Trial Outcomes & Findings for Investigation of the NMDA Antagonist Ketamine as a Treatment for Tinnitus (NCT NCT03336398)

NCT ID: NCT03336398

Last Updated: 2026-03-25

Results Overview

The GABA and Glutamate/Glutamine (Glx) peaks will be quantified as ratios (relative to water) and are obtained from the auditory cortex using 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS). Brain spectra containing GABA and Glutamate/Glutamine (Glx) resonances will be acquired of the auditory cortex using the volume-selective PRESS J-editing difference method. Data will be acquired from a voxel centered on Heschl's sulcus. The GABA and Glx peak areas will be quantified as ratios relative to the area of the unsuppressed voxel tissue water. The primary outcomes are GABA and GLX levels (relative to water) as they are obtained over time in frames reported as least squares mean with standard error. The first two frames serve as baseline measures, while frames 3 through 8 occur after the infusion over 40 minutes. This will be reported for saline and ketamine scans. An increase in GABA/water may correlate with tinnitus improvement, based on previous MRS studies showing low GABA/water in tinnitus.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE2

Target enrollment

42 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

GABA and GLX are binned into frames before and after the infusion. The pre-infusion frames (1 and 2) include about 12 minutes of data. The post-infusion frames occur over 40 minutes following the delivery of ketamine/saline (frames 3 through 8).

Results posted on

2026-03-25

Participant Flow

Participants recruited by advertisements and word of mouth.

All participants received saline and ketamine on separate days (the saline scan occurred first for all participants. The saline scan day provided a test-retest measure of GABA/Glx. On ketamine scan days, the MRS measures of GABA/Glx were obtained before and after the ketamine infusion. The subjective outcomes were obtained before are after each scan.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Participants With Tinnitus
Participants who experience tinnitus will receive both 0.5 mg/kg ketamine hydrochloride in saline and placebo, saline, with Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy scans and audiometry testing and scales. Ketamine Hydrochloride in saline: 0.5 mg/kg IV of ketamine hydrochloride in saline will be administered with one of the MRS Scan Saline: Saline will be administered with the other MRS scan
Overall Study
STARTED
42
Overall Study
Participants Receiving Ketamine
39
Overall Study
Participants Receiving Saline
41
Overall Study
COMPLETED
39
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
3

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Investigation of the NMDA Antagonist Ketamine as a Treatment for Tinnitus

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Participants With Tinnitus
n=42 Participants
Participants who experience tinnitus. This group will receive both 0.5 mg/kg ketamine hydrochloride in saline and placebo, saline, with Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy scans and audiometry testing and scales. Ketamine Hydrochloride in saline: 0.5 mg/kg IV of ketamine hydrochloride in saline will be administered with one of the MRS Scan Saline: Saline will be administered with the other MRS scan
Age, Continuous
43 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12 • n=138 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
18 Participants
n=138 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
24 Participants
n=138 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
1 Participants
n=138 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
4 Participants
n=138 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=138 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
4 Participants
n=138 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
30 Participants
n=138 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
2 Participants
n=138 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
1 Participants
n=138 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: GABA and GLX are binned into frames before and after the infusion. The pre-infusion frames (1 and 2) include about 12 minutes of data. The post-infusion frames occur over 40 minutes following the delivery of ketamine/saline (frames 3 through 8).

Population: participants who completed the MRS scans with ketamine

The GABA and Glutamate/Glutamine (Glx) peaks will be quantified as ratios (relative to water) and are obtained from the auditory cortex using 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS). Brain spectra containing GABA and Glutamate/Glutamine (Glx) resonances will be acquired of the auditory cortex using the volume-selective PRESS J-editing difference method. Data will be acquired from a voxel centered on Heschl's sulcus. The GABA and Glx peak areas will be quantified as ratios relative to the area of the unsuppressed voxel tissue water. The primary outcomes are GABA and GLX levels (relative to water) as they are obtained over time in frames reported as least squares mean with standard error. The first two frames serve as baseline measures, while frames 3 through 8 occur after the infusion over 40 minutes. This will be reported for saline and ketamine scans. An increase in GABA/water may correlate with tinnitus improvement, based on previous MRS studies showing low GABA/water in tinnitus.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Tinnitus Patients
n=39 Participants
Tinnitus patients with symptoms over 6 months duration. Data will be obtained before and after 0.5 mg/kg ketamine hydrochloride in saline with Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy scans and audiometry testing and scales.
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Saline scan GABA frame 7
2.10 Ratio
Standard Deviation 0.23
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
ketamine scan GABA frame 1
2.14 Ratio
Standard Deviation 0.21
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
ketamine scan GABA frame 7
2.13 Ratio
Standard Deviation 0.19
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
ketamine scan GLX frame 5
11.83 Ratio
Standard Deviation 1.28
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Saline scan GABA frame 5
2.05 Ratio
Standard Deviation 0.19
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Saline scan GABA frame 6
2.07 Ratio
Standard Deviation 0.26
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Saline scan GABA frame 8
2.05 Ratio
Standard Deviation 0.2
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
ketamine scan GABA frame 2
2.11 Ratio
Standard Deviation 0.21
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
ketamine scan GABA frame 3
2.07 Ratio
Standard Deviation 0.19
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
ketamine scan GABA frame 4
2.05 Ratio
Standard Deviation 0.19
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
ketamine scan GABA frame 5
2.12 Ratio
Standard Deviation 0.25
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
ketamine scan GABA frame 6
2.15 Ratio
Standard Deviation 0.24
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
ketamine scan GABA frame 8
2.11 Ratio
Standard Deviation 0.22
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Saline scan GLX frame 1
11.92 Ratio
Standard Deviation 1.01
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Saline scan GLX frame 2
11.84 Ratio
Standard Deviation 1.09
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Saline scan GLX frame 3
11.83 Ratio
Standard Deviation 1.38
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Saline scan GLX frame 4
11.84 Ratio
Standard Deviation 1.34
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Saline scan GLX frame 5
11.84 Ratio
Standard Deviation 1.34
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Saline scan GLX frame 6
11.91 Ratio
Standard Deviation 1.28
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Saline scan GLX frame 7
11.80 Ratio
Standard Deviation 1.38
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Saline scan GLX frame 8
11.77 Ratio
Standard Deviation 1.55
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
ketamine scan GLX frame 1
11.90 Ratio
Standard Deviation 0.79
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
ketamine scan GLX frame 2
11.78 Ratio
Standard Deviation 0.87
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
ketamine scan GLX frame 3
11.72 Ratio
Standard Deviation 0.84
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
ketamine scan GLX frame 4
11.83 Ratio
Standard Deviation 1.09
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
ketamine scan GLX frame 6
11.58 Ratio
Standard Deviation 1.40
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
ketamine scan GLX frame 7
11.56 Ratio
Standard Deviation 1.47
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
ketamine scan GLX frame 8
11.53 Ratio
Standard Deviation 1.35
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Saline scan GABA frame 1
2.11 Ratio
Standard Deviation 0.19
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Saline scan GABA frame 2
2.12 Ratio
Standard Deviation 0.22
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Saline scan GABA frame 3
2.09 Ratio
Standard Deviation 0.21
GABA and Glutamate (Glx) Levels in the Auditory Cortex Derived From 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Saline scan GABA frame 4
2.03 Ratio
Standard Deviation 0.16

Adverse Events

Tinnitus Patients Ketamine Scan Day

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 3 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Tinnitus Patients Saline Scan Day

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 1 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Tinnitus Patients Ketamine Scan Day
n=42 participants at risk
This group will receive both 0.5 mg/kg ketamine hydrochloride in saline and placebo, saline, with Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy scans and audiometry testing and scales. Ketamine Hydrochloride in saline: 0.5 mg/kg IV of ketamine hydrochloride in saline will be administered with one of the MRS Scan
Tinnitus Patients Saline Scan Day
n=42 participants at risk
This group will receive both 0.5 mg/kg ketamine hydrochloride in saline and placebo, saline, with Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy scans and audiometry testing and scales. Saline will be administered with one of the MRS Scan
Nervous system disorders
dizziness
7.1%
3/42 • Number of events 3 • Duration of study (2-4 weeks)
Participants were asked about adverse events.
2.4%
1/42 • Number of events 1 • Duration of study (2-4 weeks)
Participants were asked about adverse events.

Additional Information

Diana Martinez

NYPInstitute

Phone: 646-774-6160

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place