Trial Outcomes & Findings for INcreasing Veteran EngagemeNT to Prevent Diabetes (INVENT) (NCT NCT03403231)

Veterans that met preliminary study eligibility criteria were mailed a letter about the study and were contacted by a Research Assistant 7-10 days later by phone to gauge their participation interest.

The population consisted of prediabetic Veterans ages 75 and younger, had access to VA MyHealtheVet Secure Messaging, and met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Those that did not complete the Baseline Survey or did not have consistent internet access to use MyHealtheVet Secure Messaging were not randomized and thus excluded from analysis.

INcreasing Veteran EngagemeNT to Prevent Diabetes (INVENT)

The investigators will use survey and medical record data to evaluate changes in participants' engagement in recommended behaviors to prevent type 2 diabetes.

The investigators will use survey data to evaluate mean change in motivation level to prevent diabetes between baseline and 3-months. The Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire (TSRQ) was included in the survey and respondents were asked about their level of motivation from 1 (Not at all motivated) to 10 (Highly motivated).

The investigators will use survey data to evaluate mean changes in level of importance of preventing diabetes from baseline to 3 months. The Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire (TSRQ) was included in the survey and respondents were asked about their level of perceived importance from 1 (Not at all important) to 10 (Extremely important).

The investigators will use medical record data and survey data to evaluate whether participants began the use of medication for T2DM prevention from baseline to 3 months.

The investigators will use survey data to evaluate mean changes in perception of risk for T2DM from baseline to 3 months. The Adriaanse T2DM Risk Perception Scale, which was included in the survey, measured self-assessed risk perception from 0 denoting no choice of developing T2DM to 100 denoting absolute confidence in developing T2DM

The investigators will use survey data to evaluate changes in knowledge of strategies to prevent Type 2 Diabetes between baseline and 3-month assessment. Respondents were given 3 open-ended questions to report things they could do to prevent diabetes. Each respective response to the 3 questions were coded and scored according to whether they indicated engagement in the following activities: weight loss, physical activity, use of metformin, or enrollment into a diabetes prevention program. Each question denoted with a positive response were coded with 1 whereas those that did not were coded as a 0. The three questions were summed into a final score ranging from 0 (no report of engagement in the aforementioned healthy activities) with the worst outcome to 3 (a report of 3 of the 4 aforementioned healthy activities) with the best outcome. The final scores were generated based on the mean difference between baseline and 3-month scores.

The investigators will use survey data to evaluate how many participants enrolled in weight-related wellness programs from baseline to 3 months.

The investigators will use survey data to evaluate changes in weight loss behaviors at the 3-month post intervention assessment.

The investigators will use survey data to evaluate changes in physical activity after the 3-month post intervention assessment. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form (IPAQ-SF) was used to measure physical activity change. Respondents were asked to report how many hours and minutes within the past week they completed of vigorous physical activity, moderate physical activity, and brisk walking. The total sum of minutes for these three questions were subsequently coded into a yes/no binary variable for whether respondents met a recommended 150 minutes of overall physical activity within 7 days of being assessed. The values provided reflect a proportion of respondents that met or exceeded the 150 minute threshold of overall physical activity based on the newly generated variable that combined total minutes of vigorous physical activity, moderate physical activity, and brisk walking.