breakfast, 90 minutes after the start of breakfast, before lunch, 90 minutes after the start of lunch, before dinner, 90 minutes after the start of dinner, at bedtime, at 4 am, before breakfast the following day). 9-point SMPG values after 26 weeks are presented. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment without ancillary treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product until the follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin, or initiation of any diabetes treatment other than trial products and metformin +/- DPP4i, or increase of the dose of metformin or DPP4i.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Insulin 287
n=125 Participants
Participants were to receive once weekly s.c. injection of insulin 287 using PDS290 prefilled pen-injector at a starting dose of 70 units (U) and once daily placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted once weekly to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 millimoles per liter (mmol/L) based on 3 pre-breakfast self-measured plasma glucose (SMPG) values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 28 U, and 3.0-3.8- dose reduced by 14 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 14U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 28U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Insulin Glargine
n=122 Participants
Participants were to receive once daily s.c injection of Insulin glargine using 10 ml vial and syringe at a starting dose of 10 U and once weekly placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 mmol/L based on 3 pre-breakfast SMPG values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 4 U, and 3.0-3.8 dose reduced by 2 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 2 U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 4 U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
9-point Profile (Individual SMPG Values)
Before breakfast
5.70 mmol/l
Standard Error 0.19
6.19 mmol/l
Standard Error 0.19
9-point Profile (Individual SMPG Values)
90 minutes after start of breakfast
7.90 mmol/l
Standard Error 0.19
8.51 mmol/l
Standard Error 0.19
9-point Profile (Individual SMPG Values)
Before lunch
6.09 mmol/l
Standard Error 0.19
6.19 mmol/l
Standard Error 0.19
9-point Profile (Individual SMPG Values)
90 minutes after start of lunch
7.83 mmol/l
Standard Error 0.19
8.50 mmol/l
Standard Error 0.19
9-point Profile (Individual SMPG Values)
Before main evening meal
6.55 mmol/l
Standard Error 0.19
6.96 mmol/l
Standard Error 0.19
9-point Profile (Individual SMPG Values)
90 minutes after the start of main evening meal
8.01 mmol/l
Standard Error 0.19
8.47 mmol/l
Standard Error 0.19
9-point Profile (Individual SMPG Values)
Before bedtime
7.35 mmol/l
Standard Error 0.19
7.87 mmol/l
Standard Error 0.19
9-point Profile (Individual SMPG Values)
At 4:00 a.m.
5.72 mmol/l
Standard Error 0.19
5.98 mmol/l
Standard Error 0.19
9-point Profile (Individual SMPG Values)
Before breakfast the following day
5.74 mmol/l
Standard Error 0.19
6.05 mmol/l
Standard Error 0.19

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From baseline (Visit 2) to week 26 (Visit 28)

Population: FAS included all randomised participants. "Number of Participants Analyzed" = Number of participants contributing to the analysis.

Participants measured their PG levels using blood glucose meters at 9 time points (before breakfast, 90 minutes after the start of breakfast, before lunch, 90 minutes after the start of lunch, before dinner, 90 minutes after the start of dinner, at bedtime, at 4 am, before breakfast the following day). The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment without ancillary treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product until the follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin, or initiation of any diabetes treatment other than trial products and metformin +/- DPP4i, or increase of the dose of metformin or DPP4i.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Insulin 287
n=112 Participants
Participants were to receive once weekly s.c. injection of insulin 287 using PDS290 prefilled pen-injector at a starting dose of 70 units (U) and once daily placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted once weekly to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 millimoles per liter (mmol/L) based on 3 pre-breakfast self-measured plasma glucose (SMPG) values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 28 U, and 3.0-3.8- dose reduced by 14 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 14U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 28U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Insulin Glargine
n=111 Participants
Participants were to receive once daily s.c injection of Insulin glargine using 10 ml vial and syringe at a starting dose of 10 U and once weekly placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 mmol/L based on 3 pre-breakfast SMPG values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 4 U, and 3.0-3.8 dose reduced by 2 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 2 U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 4 U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Change in Mean of the 9-point Profile, Defined as the Area Under the Profile Divided by Measurement Time
-2.70 mmol/l
Standard Error 0.12
-2.26 mmol/l
Standard Error 0.12

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 26 (Visit 28)

Population: FAS included all randomised participants. "Number of Participants Analyzed" = Number of participants contributing to the analysis.

Participants measured their plasma glucose (PG) levels using blood glucose meters at 9 time points (before breakfast, 90 minutes after the start of breakfast, before lunch, 90 minutes after the start of lunch, before dinner, 90 minutes after the start of dinner, at bedtime, at 4 am, before breakfast the following day). Presented fluctuation in 9-point SMPG profile is the integrated absolute distance from the mean profile value divided by measurement time and is calculated using the trapezoidal method. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment without ancillary treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product until the follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin, or initiation of any diabetes treatment other than trial products and metformin +/- DPP4i, or increase of the dose of metformin or DPP4i.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Insulin 287
n=112 Participants
Participants were to receive once weekly s.c. injection of insulin 287 using PDS290 prefilled pen-injector at a starting dose of 70 units (U) and once daily placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted once weekly to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 millimoles per liter (mmol/L) based on 3 pre-breakfast self-measured plasma glucose (SMPG) values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 28 U, and 3.0-3.8- dose reduced by 14 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 14U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 28U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Insulin Glargine
n=111 Participants
Participants were to receive once daily s.c injection of Insulin glargine using 10 ml vial and syringe at a starting dose of 10 U and once weekly placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 mmol/L based on 3 pre-breakfast SMPG values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 4 U, and 3.0-3.8 dose reduced by 2 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 2 U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 4 U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Fluctuations of the 9-point Profile (Defined as the Integrated Absolute Distance From the Mean Profile Value Divided by Measurement Time).
0.92 mmol/l
Interval 0.84 to 1.01
0.94 mmol/l
Interval 0.86 to 1.03

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: At week 26 (Visit 28)

Population: FAS included all randomised participants. "Number of Participants Analyzed" = Number of participants contributing to the analysis.

Fasting C-peptide at week 26 is presented. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment without ancillary treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product until the follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin, or initiation of any diabetes treatment other than trial products and metformin +/- DPP4i, or increase of the dose of metformin or DPP4i.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Insulin 287
n=115 Participants
Participants were to receive once weekly s.c. injection of insulin 287 using PDS290 prefilled pen-injector at a starting dose of 70 units (U) and once daily placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted once weekly to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 millimoles per liter (mmol/L) based on 3 pre-breakfast self-measured plasma glucose (SMPG) values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 28 U, and 3.0-3.8- dose reduced by 14 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 14U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 28U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Insulin Glargine
n=112 Participants
Participants were to receive once daily s.c injection of Insulin glargine using 10 ml vial and syringe at a starting dose of 10 U and once weekly placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 mmol/L based on 3 pre-breakfast SMPG values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 4 U, and 3.0-3.8 dose reduced by 2 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 2 U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 4 U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Fasting C-peptide
0.44 Nanomoles per liter (nmol/l)
Interval 0.4 to 0.48
0.47 Nanomoles per liter (nmol/l)
Interval 0.43 to 0.51

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From baseline (Visit 2) to week 26 (Visit 28)

Population: FAS included all randomised participants. "Number of Participants Analyzed" = Number of participants contributing to the analysis.

Change in body weight from baseline (week 0) to week 26 is presented. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment without ancillary treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product until the follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin, or initiation of any diabetes treatment other than trial products and metformin +/- DPP4i, or increase of the dose of metformin or DPP4i.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Insulin 287
n=122 Participants
Participants were to receive once weekly s.c. injection of insulin 287 using PDS290 prefilled pen-injector at a starting dose of 70 units (U) and once daily placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted once weekly to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 millimoles per liter (mmol/L) based on 3 pre-breakfast self-measured plasma glucose (SMPG) values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 28 U, and 3.0-3.8- dose reduced by 14 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 14U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 28U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Insulin Glargine
n=119 Participants
Participants were to receive once daily s.c injection of Insulin glargine using 10 ml vial and syringe at a starting dose of 10 U and once weekly placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 mmol/L based on 3 pre-breakfast SMPG values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 4 U, and 3.0-3.8 dose reduced by 2 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 2 U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 4 U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Change in Body Weight
1.49 Kilogram
Standard Error 0.36
1.56 Kilogram
Standard Error 0.37

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: week 25 (Visit 27) and 26 (Visit 28)

Population: FAS included all randomised participants. "Number of Participants Analyzed" = Number of participants contributing to the analysis.

Weekly dose of insulin 287 and weekly dose of glargine at week 25 and week 26 are presented.The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment without ancillary treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product until the follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin, or initiation of any diabetes treatment other than trial products and metformin +/- DPP4i, or increase of the dose of metformin or DPP4i.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Insulin 287
n=120 Participants
Participants were to receive once weekly s.c. injection of insulin 287 using PDS290 prefilled pen-injector at a starting dose of 70 units (U) and once daily placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted once weekly to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 millimoles per liter (mmol/L) based on 3 pre-breakfast self-measured plasma glucose (SMPG) values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 28 U, and 3.0-3.8- dose reduced by 14 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 14U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 28U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Insulin Glargine
n=117 Participants
Participants were to receive once daily s.c injection of Insulin glargine using 10 ml vial and syringe at a starting dose of 10 U and once weekly placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 mmol/L based on 3 pre-breakfast SMPG values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 4 U, and 3.0-3.8 dose reduced by 2 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 2 U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 4 U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Weekly Dose of Insulin 287 and Weekly Dose of Insulin Glargine
229.06 Units of Insulin
Interval 205.08 to 255.83
284.05 Units of Insulin
Interval 253.97 to 317.71

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From baseline (Visit 2) to week 31 (Visit 30)

Population: The safety analysis set (SAS) included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.

An adverse event (AE) is any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical trial subject administered or using a medicinal product, whether or not considered related to the medicinal product or usage. A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Insulin 287
n=125 Participants
Participants were to receive once weekly s.c. injection of insulin 287 using PDS290 prefilled pen-injector at a starting dose of 70 units (U) and once daily placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted once weekly to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 millimoles per liter (mmol/L) based on 3 pre-breakfast self-measured plasma glucose (SMPG) values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 28 U, and 3.0-3.8- dose reduced by 14 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 14U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 28U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Insulin Glargine
n=122 Participants
Participants were to receive once daily s.c injection of Insulin glargine using 10 ml vial and syringe at a starting dose of 10 U and once weekly placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 mmol/L based on 3 pre-breakfast SMPG values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 4 U, and 3.0-3.8 dose reduced by 2 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 2 U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 4 U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Number of Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs)
229 Events
158 Events

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From baseline (Visit 2) to week 26 (Visit 28)

Population: SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.

Hypoglycaemia alert value (level 1) was defined as episodes that were sufficiently low for treatment with fast-acting carbohydrate and dose adjustment of glucose-lowering therapy with plasma glucose value of equal to or above (\>=) 3.0 and less than (\<) 3.9 mmol/L (\>= 54 and \< 70 mg/dL) confirmed by BG meter. Number of hypoglycaemic alert episodes (level 1) that occurred from week 0 to week 26 are presented.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Insulin 287
n=125 Participants
Participants were to receive once weekly s.c. injection of insulin 287 using PDS290 prefilled pen-injector at a starting dose of 70 units (U) and once daily placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted once weekly to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 millimoles per liter (mmol/L) based on 3 pre-breakfast self-measured plasma glucose (SMPG) values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 28 U, and 3.0-3.8- dose reduced by 14 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 14U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 28U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Insulin Glargine
n=122 Participants
Participants were to receive once daily s.c injection of Insulin glargine using 10 ml vial and syringe at a starting dose of 10 U and once weekly placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 mmol/L based on 3 pre-breakfast SMPG values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 4 U, and 3.0-3.8 dose reduced by 2 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 2 U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 4 U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Number of Hypoglycaemic Alert Episodes (Level 1) (≥3.0 and <3.9 mmol/L (≥54 and <70 mg/dL), Confirmed by BG Meter)
358 Episodes
145 Episodes

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From baseline (Visit 2) to week 26 (Visit 28)

Population: SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.

Clinically significant hypoglycaemic episodes (level 2) were defined as episodes that were sufficiently low to indicate serious, clinically important hypoglycaemia with plasma glucose value of less than (\<) 3.0 mmol/L (54 mg/dL). Severe hypoglycaemic episodes (level 3) were defined as episodes that were associated with severe cognitive impairment requiring external assistance for recovery. Number of clinically significant hypoglycaemic episodes (level 2), confirmed by blood glucose (BG) meter or severe hypoglycaemic episodes (level 3) that occurred from week 0 to week 26 are presented.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Insulin 287
n=125 Participants
Participants were to receive once weekly s.c. injection of insulin 287 using PDS290 prefilled pen-injector at a starting dose of 70 units (U) and once daily placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted once weekly to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 millimoles per liter (mmol/L) based on 3 pre-breakfast self-measured plasma glucose (SMPG) values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 28 U, and 3.0-3.8- dose reduced by 14 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 14U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 28U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Insulin Glargine
n=122 Participants
Participants were to receive once daily s.c injection of Insulin glargine using 10 ml vial and syringe at a starting dose of 10 U and once weekly placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 mmol/L based on 3 pre-breakfast SMPG values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 4 U, and 3.0-3.8 dose reduced by 2 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 2 U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 4 U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Number of Clinically Significant Hypoglycaemic Episodes (Level 2) (<3.0 mmol/L (54 mg/dL), Confirmed by BG Meter) or Severe Hypoglycaemic Episodes (Level 3)
38 Episodes
31 Episodes

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From baseline (Visit 2) to week 26 (Visit 28)

Population: SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.

Severe hypoglycaemic episodes (level 3) were defined as episodes that were associated with severe cognitive impairment requiring external assistance for recovery. Number of severe hypoglycaemic episodes that occurred from week 0 to week 26 are presented.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Insulin 287
n=125 Participants
Participants were to receive once weekly s.c. injection of insulin 287 using PDS290 prefilled pen-injector at a starting dose of 70 units (U) and once daily placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted once weekly to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 millimoles per liter (mmol/L) based on 3 pre-breakfast self-measured plasma glucose (SMPG) values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 28 U, and 3.0-3.8- dose reduced by 14 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 14U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 28U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Insulin Glargine
n=122 Participants
Participants were to receive once daily s.c injection of Insulin glargine using 10 ml vial and syringe at a starting dose of 10 U and once weekly placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 mmol/L based on 3 pre-breakfast SMPG values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 4 U, and 3.0-3.8 dose reduced by 2 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 2 U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 4 U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Number of Severe Hypoglycaemic Episodes (Level 3)
1 Episodes
0 Episodes

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From baseline (Visit 2) to week 31 (Visit 30)

Population: SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator. Overall number of participants analysed = Number of participants contributing to the analysis.

Samples from the insulin 287 arm of the study were analysed for anti-insulin 287 antibodies. Confirmed anti-insulin 287 antibody positive samples had an antibody titre value determined. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from in-trial period, starting at randomisation, and ending at the last direct participant-site contact, or when participant withdrew their informed consent, or the last participant-investigator contact for participants lost to follow-up, or death.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Insulin 287
n=119 Participants
Participants were to receive once weekly s.c. injection of insulin 287 using PDS290 prefilled pen-injector at a starting dose of 70 units (U) and once daily placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted once weekly to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 millimoles per liter (mmol/L) based on 3 pre-breakfast self-measured plasma glucose (SMPG) values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 28 U, and 3.0-3.8- dose reduced by 14 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 14U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 28U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Insulin Glargine
Participants were to receive once daily s.c injection of Insulin glargine using 10 ml vial and syringe at a starting dose of 10 U and once weekly placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 mmol/L based on 3 pre-breakfast SMPG values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 4 U, and 3.0-3.8 dose reduced by 2 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 2 U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 4 U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Change in Anti-insulin 287 Antibody Titres
979.9 Antibody titers
Standard Deviation 3177.9
—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From baseline (Visit 2) to week 31 (Visit 30)

Population: SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.

Anti-insulin 287 or glargine antibodies were classified as negative if % B/T was below a certain cut point. Samples positive for anti-insulin 287 or glargine antibodies were further tested for cross-reactivity to endogenous insulin. Samples not further tested are categorised as not applicable (NA). Unknown refers to samples with insufficient volume to perform analysis. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from in-trial period, starting at randomisation, and ending at the last direct participant-site contact, or when participant withdrew their informed consent, or the last participant-investigator contact for participants lost to follow-up, or death.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Insulin 287
n=125 Participants
Participants were to receive once weekly s.c. injection of insulin 287 using PDS290 prefilled pen-injector at a starting dose of 70 units (U) and once daily placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted once weekly to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 millimoles per liter (mmol/L) based on 3 pre-breakfast self-measured plasma glucose (SMPG) values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 28 U, and 3.0-3.8- dose reduced by 14 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 14U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 28U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Insulin Glargine
n=122 Participants
Participants were to receive once daily s.c injection of Insulin glargine using 10 ml vial and syringe at a starting dose of 10 U and once weekly placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 mmol/L based on 3 pre-breakfast SMPG values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 4 U, and 3.0-3.8 dose reduced by 2 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 2 U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 4 U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Change in Cross-reactive Anti-human Insulin Antibody Status (Positive/Negative)
Week 0 · Negative
0 Participants
1 Participants
Change in Cross-reactive Anti-human Insulin Antibody Status (Positive/Negative)
Week 0 · Positive
0 Participants
0 Participants
Change in Cross-reactive Anti-human Insulin Antibody Status (Positive/Negative)
Week 0 · Unknown
1 Participants
9 Participants
Change in Cross-reactive Anti-human Insulin Antibody Status (Positive/Negative)
Week 0 · Not Applicable
124 Participants
112 Participants
Change in Cross-reactive Anti-human Insulin Antibody Status (Positive/Negative)
Week 31 · Negative
9 Participants
0 Participants
Change in Cross-reactive Anti-human Insulin Antibody Status (Positive/Negative)
Week 31 · Positive
86 Participants
26 Participants
Change in Cross-reactive Anti-human Insulin Antibody Status (Positive/Negative)
Week 31 · Unknown
0 Participants
0 Participants
Change in Cross-reactive Anti-human Insulin Antibody Status (Positive/Negative)
Week 31 · Not Applicable
25 Participants
89 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From baseline (Visit 2) to week 31 (Visit 30)

Population: Change in anti-insulin 287 antibodies level is not assessed because change in anti-insulin 287 antibody titres is a more meaningful way of describing the change in antibody levels.

Change in anti-insulin 287 antibodies level is not assessed because change in anti-insulin 287 antibody titres is a more meaningful way of describing the change in antibody levels. The results for change in anti-insulin 287 antibody titres are reported as a separate endpoint.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

Adverse Events

Insulin 287

Serious events: 2 serious events
Other events: 26 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Insulin Glargine

Serious events: 3 serious events
Other events: 16 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
Insulin 287
n=125 participants at risk
Participants were to receive once weekly s.c. injection of insulin 287 using PDS290 prefilled pen-injector at a starting dose of 70 units (U) and once daily placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted once weekly to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 millimoles per liter (mmol/L) based on 3 pre-breakfast self-measured plasma glucose (SMPG) values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 28 U, and 3.0-3.8- dose reduced by 14 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 14U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 28U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Insulin Glargine
n=122 participants at risk
Participants were to receive once daily s.c injection of Insulin glargine using 10 ml vial and syringe at a starting dose of 10 U and once weekly placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 mmol/L based on 3 pre-breakfast SMPG values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 4 U, and 3.0-3.8 dose reduced by 2 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 2 U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 4 U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Renal and urinary disorders
Acute kidney injury
0.00%
0/125 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
0.82%
1/122 • Number of events 1 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Anaemia
0.00%
0/125 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
0.82%
1/122 • Number of events 1 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
Renal and urinary disorders
Azotaemia
0.00%
0/125 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
0.82%
1/122 • Number of events 1 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
Nervous system disorders
Cerebral disorder
0.00%
0/125 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
0.82%
1/122 • Number of events 1 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
Cardiac disorders
Coronary artery disease
0.00%
0/125 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
0.82%
1/122 • Number of events 1 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
Infections and infestations
Emphysematous pyelonephritis
0.00%
0/125 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
0.82%
1/122 • Number of events 1 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
Hepatobiliary disorders
Hepatosplenomegaly
0.00%
0/125 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
0.82%
1/122 • Number of events 1 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
Renal and urinary disorders
Hydronephrosis
0.00%
0/125 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
0.82%
1/122 • Number of events 1 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
Hypomagnesaemia
0.00%
0/125 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
0.82%
1/122 • Number of events 1 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Leukocytosis
0.00%
0/125 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
0.82%
1/122 • Number of events 1 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Lower limb fracture
0.80%
1/125 • Number of events 1 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
0.00%
0/122 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
Gastrointestinal disorders
Melaena
0.00%
0/125 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
0.82%
1/122 • Number of events 1 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
Reproductive system and breast disorders
Metrorrhagia
0.80%
1/125 • Number of events 1 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
0.00%
0/122 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
Cardiac disorders
Tachycardia
0.00%
0/125 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
0.82%
1/122 • Number of events 1 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Insulin 287
n=125 participants at risk
Participants were to receive once weekly s.c. injection of insulin 287 using PDS290 prefilled pen-injector at a starting dose of 70 units (U) and once daily placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted once weekly to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 millimoles per liter (mmol/L) based on 3 pre-breakfast self-measured plasma glucose (SMPG) values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 28 U, and 3.0-3.8- dose reduced by 14 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 14U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 28U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Insulin Glargine
n=122 participants at risk
Participants were to receive once daily s.c injection of Insulin glargine using 10 ml vial and syringe at a starting dose of 10 U and once weekly placebo for 26 weeks. The insulin dose was then adjusted to reach the glycaemic target of 3.9-6.0 mmol/L based on 3 pre-breakfast SMPG values measured on 2 previous days and on the day of the titration. If at least one pre-breakfast SMPG value was: \< 3.0 mmol/L- dose reduced by 4 U, and 3.0-3.8 dose reduced by 2 U. Otherwise, the dose adjustment was based on the mean of SMPG values. If the mean was: 3.9-6.0 mmol/L- no adjustment; 6.1-7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 2 U, and \>7.0 mmol/L- dose increased by 4 U. All participants used metformin with or without DPP4i at the stable, pre-trial dose and at the same frequency unless due to safety concerns.
Nervous system disorders
Headache
11.2%
14/125 • Number of events 31 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
2.5%
3/122 • Number of events 3 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
Infections and infestations
Nasopharyngitis
8.0%
10/125 • Number of events 12 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
6.6%
8/122 • Number of events 9 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
Infections and infestations
Upper respiratory tract infection
5.6%
7/125 • Number of events 7 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.
4.9%
6/122 • Number of events 8 • Week 0 to Week 31 Results are based on the SAS which included all participants who received at least one dose of Insulin 287 or Insulin glargine. The SAS included all participants who received at least one dose of the investigational product or comparator.
A TEAE was defined as an event that had onset date (or increase in severity) during the on-treatment observation period. The endpoint was evaluated based on the data from on-treatment period, starting at the date of first dose of trial product, and ending at follow-up visit, or the last date on trial product + 5 weeks for once daily insulin and + 6 weeks for once weekly insulin.

Additional Information

Clinical Reporting Anchor and Disclosure (1452)

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Phone: (+1)866-867-7178

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee At the end of the trial, one or more scientific publications may be prepared collaboratively by the investigator(s) and Novo Nordisk. Novo Nordisk reserves the right to postpone publication and/or communication for up to 60 days to protect intellectual property.
  • Publication restrictions are in place

Restriction type: OTHER