Trial Outcomes & Findings for Vaccination Education Through Pharmacists and Senior Centers (VEPSC) (NCT NCT03239665)
NCT ID: NCT03239665
Last Updated: 2020-07-01
Results Overview
Knowledge and awareness about the target vaccine-preventable diseases was assessed at each timepoint using the VEPSC Knowledge Instrument, a 3-section, 22-item instrument categorical response instrument. Scores consist of number of correct responses to the questions on the knowledge instrument, thus a higher score indicates better performance. Four scores are possible: three disease-specific subscores (one each for pneumonia, influenza, and zoster) and one total score (equaling the sum of the three disease-specific subscores). Possible score ranges are as follows: pneumonia 0-7; influenza 0-7; zoster 0-8; total 0-22. For each score type, pairwise score differences were calculated between all 3 timepoints (baseline, post-test, and one-month follow-up). Positive values indicate increased knowledge among participants; negative values indicate decreased knowledge.
Recruitment status
COMPLETED
Study phase
NA
Target enrollment
335 participants
Primary outcome timeframe
Measured at baseline (BL), immediately post-intervention (PT), and 1 month follow-up (1M)
Results posted on
2020-07-01
Participant Flow
Participant milestones
| Measure |
Pharmacist-led Intervention (PHARM)
In the PHARM intervention group, participants will be given a 60-minute formal presentation on vaccine-preventable diseases to address knowledge and beliefs related to zoster, pneumonia, and influenza and to address barriers to receiving vaccination. In several studies, it has been demonstrated that those who believe it is wise to receive vaccinations and those that have discussed vaccination with their healthcare provider are more likely to receive a vaccine.
Pharmacist-led Intervention (PHARM): 60 minute didactic lecture about vaccinations.
|
Peer-led Intervention (PEER)
A pharmacist will train the peer educators about vaccine-preventable diseases over the course of two didactic sessions. Following this training, a third session will be held to train the peer educators on the script that they will deliver to participants. The script will include the key learning points to be taught by the peer educators to participants about vaccine preventable diseases and vaccination. The script will also include role-play exercises. In the role-play exercises, 3 vaccination-related scenarios (one for each disease- zoster, pneumonia, and influenza) will be delivered to illustrate situations participants might encounter when interacting with healthcare providers or friends/family.
Peer-led Intervention (PEER): 60 minute peer led small group intervention including skits and other educational material
|
|---|---|---|
|
Overall Study
STARTED
|
175
|
160
|
|
Overall Study
Met Inclusion Criteria
|
150
|
144
|
|
Overall Study
Submitted Survey Data
|
147
|
140
|
|
Overall Study
COMPLETED
|
147
|
140
|
|
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
|
28
|
20
|
Reasons for withdrawal
Withdrawal data not reported
Baseline Characteristics
Vaccination Education Through Pharmacists and Senior Centers (VEPSC)
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
Pharmacist-led Intervention (PHARM)
n=147 Participants
In the PHARM intervention group, participants will be given a 60-minute formal presentation on vaccine-preventable diseases to address knowledge and beliefs related to zoster, pneumonia, and influenza and to address barriers to receiving vaccination. In several studies, it has been demonstrated that those who believe it is wise to receive vaccinations and those that have discussed vaccination with their healthcare provider are more likely to receive a vaccine.
Pharmacist-led Intervention (PHARM): 60 minute didactic lecture about vaccinations.
|
Peer-led Intervention (PEER)
n=140 Participants
A pharmacist will train the peer educators about vaccine-preventable diseases over the course of two didactic sessions. Following this training, a third session will be held to train the peer educators on the script that they will deliver to participants. The script will include the key learning points to be taught by the peer educators to participants about vaccine preventable diseases and vaccination. The script will also include role-play exercises. In the role-play exercises, 3 vaccination-related scenarios (one for each disease- zoster, pneumonia, and influenza) will be delivered to illustrate situations participants might encounter when interacting with healthcare providers or friends/family.
Peer-led Intervention (PEER): 60 minute peer led small group intervention including skits and other educational material
|
Total
n=287 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Age, Continuous
|
75.2 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.17 • n=99 Participants
|
73.9 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.67 • n=107 Participants
|
74.5 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.94 • n=206 Participants
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Female
|
118 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
113 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
231 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Male
|
25 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
26 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
51 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
I prefer not to answer / No response
|
4 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
5 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Black
|
68 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
115 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
183 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
White
|
61 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
16 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
77 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Asian
|
7 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
8 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Latino
|
0 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Other
|
5 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
7 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
I don't know / Not sure
|
1 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
I prefer not to answer / No response
|
5 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
8 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Region of Enrollment
United States
|
147 participants
n=99 Participants
|
140 participants
n=107 Participants
|
287 participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Highest degree of education achieved
High school graduate or GED
|
61 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
55 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
116 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Highest degree of education achieved
Some college or vocational school
|
35 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
41 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
76 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Highest degree of education achieved
College graduate
|
30 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
32 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
62 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Highest degree of education achieved
I prefer not to answer / No response
|
21 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
12 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
33 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Marital Status
Never married
|
26 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
22 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
48 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Marital Status
Married or living as married
|
21 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
25 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
46 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Marital Status
Widowed, not currently married
|
62 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
49 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
111 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Marital Status
Divorced, not currently married
|
25 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
29 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
54 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Marital Status
Separated
|
6 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
10 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
16 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Marital Status
I don't know / Not sure
|
1 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Marital Status
I prefer not to answer / No response
|
6 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
5 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
11 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Difficulty paying for basic necessities
Not difficult at all
|
57 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
61 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
118 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Difficulty paying for basic necessities
Not very difficult
|
33 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
31 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
64 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Difficulty paying for basic necessities
Somewhat difficult
|
31 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
29 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
60 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Difficulty paying for basic necessities
Very difficult
|
8 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
11 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
19 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Difficulty paying for basic necessities
I don't know / not sure
|
3 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
5 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Difficulty paying for basic necessities
I prefer not to answer / No response
|
15 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
6 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
21 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Baseline Knowledge Scores
Total Knowledge Score (number correct out of 22)
|
11.6 Scores on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.80 • n=99 Participants
|
12.0 Scores on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.82 • n=107 Participants
|
11.8 Scores on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.81 • n=206 Participants
|
|
Baseline Knowledge Scores
Zoster Knowledge Score (number correct out of 8)
|
3.8 Scores on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.99 • n=99 Participants
|
3.9 Scores on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.96 • n=107 Participants
|
3.85 Scores on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.97 • n=206 Participants
|
|
Baseline Knowledge Scores
Pneumonia Knowledge Score (# correct out of 7)
|
3.1 Scores on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.03 • n=99 Participants
|
3.4 Scores on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.05 • n=107 Participants
|
3.3 Scores on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.04 • n=206 Participants
|
|
Baseline Knowledge Scores
Influenza Knowledge Score (# correct out of 7)
|
4.8 Scores on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.69 • n=99 Participants
|
4.8 Scores on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.63 • n=107 Participants
|
4.8 Scores on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.66 • n=206 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Measured at baseline (BL), immediately post-intervention (PT), and 1 month follow-up (1M)Knowledge and awareness about the target vaccine-preventable diseases was assessed at each timepoint using the VEPSC Knowledge Instrument, a 3-section, 22-item instrument categorical response instrument. Scores consist of number of correct responses to the questions on the knowledge instrument, thus a higher score indicates better performance. Four scores are possible: three disease-specific subscores (one each for pneumonia, influenza, and zoster) and one total score (equaling the sum of the three disease-specific subscores). Possible score ranges are as follows: pneumonia 0-7; influenza 0-7; zoster 0-8; total 0-22. For each score type, pairwise score differences were calculated between all 3 timepoints (baseline, post-test, and one-month follow-up). Positive values indicate increased knowledge among participants; negative values indicate decreased knowledge.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Pharmacist-led Intervention (PHARM)
n=147 Participants
In the PHARM intervention group, participants will be given a 60-minute formal presentation on vaccine-preventable diseases to address knowledge and beliefs related to zoster, pneumonia, and influenza and to address barriers to receiving vaccination. In several studies, it has been demonstrated that those who believe it is wise to receive vaccinations and those that have discussed vaccination with their healthcare provider are more likely to receive a vaccine.
Pharmacist-led Intervention (PHARM): 60 minute didactic lecture about vaccinations.
|
Peer-led Intervention (PEER)
n=140 Participants
A pharmacist will train the peer educators about vaccine-preventable diseases over the course of two didactic sessions. Following this training, a third session will be held to train the peer educators on the script that they will deliver to participants. The script will include the key learning points to be taught by the peer educators to participants about vaccine preventable diseases and vaccination. The script will also include role-play exercises. In the role-play exercises, 3 vaccination-related scenarios (one for each disease- zoster, pneumonia, and influenza) will be delivered to illustrate situations participants might encounter when interacting with healthcare providers or friends/family.
Peer-led Intervention (PEER): 60 minute peer led small group intervention including skits and other educational material
|
|---|---|---|
|
Mean Change in Knowledge and Awareness About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases
Baseline to Post Test score change - Total
|
3.5 Scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.03
|
4.9 Scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.25
|
|
Mean Change in Knowledge and Awareness About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases
Baseline to Post Test score change - Zoster
|
1.3 Scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.85
|
1.8 Scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.86
|
|
Mean Change in Knowledge and Awareness About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases
Baseline to Post Test score change - Pneumonia
|
1.5 Scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.89
|
1.9 Scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.97
|
|
Mean Change in Knowledge and Awareness About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases
Baseline to Post Test change - Influenza
|
0.5 Scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.38
|
1.1 Scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.58
|
|
Mean Change in Knowledge and Awareness About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases
Baseline to 1 month follow up change - Total
|
3.4 Scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.22
|
4.3 Scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.82
|
|
Mean Change in Knowledge and Awareness About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases
Baseline to 1 month follow up change - Zoster
|
1.3 Scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.97
|
1.5 Scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.04
|
|
Mean Change in Knowledge and Awareness About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases
Baseline to 1 month follow up change - Pneumonia
|
1.5 Scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.83
|
1.5 Scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.22
|
|
Mean Change in Knowledge and Awareness About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases
Baseline to 1 month follow up change - Influenza
|
0.5 Scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.49
|
1.2 Scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.83
|
|
Mean Change in Knowledge and Awareness About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases
Post test to 1 month follow up change - Total
|
-0.15 Scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.26
|
-0.6 Scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.51
|
|
Mean Change in Knowledge and Awareness About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases
Post test to 1 month follow up change - Zoster
|
-0.03 Scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.90
|
-0.2 Scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.46
|
|
Mean Change in Knowledge and Awareness About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases
Post test to 1 month follow up change - Pneumonia
|
-0.09 Scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.94
|
-0.4 Scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.76
|
|
Mean Change in Knowledge and Awareness About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases
Post test to 1 month follow up change - Influenza
|
-0.03 Scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.89
|
0.04 Scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.6973
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Measured at baseline (BL), immediately post-intervention (PT), and 1 month follow-up (1M)Beliefs about vaccine-preventable diseases and vaccination were assessed via agreement with 5 statements scored on a 4-point Likert scale (1-Completely disagree, 2-Somewhat disagree, 3-Somewhat agree, 4-Completely agree) at each timepoint. The changes in beliefs between baseline, post-intervention, and the one-month follow-up were assessed in both PHARM and PEER groups. Pairwise Wilcoxon Signed-Rank tests were run comparing within-group changes in beliefs across timepoints and applying the Bonferroni correction (α=0.05/3=0.0167).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Pharmacist-led Intervention (PHARM)
n=147 Participants
In the PHARM intervention group, participants will be given a 60-minute formal presentation on vaccine-preventable diseases to address knowledge and beliefs related to zoster, pneumonia, and influenza and to address barriers to receiving vaccination. In several studies, it has been demonstrated that those who believe it is wise to receive vaccinations and those that have discussed vaccination with their healthcare provider are more likely to receive a vaccine.
Pharmacist-led Intervention (PHARM): 60 minute didactic lecture about vaccinations.
|
Peer-led Intervention (PEER)
n=140 Participants
A pharmacist will train the peer educators about vaccine-preventable diseases over the course of two didactic sessions. Following this training, a third session will be held to train the peer educators on the script that they will deliver to participants. The script will include the key learning points to be taught by the peer educators to participants about vaccine preventable diseases and vaccination. The script will also include role-play exercises. In the role-play exercises, 3 vaccination-related scenarios (one for each disease- zoster, pneumonia, and influenza) will be delivered to illustrate situations participants might encounter when interacting with healthcare providers or friends/family.
Peer-led Intervention (PEER): 60 minute peer led small group intervention including skits and other educational material
|
|---|---|---|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in doctors as vaccine info source (BL to 1M) · No response
|
12 Participants
|
8 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in doctors as vaccine info source (BL to PT) · Slightly decreased agreement (1-point decrease)
|
6 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in doctors as vaccine info source (BL to PT) · No change in agreement
|
117 Participants
|
102 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in doctors as vaccine info source (BL to PT) · Slightly improved agreement (1-point increase)
|
10 Participants
|
19 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in doctors as vaccine info source (BL to PT) · Somewhat improved agreement (2-point increase)
|
2 Participants
|
3 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in doctors as vaccine info source (BL to PT) · Strongly improved agreement (3-point increase)
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in doctors as vaccine info source (BL to PT) · No response
|
12 Participants
|
8 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in doctors as vaccine info source (BL to 1M) · Strongly decreased agreement (3-point decrease)
|
1 Participants
|
1 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in doctors as vaccine info source (BL to 1M) · Somewhat decreased agreement (2-point decrease)
|
0 Participants
|
2 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in doctors as vaccine info source (BL to 1M) · Slightly decreased agreement (1-point decrease)
|
10 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in doctors as vaccine info source (BL to 1M) · No change in agreement
|
112 Participants
|
98 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in doctors as vaccine info source (BL to 1M) · Slightly improved agreement (1-point increase)
|
10 Participants
|
20 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in doctors as vaccine info source (BL to 1M) · Somewhat improved agreement (2-point increase)
|
2 Participants
|
6 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in doctors as vaccine info source (BL to 1M) · Strongly improved agreement (3-point increase)
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in doctors as vaccine info source (PT to 1M) · Strongly decreased agreement (3-point decrease)
|
1 Participants
|
3 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in doctors as vaccine info source (PT to 1M) · Somewhat decreased agreement (2-point decrease)
|
1 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in doctors as vaccine info source (PT to 1M) · Slightly decreased agreement (1-point decrease)
|
4 Participants
|
6 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in doctors as vaccine info source (PT to 1M) · No change in agreement
|
137 Participants
|
115 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in doctors as vaccine info source (PT to 1M) · Slightly improved agreement (1-point increase)
|
2 Participants
|
10 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in doctors as vaccine info source (PT to 1M) · Somewhat improved agreement (2-point increase)
|
0 Participants
|
4 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in doctors as vaccine info source (PT to 1M) · Strongly improved agreement (3-point increase)
|
0 Participants
|
1 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in doctors as vaccine info source (PT to 1M) · No response
|
2 Participants
|
1 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in pharmacists for vaccine info (BL to PT) · Strongly decreased agreement (3-point decrease)
|
2 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in pharmacists for vaccine info (BL to PT) · Somewhat decreased agreement (2-point decrease)
|
1 Participants
|
1 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in pharmacists for vaccine info (BL to PT) · Slightly decreased agreement (1-point decrease)
|
4 Participants
|
11 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in pharmacists for vaccine info (BL to PT) · No change in agreement
|
112 Participants
|
96 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in pharmacists for vaccine info (BL to PT) · Slightly improved agreement (1-point increase)
|
12 Participants
|
21 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in pharmacists for vaccine info (BL to PT) · Somewhat improved agreement (2-point increase)
|
0 Participants
|
3 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in pharmacists for vaccine info (BL to PT) · Strongly improved agreement (3-point increase)
|
1 Participants
|
1 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in pharmacists for vaccine info (BL to PT) · No response
|
15 Participants
|
7 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in pharmacists for vaccine info (BL to 1M) · Strongly decreased agreement (3-point decrease)
|
3 Participants
|
1 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in pharmacists for vaccine info (BL to 1M) · Somewhat decreased agreement (2-point decrease)
|
3 Participants
|
2 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in pharmacists for vaccine info (BL to 1M) · Slightly decreased agreement (1-point decrease)
|
13 Participants
|
14 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in pharmacists for vaccine info (BL to 1M) · No change in agreement
|
99 Participants
|
84 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in pharmacists for vaccine info (BL to 1M) · Slightly improved agreement (1-point increase)
|
12 Participants
|
28 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in pharmacists for vaccine info (BL to 1M) · Somewhat improved agreement (2-point increase)
|
0 Participants
|
4 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in pharmacists for vaccine info (BL to 1M) · Strongly improved agreement (3-point increase)
|
2 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in pharmacists for vaccine info (BL to 1M) · No response
|
15 Participants
|
7 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in pharmacists for vaccine info (PT to 1M) · Strongly decreased agreement (3-point decrease)
|
1 Participants
|
4 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in pharmacists for vaccine info (PT to 1M) · Somewhat decreased agreement (2-point decrease)
|
4 Participants
|
2 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in pharmacists for vaccine info (PT to 1M) · Slightly decreased agreement (1-point decrease)
|
7 Participants
|
13 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in pharmacists for vaccine info (PT to 1M) · No change in agreement
|
129 Participants
|
98 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in pharmacists for vaccine info (PT to 1M) · Slightly improved agreement (1-point increase)
|
3 Participants
|
19 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in pharmacists for vaccine info (PT to 1M) · Somewhat improved agreement (2-point increase)
|
0 Participants
|
1 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in pharmacists for vaccine info (PT to 1M) · Strongly improved agreement (3-point increase)
|
1 Participants
|
1 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in pharmacists for vaccine info (PT to 1M) · No response
|
2 Participants
|
2 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in peer educators for vaccine info(BL to PT) · Strongly decreased agreement (3-point decrease)
|
2 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in peer educators for vaccine info(BL to PT) · Somewhat decreased agreement (2-point decrease)
|
5 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in peer educators for vaccine info(BL to PT) · Slightly decreased agreement (1-point decrease)
|
7 Participants
|
12 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in peer educators for vaccine info(BL to PT) · No change in agreement
|
86 Participants
|
77 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in peer educators for vaccine info(BL to PT) · Slightly improved agreement (1-point increase)
|
19 Participants
|
27 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in peer educators for vaccine info(BL to PT) · Somewhat improved agreement (2-point increase)
|
2 Participants
|
3 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in peer educators for vaccine info(BL to PT) · Strongly improved agreement (3-point increase)
|
3 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in peer educators for vaccine info(BL to PT) · No response
|
23 Participants
|
16 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in peer educators for vaccine info(BL to 1M) · Strongly decreased agreement (3-point decrease)
|
0 Participants
|
3 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in peer educators for vaccine info(BL to 1M) · Somewhat decreased agreement (2-point decrease)
|
11 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in peer educators for vaccine info(BL to 1M) · Slightly decreased agreement (1-point decrease)
|
12 Participants
|
11 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in peer educators for vaccine info(BL to 1M) · No change in agreement
|
74 Participants
|
55 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in peer educators for vaccine info(BL to 1M) · Slightly improved agreement (1-point increase)
|
19 Participants
|
37 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in peer educators for vaccine info(BL to 1M) · Somewhat improved agreement (2-point increase)
|
4 Participants
|
7 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in peer educators for vaccine info(BL to 1M) · Strongly improved agreement (3-point increase)
|
4 Participants
|
6 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in peer educators for vaccine info(BL to 1M) · No response
|
23 Participants
|
16 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in peer educators for vaccine info(PT to 1M) · Strongly decreased agreement (3-point decrease)
|
2 Participants
|
4 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in peer educators for vaccine info(PT to 1M) · Somewhat decreased agreement (2-point decrease)
|
7 Participants
|
9 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in peer educators for vaccine info(PT to 1M) · Slightly decreased agreement (1-point decrease)
|
7 Participants
|
10 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in peer educators for vaccine info(PT to 1M) · No change in agreement
|
114 Participants
|
73 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in peer educators for vaccine info(PT to 1M) · Slightly improved agreement (1-point increase)
|
4 Participants
|
19 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in peer educators for vaccine info(PT to 1M) · Somewhat improved agreement (2-point increase)
|
2 Participants
|
9 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in peer educators for vaccine info(PT to 1M) · Strongly improved agreement (3-point increase)
|
5 Participants
|
9 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in peer educators for vaccine info(PT to 1M) · No response
|
6 Participants
|
7 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccinations are important for health (BL to PT) · Strongly decreased agreement (3-point decrease)
|
1 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccinations are important for health (BL to PT) · Somewhat decreased agreement (2-point decrease)
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccinations are important for health (BL to PT) · Slightly decreased agreement (1-point decrease)
|
3 Participants
|
1 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccinations are important for health (BL to PT) · Slightly improved agreement (1-point increase)
|
19 Participants
|
27 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccinations are important for health (BL to PT) · Somewhat improved agreement (2-point increase)
|
2 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccinations are important for health (BL to PT) · No change in agreement
|
108 Participants
|
97 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccinations are important for health (BL to PT) · Strongly improved agreement (3-point increase)
|
0 Participants
|
2 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccinations are important for health (BL to PT) · No response
|
14 Participants
|
8 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccinations are important for health (BL to 1M) · Strongly decreased agreement (3-point decrease)
|
1 Participants
|
1 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccinations are important for health (BL to 1M) · Somewhat decreased agreement (2-point decrease)
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccinations are important for health (BL to 1M) · Slightly decreased agreement (1-point decrease)
|
4 Participants
|
2 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccinations are important for health (BL to 1M) · No change in agreement
|
107 Participants
|
94 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccinations are important for health (BL to 1M) · Slightly improved agreement (1-point increase)
|
19 Participants
|
28 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccinations are important for health (BL to 1M) · Somewhat improved agreement (2-point increase)
|
2 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccinations are important for health (BL to 1M) · Strongly improved agreement (3-point increase)
|
0 Participants
|
2 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccinations are important for health (BL to 1M) · No response
|
14 Participants
|
8 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccinations are important for health (PT to 1M) · Strongly decreased agreement (3-point decrease)
|
0 Participants
|
2 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccinations are important for health (PT to 1M) · Somewhat decreased agreement (2-point decrease)
|
0 Participants
|
1 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccinations are important for health (PT to 1M) · Slightly decreased agreement (1-point decrease)
|
3 Participants
|
6 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccinations are important for health (PT to 1M) · No change in agreement
|
139 Participants
|
122 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccinations are important for health (PT to 1M) · Slightly improved agreement (1-point increase)
|
2 Participants
|
8 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccinations are important for health (PT to 1M) · Somewhat improved agreement (2-point increase)
|
0 Participants
|
1 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccinations are important for health (PT to 1M) · Strongly improved agreement (3-point increase)
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccinations are important for health (PT to 1M) · No response
|
3 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccines are harmful to health (BL to PT) · Strongly decreased agreement (3-point decrease)
|
3 Participants
|
7 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccines are harmful to health (BL to PT) · Somewhat decreased agreement (2-point decrease)
|
7 Participants
|
13 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccines are harmful to health (BL to PT) · Slightly decreased agreement (1-point decrease)
|
9 Participants
|
12 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccines are harmful to health (BL to PT) · No change in agreement
|
79 Participants
|
53 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccines are harmful to health (BL to PT) · Slightly improved agreement (1-point increase)
|
4 Participants
|
7 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccines are harmful to health (BL to PT) · Somewhat improved agreement (2-point increase)
|
3 Participants
|
1 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccines are harmful to health (BL to PT) · Strongly improved agreement (3-point increase)
|
2 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccines are harmful to health (BL to PT) · No response
|
40 Participants
|
47 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccines are harmful to health (BL to 1M) · Strongly decreased agreement (3-point decrease)
|
3 Participants
|
6 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccines are harmful to health (BL to 1M) · Somewhat decreased agreement (2-point decrease)
|
7 Participants
|
13 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccines are harmful to health (BL to 1M) · Slightly decreased agreement (1-point decrease)
|
12 Participants
|
21 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccines are harmful to health (BL to 1M) · No change in agreement
|
70 Participants
|
38 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccines are harmful to health (BL to 1M) · Slightly improved agreement (1-point increase)
|
6 Participants
|
11 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccines are harmful to health (BL to 1M) · Somewhat improved agreement (2-point increase)
|
7 Participants
|
3 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccines are harmful to health (BL to 1M) · Strongly improved agreement (3-point increase)
|
2 Participants
|
1 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccines are harmful to health (BL to 1M) · No response
|
40 Participants
|
47 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccines are harmful to health (PT to 1M) · Strongly decreased agreement (3-point decrease)
|
2 Participants
|
3 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccines are harmful to health (PT to 1M) · Somewhat decreased agreement (2-point decrease)
|
2 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccines are harmful to health (PT to 1M) · Slightly decreased agreement (1-point decrease)
|
6 Participants
|
10 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccines are harmful to health (PT to 1M) · No change in agreement
|
111 Participants
|
83 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccines are harmful to health (PT to 1M) · Slightly improved agreement (1-point increase)
|
9 Participants
|
15 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccines are harmful to health (PT to 1M) · Somewhat improved agreement (2-point increase)
|
6 Participants
|
8 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccines are harmful to health (PT to 1M) · Strongly improved agreement (3-point increase)
|
1 Participants
|
2 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Vaccines are harmful to health (PT to 1M) · No response
|
10 Participants
|
14 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in doctors as vaccine info source (BL to PT) · Strongly decreased agreement (3-point decrease)
|
0 Participants
|
1 Participants
|
|
Within-Group Changes in Beliefs About Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Vaccines
Trust in doctors as vaccine info source (BL to PT) · Somewhat decreased agreement (2-point decrease)
|
0 Participants
|
2 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Measured after completion of all programs in both groups (an average of one year).Measure the program costs of PHARM and PEER from the senior center perspective. Costs were measured in total for each group, and per-participant costs were calculated by dividing total group cost by group sample size. Outcome measure type is thus reported as "number" rather than choosing measures of central tendency and dispersion/precision (i.e., there are no standard deviations, confidence intervals, or ranges with this methodology).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Pharmacist-led Intervention (PHARM)
n=147 Participants
In the PHARM intervention group, participants will be given a 60-minute formal presentation on vaccine-preventable diseases to address knowledge and beliefs related to zoster, pneumonia, and influenza and to address barriers to receiving vaccination. In several studies, it has been demonstrated that those who believe it is wise to receive vaccinations and those that have discussed vaccination with their healthcare provider are more likely to receive a vaccine.
Pharmacist-led Intervention (PHARM): 60 minute didactic lecture about vaccinations.
|
Peer-led Intervention (PEER)
n=140 Participants
A pharmacist will train the peer educators about vaccine-preventable diseases over the course of two didactic sessions. Following this training, a third session will be held to train the peer educators on the script that they will deliver to participants. The script will include the key learning points to be taught by the peer educators to participants about vaccine preventable diseases and vaccination. The script will also include role-play exercises. In the role-play exercises, 3 vaccination-related scenarios (one for each disease- zoster, pneumonia, and influenza) will be delivered to illustrate situations participants might encounter when interacting with healthcare providers or friends/family.
Peer-led Intervention (PEER): 60 minute peer led small group intervention including skits and other educational material
|
|---|---|---|
|
Cost Analysis
Total cost in dollars
|
7392.94 Dollars
|
14887.45 Dollars
|
|
Cost Analysis
Total cost per participant
|
50.29 Dollars
|
106.34 Dollars
|
|
Cost Analysis
Total cost per session
|
1232.16 Dollars
|
1240.62 Dollars
|
|
Cost Analysis
Total senior center cost
|
2488.98 Dollars
|
5548.25 Dollars
|
|
Cost Analysis
Total senior center cost per participant
|
16.93 Dollars
|
39.63 Dollars
|
|
Cost Analysis
Staff cost (community health worker)
|
417.49 Dollars
|
1938.04 Dollars
|
|
Cost Analysis
Staff cost (PEER Leaders/Pharmacists)
|
1109.14 Dollars
|
1960.00 Dollars
|
|
Cost Analysis
Staff cost (Program Director)
|
327.33 Dollars
|
769.92 Dollars
|
|
Cost Analysis
Staff cost (Senior center director)
|
0 Dollars
|
281.24 Dollars
|
|
Cost Analysis
Total staff cost
|
1853.96 Dollars
|
4949.20 Dollars
|
|
Cost Analysis
Total staff cost per participant
|
12.61 Dollars
|
35.35 Dollars
|
|
Cost Analysis
Total staff cost per session
|
308.99 Dollars
|
412.43 Dollars
|
|
Cost Analysis
Travel costs
|
378.89 Dollars
|
342.92 Dollars
|
|
Cost Analysis
Space costs
|
1500 Dollars
|
3000 Dollars
|
|
Cost Analysis
Supplies cost
|
256.13 Dollars
|
256.13 Dollars
|
|
Cost Analysis
Refreshment costs
|
1550.00 Dollars
|
1390.00 Dollars
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Measured immediately post-intervention (PT) and at 1 month follow-up (1M)Satisfaction was assessed on the post-intervention and one-month follow-up surveys using two statements that were each scored on a 4-point Likert scale (1-Completely disagree, 2-Somewhat disagree, 3-Somewhat agree, 4-Completely agree). The statements were: 1) "The educational program kept me interested or engaged" and 2) "I was satisfied with the content of the educational program". At each timepoint, responses were dichotomized as "agree" (comprising the "Somewhat agree" and "Completely agree" response options) and "disagree" (comprising the "Somewhat disagree" and "Completely disagree" response options), and these dichotomous responses were compared between PHARM and PEER via Fisher's exact test.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Pharmacist-led Intervention (PHARM)
n=147 Participants
In the PHARM intervention group, participants will be given a 60-minute formal presentation on vaccine-preventable diseases to address knowledge and beliefs related to zoster, pneumonia, and influenza and to address barriers to receiving vaccination. In several studies, it has been demonstrated that those who believe it is wise to receive vaccinations and those that have discussed vaccination with their healthcare provider are more likely to receive a vaccine.
Pharmacist-led Intervention (PHARM): 60 minute didactic lecture about vaccinations.
|
Peer-led Intervention (PEER)
n=140 Participants
A pharmacist will train the peer educators about vaccine-preventable diseases over the course of two didactic sessions. Following this training, a third session will be held to train the peer educators on the script that they will deliver to participants. The script will include the key learning points to be taught by the peer educators to participants about vaccine preventable diseases and vaccination. The script will also include role-play exercises. In the role-play exercises, 3 vaccination-related scenarios (one for each disease- zoster, pneumonia, and influenza) will be delivered to illustrate situations participants might encounter when interacting with healthcare providers or friends/family.
Peer-led Intervention (PEER): 60 minute peer led small group intervention including skits and other educational material
|
|---|---|---|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Program Satisfaction
The program kept me interested or engaged - PT · Completely or somewhat agree
|
124 Participants
|
127 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Program Satisfaction
The program kept me interested or engaged - PT · Completely or somewhat disagree
|
2 Participants
|
3 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Program Satisfaction
The program kept me interested or engaged - PT · No response
|
21 Participants
|
10 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Program Satisfaction
The program kept me interested or engaged - 1M · Completely or somewhat agree
|
130 Participants
|
135 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Program Satisfaction
The program kept me interested or engaged - 1M · Completely or somewhat disagree
|
3 Participants
|
2 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Program Satisfaction
The program kept me interested or engaged - 1M · No response
|
14 Participants
|
3 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Program Satisfaction
I was satisfied with program content - PT · Completely or somewhat agree
|
125 Participants
|
125 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Program Satisfaction
I was satisfied with program content - PT · Completely or somewhat disagree
|
1 Participants
|
2 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Program Satisfaction
I was satisfied with program content - PT · No response
|
21 Participants
|
13 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Program Satisfaction
I was satisfied with program content - 1M · Completely or somewhat agree
|
132 Participants
|
138 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Program Satisfaction
I was satisfied with program content - 1M · Completely or somewhat disagree
|
1 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Program Satisfaction
I was satisfied with program content - 1M · No response
|
14 Participants
|
2 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Measured at baseline (BL), immediately post-intervention (PT), and 1 month follow-up (1M)Population: Rows labeled "Those without history of \[...\] vaccine" contain a subgroup analysis of those participants not reporting a positive vaccination history at post-test.
Compare the number of participants planning to receive vaccine in PHARM vs. PEER at each timepoint as assessed by the activation questionnaire
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Pharmacist-led Intervention (PHARM)
n=147 Participants
In the PHARM intervention group, participants will be given a 60-minute formal presentation on vaccine-preventable diseases to address knowledge and beliefs related to zoster, pneumonia, and influenza and to address barriers to receiving vaccination. In several studies, it has been demonstrated that those who believe it is wise to receive vaccinations and those that have discussed vaccination with their healthcare provider are more likely to receive a vaccine.
Pharmacist-led Intervention (PHARM): 60 minute didactic lecture about vaccinations.
|
Peer-led Intervention (PEER)
n=140 Participants
A pharmacist will train the peer educators about vaccine-preventable diseases over the course of two didactic sessions. Following this training, a third session will be held to train the peer educators on the script that they will deliver to participants. The script will include the key learning points to be taught by the peer educators to participants about vaccine preventable diseases and vaccination. The script will also include role-play exercises. In the role-play exercises, 3 vaccination-related scenarios (one for each disease- zoster, pneumonia, and influenza) will be delivered to illustrate situations participants might encounter when interacting with healthcare providers or friends/family.
Peer-led Intervention (PEER): 60 minute peer led small group intervention including skits and other educational material
|
|---|---|---|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Planning to receive zoster vaccine at BL · Planning to receive vaccine
|
26 Participants
|
36 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Planning to receive zoster vaccine at BL · Not planning to receive vaccine
|
46 Participants
|
58 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Planning to receive zoster vaccine at BL · No response
|
75 Participants
|
46 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Planning to receive zoster vaccine at PT · Planning to receive vaccine
|
44 Participants
|
60 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Planning to receive zoster vaccine at PT · Not planning to receive vaccine
|
38 Participants
|
46 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Planning to receive zoster vaccine at PT · No response
|
65 Participants
|
34 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Planning to receive zoster vaccine at 1M · Planning to receive vaccine
|
46 Participants
|
56 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Planning to receive zoster vaccine at 1M · Not planning to receive vaccine
|
44 Participants
|
57 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Planning to receive zoster vaccine at 1M · No response
|
57 Participants
|
27 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Planning to receive influenza vaccine at BL · Planning to receive vaccine
|
22 Participants
|
30 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Planning to receive influenza vaccine at BL · Not planning to receive vaccine
|
25 Participants
|
36 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Planning to receive influenza vaccine at BL · No response
|
100 Participants
|
74 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Planning to receive influenza vaccine at PT · Planning to receive vaccine
|
35 Participants
|
44 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Planning to receive influenza vaccine at PT · Not planning to receive vaccine
|
26 Participants
|
30 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Planning to receive influenza vaccine at PT · No response
|
86 Participants
|
66 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Planning to receive influenza vaccine at 1M · Planning to receive vaccine
|
36 Participants
|
45 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Planning to receive influenza vaccine at 1M · Not planning to receive vaccine
|
27 Participants
|
36 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Planning to receive influenza vaccine at 1M · No response
|
84 Participants
|
59 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Planning to receive pneumonia vaccine at BL · Planning to receive vaccine
|
26 Participants
|
35 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Planning to receive pneumonia vaccine at BL · Not planning to receive vaccine
|
35 Participants
|
35 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Planning to receive pneumonia vaccine at BL · No response
|
86 Participants
|
70 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Planning to receive pneumonia vaccine at PT · Planning to receive vaccine
|
40 Participants
|
55 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Planning to receive pneumonia vaccine at PT · Not planning to receive vaccine
|
32 Participants
|
28 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Planning to receive pneumonia vaccine at PT · No response
|
75 Participants
|
57 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Planning to receive pneumonia vaccine at 1M · Planning to receive vaccine
|
45 Participants
|
54 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Planning to receive pneumonia vaccine at 1M · Not planning to receive vaccine
|
37 Participants
|
40 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Planning to receive pneumonia vaccine at 1M · No response
|
65 Participants
|
46 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Those without history of zoster vaccine (PT) · Planning to receive vaccine
|
42 Participants
|
59 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Those without history of zoster vaccine (PT) · Not planning to receive vaccine
|
37 Participants
|
45 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Those without history of zoster vaccine (PT) · No response
|
14 Participants
|
6 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Those without history of zoster vaccine (1M) · Planning to receive vaccine
|
39 Participants
|
53 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Those without history of zoster vaccine (1M) · Not planning to receive vaccine
|
43 Participants
|
54 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Those without history of zoster vaccine (1M) · No response
|
11 Participants
|
3 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Those without history of influenza vaccine (PT) · Planning to receive vaccine
|
32 Participants
|
40 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Those without history of influenza vaccine (PT) · Not planning to receive vaccine
|
26 Participants
|
28 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Those without history of influenza vaccine (PT) · No response
|
3 Participants
|
1 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Those without history of influenza vaccine (1M) · Planning to receive vaccine
|
31 Participants
|
38 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Those without history of influenza vaccine (1M) · Not planning to receive vaccine
|
27 Participants
|
31 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Those without history of influenza vaccine (1M) · No response
|
3 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Those without history of pneumonia vaccine (PT) · Planning to receive vaccine
|
35 Participants
|
43 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Those without history of pneumonia vaccine (PT) · Not planning to receive vaccine
|
29 Participants
|
25 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Those without history of pneumonia vaccine (PT) · No response
|
11 Participants
|
3 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Those without history of pneumonia vaccine (1M) · Planning to receive vaccine
|
34 Participants
|
36 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Those without history of pneumonia vaccine (1M) · Not planning to receive vaccine
|
33 Participants
|
32 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Receive Each Vaccine
Those without history of pneumonia vaccine (1M) · No response
|
8 Participants
|
3 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Measured at baseline (BL), immediately post-intervention (PT), and 1 month follow-up (1M)Population: Rows labeled "without previous \[...\] vaccine", contain a subgroup analysis of those participants not reporting a positive vaccination history at post-test.
Compare the number participants reporting positive vaccination status in PHARM vs. PEER at each timepoint as assessed by the activation questionnaire
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Pharmacist-led Intervention (PHARM)
n=147 Participants
In the PHARM intervention group, participants will be given a 60-minute formal presentation on vaccine-preventable diseases to address knowledge and beliefs related to zoster, pneumonia, and influenza and to address barriers to receiving vaccination. In several studies, it has been demonstrated that those who believe it is wise to receive vaccinations and those that have discussed vaccination with their healthcare provider are more likely to receive a vaccine.
Pharmacist-led Intervention (PHARM): 60 minute didactic lecture about vaccinations.
|
Peer-led Intervention (PEER)
n=140 Participants
A pharmacist will train the peer educators about vaccine-preventable diseases over the course of two didactic sessions. Following this training, a third session will be held to train the peer educators on the script that they will deliver to participants. The script will include the key learning points to be taught by the peer educators to participants about vaccine preventable diseases and vaccination. The script will also include role-play exercises. In the role-play exercises, 3 vaccination-related scenarios (one for each disease- zoster, pneumonia, and influenza) will be delivered to illustrate situations participants might encounter when interacting with healthcare providers or friends/family.
Peer-led Intervention (PEER): 60 minute peer led small group intervention including skits and other educational material
|
|---|---|---|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Reporting history of zoster vaccine at BL · Yes
|
50 Participants
|
32 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Reporting history of zoster vaccine at BL · No
|
80 Participants
|
98 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Reporting history of zoster vaccine at BL · No response
|
17 Participants
|
10 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Reporting history of zoster vaccine at PT · Yes
|
54 Participants
|
30 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Reporting history of zoster vaccine at PT · No
|
85 Participants
|
105 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Reporting history of zoster vaccine at PT · No response
|
8 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Reporting history of zoster vaccine at 1M · Yes
|
52 Participants
|
36 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Reporting history of zoster vaccine at 1M · No
|
88 Participants
|
103 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Reporting history of zoster vaccine at 1M · No response
|
7 Participants
|
1 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Reporting history of influenza vaccine at BL · Yes
|
86 Participants
|
70 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Reporting history of influenza vaccine at BL · No
|
51 Participants
|
66 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Reporting history of influenza vaccine at BL · No response
|
10 Participants
|
4 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Reporting history of influenza vaccine at PT · Yes
|
86 Participants
|
71 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Reporting history of influenza vaccine at PT · No
|
60 Participants
|
68 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Reporting history of influenza vaccine at PT · No response
|
1 Participants
|
1 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Reporting history of influenza vaccine at 1M · Yes
|
89 Participants
|
81 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Reporting history of influenza vaccine at 1M · No
|
57 Participants
|
59 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Reporting history of influenza vaccine at 1M · No response
|
1 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Reporting history of pneumonia vaccine at BL · Yes
|
65 Participants
|
59 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Reporting history of pneumonia vaccine at BL · No
|
67 Participants
|
75 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Reporting history of pneumonia vaccine at BL · No response
|
15 Participants
|
6 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Reporting history of pneumonia vaccine at PT · Yes
|
72 Participants
|
69 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Reporting history of pneumonia vaccine at PT · No
|
70 Participants
|
69 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Reporting history of pneumonia vaccine at PT · No response
|
5 Participants
|
2 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Reporting history of pneumonia vaccine at 1M · Yes
|
69 Participants
|
67 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Reporting history of pneumonia vaccine at 1M · No
|
75 Participants
|
72 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Reporting history of pneumonia vaccine at 1M · No response
|
3 Participants
|
1 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Those without zoster vaccine at PT (1M status) · Yes
|
3 Participants
|
10 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Those without zoster vaccine at PT (1M status) · No
|
83 Participants
|
99 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Those without zoster vaccine at PT (1M status) · No response
|
7 Participants
|
1 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Those without influenza vaccine at PT (1M status) · Yes
|
5 Participants
|
17 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Those without influenza vaccine at PT (1M status) · No
|
55 Participants
|
52 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Those without influenza vaccine at PT (1M status) · No response
|
1 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Those without pneumonia vaccine at PT (1M status) · Yes
|
6 Participants
|
14 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Those without pneumonia vaccine at PT (1M status) · No
|
66 Participants
|
56 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Reporting Positive Vaccination Status at Each Timepoint
Those without pneumonia vaccine at PT (1M status) · No response
|
3 Participants
|
1 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Baseline, immediately post-intervention, and 1 month follow-upCompare the number of participants planning to discuss vaccines with doctor, pharmacist, or family/friends in PHARM vs. PEER at each timepoint
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Pharmacist-led Intervention (PHARM)
n=147 Participants
In the PHARM intervention group, participants will be given a 60-minute formal presentation on vaccine-preventable diseases to address knowledge and beliefs related to zoster, pneumonia, and influenza and to address barriers to receiving vaccination. In several studies, it has been demonstrated that those who believe it is wise to receive vaccinations and those that have discussed vaccination with their healthcare provider are more likely to receive a vaccine.
Pharmacist-led Intervention (PHARM): 60 minute didactic lecture about vaccinations.
|
Peer-led Intervention (PEER)
n=140 Participants
A pharmacist will train the peer educators about vaccine-preventable diseases over the course of two didactic sessions. Following this training, a third session will be held to train the peer educators on the script that they will deliver to participants. The script will include the key learning points to be taught by the peer educators to participants about vaccine preventable diseases and vaccination. The script will also include role-play exercises. In the role-play exercises, 3 vaccination-related scenarios (one for each disease- zoster, pneumonia, and influenza) will be delivered to illustrate situations participants might encounter when interacting with healthcare providers or friends/family.
Peer-led Intervention (PEER): 60 minute peer led small group intervention including skits and other educational material
|
|---|---|---|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Discuss Vaccines With Others as Assessed by the Activation Questionnaire
Planning to discuss with doctor at BL · Yes
|
66 Participants
|
67 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Discuss Vaccines With Others as Assessed by the Activation Questionnaire
Planning to discuss with doctor at BL · No response
|
81 Participants
|
73 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Discuss Vaccines With Others as Assessed by the Activation Questionnaire
Planning to discuss with doctor at PT · Yes
|
98 Participants
|
95 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Discuss Vaccines With Others as Assessed by the Activation Questionnaire
Planning to discuss with doctor at PT · No response
|
49 Participants
|
45 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Discuss Vaccines With Others as Assessed by the Activation Questionnaire
Planning to discuss with doctor at 1M · Yes
|
112 Participants
|
120 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Discuss Vaccines With Others as Assessed by the Activation Questionnaire
Planning to discuss with doctor at 1M · No response
|
35 Participants
|
20 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Discuss Vaccines With Others as Assessed by the Activation Questionnaire
Planning to discuss with pharmacist at BL · Yes
|
15 Participants
|
19 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Discuss Vaccines With Others as Assessed by the Activation Questionnaire
Planning to discuss with pharmacist at BL · No response
|
132 Participants
|
121 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Discuss Vaccines With Others as Assessed by the Activation Questionnaire
Planning to discuss with pharmacist at PT · Yes
|
30 Participants
|
36 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Discuss Vaccines With Others as Assessed by the Activation Questionnaire
Planning to discuss with pharmacist at PT · No response
|
117 Participants
|
104 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Discuss Vaccines With Others as Assessed by the Activation Questionnaire
Planning to discuss with pharmacist at 1M · Yes
|
38 Participants
|
61 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Discuss Vaccines With Others as Assessed by the Activation Questionnaire
Planning to discuss with pharmacist at 1M · No response
|
109 Participants
|
79 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Discuss Vaccines With Others as Assessed by the Activation Questionnaire
Planning to discuss with family/friends at BL · Yes
|
14 Participants
|
13 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Discuss Vaccines With Others as Assessed by the Activation Questionnaire
Planning to discuss with family/friends at BL · No response
|
133 Participants
|
127 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Discuss Vaccines With Others as Assessed by the Activation Questionnaire
Planning to discuss with family/friends at PT · Yes
|
30 Participants
|
32 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Discuss Vaccines With Others as Assessed by the Activation Questionnaire
Planning to discuss with family/friends at PT · No response
|
117 Participants
|
108 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Discuss Vaccines With Others as Assessed by the Activation Questionnaire
Planning to discuss with family/friends at 1M · Yes
|
39 Participants
|
60 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Planning to Discuss Vaccines With Others as Assessed by the Activation Questionnaire
Planning to discuss with family/friends at 1M · No response
|
108 Participants
|
80 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: One-month follow-up (1M)Compare the number of participants reporting that they have discussed vaccines with their doctor, pharmacist, or family/friends at the one-month follow-up for PHARM vs. PEER
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Pharmacist-led Intervention (PHARM)
n=147 Participants
In the PHARM intervention group, participants will be given a 60-minute formal presentation on vaccine-preventable diseases to address knowledge and beliefs related to zoster, pneumonia, and influenza and to address barriers to receiving vaccination. In several studies, it has been demonstrated that those who believe it is wise to receive vaccinations and those that have discussed vaccination with their healthcare provider are more likely to receive a vaccine.
Pharmacist-led Intervention (PHARM): 60 minute didactic lecture about vaccinations.
|
Peer-led Intervention (PEER)
n=140 Participants
A pharmacist will train the peer educators about vaccine-preventable diseases over the course of two didactic sessions. Following this training, a third session will be held to train the peer educators on the script that they will deliver to participants. The script will include the key learning points to be taught by the peer educators to participants about vaccine preventable diseases and vaccination. The script will also include role-play exercises. In the role-play exercises, 3 vaccination-related scenarios (one for each disease- zoster, pneumonia, and influenza) will be delivered to illustrate situations participants might encounter when interacting with healthcare providers or friends/family.
Peer-led Intervention (PEER): 60 minute peer led small group intervention including skits and other educational material
|
|---|---|---|
|
Number of Participants Having Discussed Vaccines With Others at One-month Follow-up as Assessed by the Activation Questionnaire
Discussed with doctor at 1M · Yes
|
22 Participants
|
62 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Having Discussed Vaccines With Others at One-month Follow-up as Assessed by the Activation Questionnaire
Discussed with doctor at 1M · No response
|
125 Participants
|
78 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Having Discussed Vaccines With Others at One-month Follow-up as Assessed by the Activation Questionnaire
Discussed with pharmacist at 1M · Yes
|
7 Participants
|
23 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Having Discussed Vaccines With Others at One-month Follow-up as Assessed by the Activation Questionnaire
Discussed with pharmacist at 1M · No response
|
140 Participants
|
117 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Having Discussed Vaccines With Others at One-month Follow-up as Assessed by the Activation Questionnaire
Discussed with family/friends at 1M · Yes
|
9 Participants
|
24 Participants
|
|
Number of Participants Having Discussed Vaccines With Others at One-month Follow-up as Assessed by the Activation Questionnaire
Discussed with family/friends at 1M · No response
|
138 Participants
|
116 Participants
|
Adverse Events
Pharmacist-led Intervention (PHARM)
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Peer-led Intervention (PEER)
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Serious adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
Laura T. Pizzi, PharmD, MPH
Rutgers University Center for Health Outcomes, Policy, & Economics
Phone: 8484456825
Email: [email protected]
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place