Trial Outcomes & Findings for Autoantibody Reduction for Acute Exacerbations of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (NCT NCT03286556)

NCT ID: NCT03286556

Last Updated: 2026-02-24

Results Overview

Actuarial survival

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE2

Target enrollment

82 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

6 months

Results posted on

2026-02-24

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Autoantibody Reductive Therapy
Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE) consisting of 1x estimated plasma volume exchanges for 3 successive days (1-3) and then, after a one day interval to enable equilibration of autoantibodies between intra- and extra-vascular spaces, again on days 5, 6, 9, 11, 13, and 15. Rituximab: One gm i.v. will be administered on day 6 and day 15 after completion of the TPE on those days. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG): 0.5 gm/kg/day i.v. on days 16-19 All subjects in this trial, including patients in this arm, will receive identical empiric antibiotics and steroids. The steroid dose is: Prednisone 60 mg (p.o.) on day 1, followed by 20 mg/day on days 2-5, 7-14, and 16-19 (or the i.v. methylprednisolone equivalent). Methylprednisolone 100 mg i.v. will be administered on days 6 and 15, as a premedication prior to the rituximab. Autoantibody Reductive Therapy: TPE x 9, rituximab x 2, IVIG x 4. See arm/group descriptions for additional details.
Treatment as Usual (TAU)
The same steroid regimen as described for the experimental arm, i.e., prednisone 60 mg (p.o.) on day 1, followed by 20 mg/day on days 2-5, 7-14, and 16-19 (or the i.v. methylprednisolone equivalent), and methylprednisolone 100 mg i.v. administered on days 6 and 15, as well as empiric antibiotics. Treatment as Usual (TAU): Antibiotics and steroids
Overall Study
STARTED
33
18
Overall Study
COMPLETED
31
18
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
2
0

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Autoantibody Reductive Therapy
Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE) consisting of 1x estimated plasma volume exchanges for 3 successive days (1-3) and then, after a one day interval to enable equilibration of autoantibodies between intra- and extra-vascular spaces, again on days 5, 6, 9, 11, 13, and 15. Rituximab: One gm i.v. will be administered on day 6 and day 15 after completion of the TPE on those days. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG): 0.5 gm/kg/day i.v. on days 16-19 All subjects in this trial, including patients in this arm, will receive identical empiric antibiotics and steroids. The steroid dose is: Prednisone 60 mg (p.o.) on day 1, followed by 20 mg/day on days 2-5, 7-14, and 16-19 (or the i.v. methylprednisolone equivalent). Methylprednisolone 100 mg i.v. will be administered on days 6 and 15, as a premedication prior to the rituximab. Autoantibody Reductive Therapy: TPE x 9, rituximab x 2, IVIG x 4. See arm/group descriptions for additional details.
Treatment as Usual (TAU)
The same steroid regimen as described for the experimental arm, i.e., prednisone 60 mg (p.o.) on day 1, followed by 20 mg/day on days 2-5, 7-14, and 16-19 (or the i.v. methylprednisolone equivalent), and methylprednisolone 100 mg i.v. administered on days 6 and 15, as well as empiric antibiotics. Treatment as Usual (TAU): Antibiotics and steroids
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
1
0
Overall Study
Lost to Follow-up
1
0

Baseline Characteristics

Autoantibody Reduction for Acute Exacerbations of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Autoantibody Reductive Therapy
n=33 Participants
Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE) consisting of 1x estimated plasma volume exchanges for 3 successive days (1-3) and then, after a one day interval to enable equilibration of autoantibodies between intra- and extra-vascular spaces, again on days 5, 6, 9, 11, 13, and 15. Rituximab: One gm i.v. will be administered on day 6 and day 15 after completion of the TPE on those days. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG): 0.5 gm/kg/day i.v. on days 16-19 All subjects in this trial, including patients in this arm, will receive identical empiric antibiotics and steroids. The steroid dose is: Prednisone 60 mg (p.o.) on day 1, followed by 20 mg/day on days 2-5, 7-14, and 16-19 (or the i.v. methylprednisolone equivalent). Methylprednisolone 100 mg i.v. will be administered on days 6 and 15, as a premedication prior to the rituximab. Autoantibody Reductive Therapy: TPE x 9, rituximab x 2, IVIG x 4. See arm/group descriptions for additional details.
Treatment as Usual (TAU)
n=18 Participants
The same steroid regimen as described for the experimental arm, i.e., prednisone 60 mg (p.o.) on day 1, followed by 20 mg/day on days 2-5, 7-14, and 16-19 (or the i.v. methylprednisolone equivalent), and methylprednisolone 100 mg i.v. administered on days 6 and 15, as well as empiric antibiotics. Treatment as Usual (TAU): Antibiotics and steroids
Total
n=51 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
0 Participants
n=58 Participants
0 Participants
0 Participants
n=1 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
0 Participants
n=58 Participants
0 Participants
0 Participants
n=1 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
33 Participants
n=58 Participants
18 Participants
51 Participants
n=1 Participants
Age, Continuous
70 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7 • n=58 Participants
70 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8
70 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7 • n=1 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
13 Participants
n=58 Participants
2 Participants
15 Participants
n=1 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
20 Participants
n=58 Participants
16 Participants
36 Participants
n=1 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
1 Participants
n=58 Participants
0 Participants
1 Participants
n=1 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
31 Participants
n=58 Participants
18 Participants
49 Participants
n=1 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
1 Participants
n=58 Participants
0 Participants
1 Participants
n=1 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=58 Participants
0 Participants
0 Participants
n=1 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants
n=58 Participants
1 Participants
1 Participants
n=1 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=58 Participants
0 Participants
0 Participants
n=1 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
1 Participants
n=58 Participants
0 Participants
1 Participants
n=1 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
32 Participants
n=58 Participants
17 Participants
49 Participants
n=1 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=58 Participants
0 Participants
0 Participants
n=1 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=58 Participants
0 Participants
0 Participants
n=1 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
33 participants
n=58 Participants
18 participants
51 participants
n=1 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Actuarial survival

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Autoantibody Reductive Therapy
n=33 Participants
Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE) consisting of 1x estimated plasma volume exchanges for 3 successive days (1-3) and then, after a one day interval to enable equilibration of autoantibodies between intra- and extra-vascular spaces, again on days 5, 6, 9, 11, 13, and 15. Rituximab: One gm i.v. will be administered on day 6 and day 15 after completion of the TPE on those days. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG): 0.5 gm/kg/day i.v. on days 16-19 All subjects in this trial, including patients in this arm, will receive identical empiric antibiotics and steroids. The steroid dose is: Prednisone 60 mg (p.o.) on day 1, followed by 20 mg/day on days 2-5, 7-14, and 16-19 (or the i.v. methylprednisolone equivalent). Methylprednisolone 100 mg i.v. will be administered on days 6 and 15, as a premedication prior to the rituximab. Autoantibody Reductive Therapy: TPE x 9, rituximab x 2, IVIG x 4. See arm/group descriptions for additional details.
Treatment as Usual (TAU)
n=18 Participants
The same steroid regimen as described for the experimental arm, i.e., prednisone 60 mg (p.o.) on day 1, followed by 20 mg/day on days 2-5, 7-14, and 16-19 (or the i.v. methylprednisolone equivalent), and methylprednisolone 100 mg i.v. administered on days 6 and 15, as well as empiric antibiotics. Treatment as Usual (TAU): Antibiotics and steroids
%Survival
44 percentage of participants
Standard Error 9
7 percentage of participants
Standard Error 6

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: before and immediately after hospital treatment

Changes in amount of supplemental oxygen, as liters/min or % fractional inspired oxygen concentration, required to maintain arterial oxygen concentration (SaO2) \>/=93%

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Autoantibody Reductive Therapy
n=33 Participants
Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE) consisting of 1x estimated plasma volume exchanges for 3 successive days (1-3) and then, after a one day interval to enable equilibration of autoantibodies between intra- and extra-vascular spaces, again on days 5, 6, 9, 11, 13, and 15. Rituximab: One gm i.v. will be administered on day 6 and day 15 after completion of the TPE on those days. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG): 0.5 gm/kg/day i.v. on days 16-19 All subjects in this trial, including patients in this arm, will receive identical empiric antibiotics and steroids. The steroid dose is: Prednisone 60 mg (p.o.) on day 1, followed by 20 mg/day on days 2-5, 7-14, and 16-19 (or the i.v. methylprednisolone equivalent). Methylprednisolone 100 mg i.v. will be administered on days 6 and 15, as a premedication prior to the rituximab. Autoantibody Reductive Therapy: TPE x 9, rituximab x 2, IVIG x 4. See arm/group descriptions for additional details.
Treatment as Usual (TAU)
n=18 Participants
The same steroid regimen as described for the experimental arm, i.e., prednisone 60 mg (p.o.) on day 1, followed by 20 mg/day on days 2-5, 7-14, and 16-19 (or the i.v. methylprednisolone equivalent), and methylprednisolone 100 mg i.v. administered on days 6 and 15, as well as empiric antibiotics. Treatment as Usual (TAU): Antibiotics and steroids
Percentage of Participants With a Change in Oxygen Requirements to Maintain Adequate SaO2
50 % participants with O2 reductions
22 % participants with O2 reductions

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

6 minute walk distance using standardized American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society (ATS/ERS) protocols.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Autoantibody Reductive Therapy
n=33 Participants
Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE) consisting of 1x estimated plasma volume exchanges for 3 successive days (1-3) and then, after a one day interval to enable equilibration of autoantibodies between intra- and extra-vascular spaces, again on days 5, 6, 9, 11, 13, and 15. Rituximab: One gm i.v. will be administered on day 6 and day 15 after completion of the TPE on those days. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG): 0.5 gm/kg/day i.v. on days 16-19 All subjects in this trial, including patients in this arm, will receive identical empiric antibiotics and steroids. The steroid dose is: Prednisone 60 mg (p.o.) on day 1, followed by 20 mg/day on days 2-5, 7-14, and 16-19 (or the i.v. methylprednisolone equivalent). Methylprednisolone 100 mg i.v. will be administered on days 6 and 15, as a premedication prior to the rituximab. Autoantibody Reductive Therapy: TPE x 9, rituximab x 2, IVIG x 4. See arm/group descriptions for additional details.
Treatment as Usual (TAU)
n=18 Participants
The same steroid regimen as described for the experimental arm, i.e., prednisone 60 mg (p.o.) on day 1, followed by 20 mg/day on days 2-5, 7-14, and 16-19 (or the i.v. methylprednisolone equivalent), and methylprednisolone 100 mg i.v. administered on days 6 and 15, as well as empiric antibiotics. Treatment as Usual (TAU): Antibiotics and steroids
Walk Distance
245 feet
Standard Deviation 347
133 feet
Standard Deviation 216

Adverse Events

Autoantibody Reductive Therapy

Serious events: 5 serious events
Other events: 6 other events
Deaths: 18 deaths

Treatment as Usual (TAU)

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 2 other events
Deaths: 16 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
Autoantibody Reductive Therapy
n=33 participants at risk
Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE) consisting of 1x estimated plasma volume exchanges for 3 successive days (1-3) and then, after a one day interval to enable equilibration of autoantibodies between intra- and extra-vascular spaces, again on days 5, 6, 9, 11, 13, and 15. Rituximab: One gm i.v. will be administered on day 6 and day 15 after completion of the TPE on those days. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG): 0.5 gm/kg/day i.v. on days 16-19 All subjects in this trial, including patients in this arm, will receive identical empiric antibiotics and steroids. The steroid dose is: Prednisone 60 mg (p.o.) on day 1, followed by 20 mg/day on days 2-5, 7-14, and 16-19 (or the i.v. methylprednisolone equivalent). Methylprednisolone 100 mg i.v. will be administered on days 6 and 15, as a premedication prior to the rituximab. Autoantibody Reductive Therapy: TPE x 9, rituximab x 2, IVIG x 4. See arm/group descriptions for additional details.
Treatment as Usual (TAU)
n=18 participants at risk
The same steroid regimen as described for the experimental arm, i.e., prednisone 60 mg (p.o.) on day 1, followed by 20 mg/day on days 2-5, 7-14, and 16-19 (or the i.v. methylprednisolone equivalent), and methylprednisolone 100 mg i.v. administered on days 6 and 15, as well as empiric antibiotics. Treatment as Usual (TAU): Antibiotics and steroids
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Hematoma at plasma exchange catheter site
3.0%
1/33 • Number of events 1 • 180 days
0.00%
0/18 • 180 days
Nervous system disorders
Transient ischemic attack
3.0%
1/33 • Number of events 1 • 180 days
0.00%
0/18 • 180 days
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Pulmonary Edema
3.0%
1/33 • Number of events 1 • 180 days
0.00%
0/18 • 180 days
Hepatobiliary disorders
Transaminitis
3.0%
1/33 • Number of events 1 • 180 days
0.00%
0/18 • 180 days
Nervous system disorders
Subcortical Cerebral Ischemia
3.0%
1/33 • Number of events 1 • 180 days
0.00%
0/18 • 180 days
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Drug Reaction
3.0%
1/33 • Number of events 1 • 180 days
0.00%
0/18 • 180 days

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Autoantibody Reductive Therapy
n=33 participants at risk
Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE) consisting of 1x estimated plasma volume exchanges for 3 successive days (1-3) and then, after a one day interval to enable equilibration of autoantibodies between intra- and extra-vascular spaces, again on days 5, 6, 9, 11, 13, and 15. Rituximab: One gm i.v. will be administered on day 6 and day 15 after completion of the TPE on those days. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG): 0.5 gm/kg/day i.v. on days 16-19 All subjects in this trial, including patients in this arm, will receive identical empiric antibiotics and steroids. The steroid dose is: Prednisone 60 mg (p.o.) on day 1, followed by 20 mg/day on days 2-5, 7-14, and 16-19 (or the i.v. methylprednisolone equivalent). Methylprednisolone 100 mg i.v. will be administered on days 6 and 15, as a premedication prior to the rituximab. Autoantibody Reductive Therapy: TPE x 9, rituximab x 2, IVIG x 4. See arm/group descriptions for additional details.
Treatment as Usual (TAU)
n=18 participants at risk
The same steroid regimen as described for the experimental arm, i.e., prednisone 60 mg (p.o.) on day 1, followed by 20 mg/day on days 2-5, 7-14, and 16-19 (or the i.v. methylprednisolone equivalent), and methylprednisolone 100 mg i.v. administered on days 6 and 15, as well as empiric antibiotics. Treatment as Usual (TAU): Antibiotics and steroids
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Leukocytosis
18.2%
6/33 • Number of events 6 • 180 days
11.1%
2/18 • Number of events 2 • 180 days
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Rash
12.1%
4/33 • Number of events 4 • 180 days
5.6%
1/18 • Number of events 1 • 180 days
Cardiac disorders
Hypotension
6.1%
2/33 • Number of events 2 • 180 days
5.6%
1/18 • Number of events 1 • 180 days
Nervous system disorders
Weakness
9.1%
3/33 • Number of events 3 • 180 days
0.00%
0/18 • 180 days

Additional Information

Steven R. Duncan MD

University of Alabama at Birmingham

Phone: 4122156977

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place