Trial Outcomes & Findings for Sun Safe Workplaces: A Campaign on Sun Protection Policies for Outdoor Workers Phase I (NCT NCT02824289)

NCT ID: NCT02824289

Last Updated: 2026-08-18

Results Overview

Project staff coded written workplace policy documents on the presence of 15 "content categories" in three domains: 1) environmental controls; 2) administrative procedures; and 3) personal protection practices. Presence of policy was defined as having one or more policy components present in the written workplace policy documents (value=1) versus no content components present (value=0). Total policy score was calculated by summing the number of policy components in the written documents (range = 0-15). Higher values indicate more comprehensive sun protection policy.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

825 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

2 year follow-up

Results posted on

2026-08-18

Participant Flow

Unit of analysis: organization

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Sun Safe Workplaces Program
Program promoting the adoption of occupational sun protection policies by the local government organization comprised of personal visits with senior managers and in-person training of outdoor workers by research staff over two years. Sun Safe Workplaces Program: The intervention began by sending a Program Announcement Packet and requesting the first face-to-face meeting. At the first meeting, intervention staff covered: 1) Introduction to SSW; 2) Sun Safety Practices in the Workplace; 3) Sun Safety Policy for Outdoor Workers; 4) Sun Safety Policy Adoption; 5) Sun Safety Policy Reinforcement and Maintenance. They presented the SSW Website and a Sun Safety Tool Box. Following the first meeting, the manager scheduled Sun Safety Training by intervention staff with various employee groups. Workplace Sun Safety Materials were sent in four sets (twice a year over two years) for distribution to employees. Research staff made monthly Follow-up Contacts with managers.
Attention Control
Program promoting occupational sun protection practices by employees in local government organizations through two mailings containing educational materials and presentations at state professional meetings by project staff. Attention Control: Research staff sent printed materials on occupational sun safety to local government organizations twice. These included posters with personal protection messages and skin cancer rates, risk assessment brochures, worksite guides, total skin self-examination CD-Rom, the American Academy of Dermatology SPOT bookmark, and a sun safety tip card from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Staff made presentations on general sun safety topics (not policy) at state professional conferences.
Overall Study
STARTED
413 50
412 48
Overall Study
COMPLETED
266 41
257 43
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
147 9
155 5

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Sun Safe Workplaces: A Campaign on Sun Protection Policies for Outdoor Workers Phase I

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Sun Safe Workplaces Program
n=413 Participants
Program promoting the adoption of occupational sun protection policies by the local government organization comprised of personal visits with senior managers and in-person training of outdoor workers by research staff over two years. Sun Safe Workplaces Program: The intervention began by sending a Program Announcement Packet and requesting the first face-to-face meeting. At the first meeting, intervention staff covered: 1) Introduction to SSW; 2) Sun Safety Practices in the Workplace; 3) Sun Safety Policy for Outdoor Workers; 4) Sun Safety Policy Adoption; 5) Sun Safety Policy Reinforcement and Maintenance. They presented the SSW Website and a Sun Safety Tool Box. Following the first meeting, the manager scheduled Sun Safety Training by intervention staff with various employee groups. Workplace Sun Safety Materials were sent in four sets (twice a year over two years) for distribution to employees. Research staff made monthly Follow-up Contacts with managers.
Attention Control
n=412 Participants
Program promoting occupational sun protection practices by employees in local government organizations through two mailings containing educational materials and presentations at state professional meetings by project staff. Attention Control: Research staff sent printed materials on occupational sun safety to local government organizations twice. These included posters with personal protection messages and skin cancer rates, risk assessment brochures, worksite guides, total skin self-examination CD-Rom, the American Academy of Dermatology SPOT bookmark, and a sun safety tip card from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Staff made presentations on general sun safety topics (not policy) at state professional conferences.
Total
n=825 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Sex/Gender, Customized
Sex · Unknown
16 Participants
n=298 Participants
15 Participants
n=102 Participants
31 Participants
n=400 Participants
Age, Continuous
47.6 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.33 • n=298 Participants
47.6 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.33 • n=102 Participants
47.6 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.33 • n=400 Participants
Sex/Gender, Customized
Sex · Male
93 Participants
n=298 Participants
93 Participants
n=102 Participants
186 Participants
n=400 Participants
Sex/Gender, Customized
Sex · Female
304 Participants
n=298 Participants
304 Participants
n=102 Participants
608 Participants
n=400 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 2 year follow-up

Population: Policies were compared between organizations assigned to intervention and control arms. Organizations were public sector employers including city and county governments and special taxing districts providing fire and sanitation services. These organizations were the participants. A single policy score was obtained for each organization based on assessment of the organization's written policy documents. Thus, there were no human participants, just organizational units in the primary analysis.

Project staff coded written workplace policy documents on the presence of 15 "content categories" in three domains: 1) environmental controls; 2) administrative procedures; and 3) personal protection practices. Presence of policy was defined as having one or more policy components present in the written workplace policy documents (value=1) versus no content components present (value=0). Total policy score was calculated by summing the number of policy components in the written documents (range = 0-15). Higher values indicate more comprehensive sun protection policy.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Sun Safe Workplaces Program
n=50 Organizations
Program promoting the adoption of occupational sun protection policies by the local government organization comprised of personal visits with senior managers and in-person training of outdoor workers by research staff over two years. Sun Safe Workplaces Program: The intervention began by sending a Program Announcement Packet and requesting the first face-to-face meeting. At the first meeting, intervention staff covered: 1) Introduction to SSW; 2) Sun Safety Practices in the Workplace; 3) Sun Safety Policy for Outdoor Workers; 4) Sun Safety Policy Adoption; 5) Sun Safety Policy Reinforcement and Maintenance. They presented the SSW Website and a Sun Safety Tool Box. Following the first meeting, the manager scheduled Sun Safety Training by intervention staff with various employee groups. Workplace Sun Safety Materials were sent in four sets (twice a year over two years) for distribution to employees. Research staff made monthly Follow-up Contacts with managers.
Attention Control
n=48 Organizations
Program promoting occupational sun protection practices by employees in local government organizations through two mailings containing educational materials and presentations at state professional meetings by project staff. Attention Control: Research staff sent printed materials on occupational sun safety to local government organizations twice. These included posters with personal protection messages and skin cancer rates, risk assessment brochures, worksite guides, total skin self-examination CD-Rom, the American Academy of Dermatology SPOT bookmark, and a sun safety tip card from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Staff made presentations on general sun safety topics (not policy) at state professional conferences.
Presence of a Sun Protection Policy for Outdoor Workers Score at 2-Year Follow-up
2.68 scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.24
0.59 scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.11

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From baseline to 2-year follow-up

Population: Policies were compared between organizations assigned to intervention and control arms. Organizations were public sector employers including city and county governments and special taxing districts providing fire and sanitation services. These organizations were the participants. A single policy score was obtained for each organization based on assessment of the organization's written policy documents. Thus, there were no human participants, just organizational units in the secondary analysis.

Project staff coded written workplace policy documents on the presence of 15 "content categories" in three domains: 1) environmental controls; 2) administrative procedures; and 3) personal protection practices. Extent of policy was defined as the sum of the content components for each policy content component present in the written workplace policy documents (values=0 to 15). Higher score indicates more extensive policy. Posttest values were compared between conditions, controlling for pretest value.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Sun Safe Workplaces Program
n=50 Organizations
Program promoting the adoption of occupational sun protection policies by the local government organization comprised of personal visits with senior managers and in-person training of outdoor workers by research staff over two years. Sun Safe Workplaces Program: The intervention began by sending a Program Announcement Packet and requesting the first face-to-face meeting. At the first meeting, intervention staff covered: 1) Introduction to SSW; 2) Sun Safety Practices in the Workplace; 3) Sun Safety Policy for Outdoor Workers; 4) Sun Safety Policy Adoption; 5) Sun Safety Policy Reinforcement and Maintenance. They presented the SSW Website and a Sun Safety Tool Box. Following the first meeting, the manager scheduled Sun Safety Training by intervention staff with various employee groups. Workplace Sun Safety Materials were sent in four sets (twice a year over two years) for distribution to employees. Research staff made monthly Follow-up Contacts with managers.
Attention Control
n=48 Organizations
Program promoting occupational sun protection practices by employees in local government organizations through two mailings containing educational materials and presentations at state professional meetings by project staff. Attention Control: Research staff sent printed materials on occupational sun safety to local government organizations twice. These included posters with personal protection messages and skin cancer rates, risk assessment brochures, worksite guides, total skin self-examination CD-Rom, the American Academy of Dermatology SPOT bookmark, and a sun safety tip card from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Staff made presentations on general sun safety topics (not policy) at state professional conferences.
Extent of Sun Protection Policy for Outdoor Workers at Posttest
4.26 scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.38
1.35 scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.30

Adverse Events

Sun Safe Workplaces Program

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Attention Control

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Dr. David Buller

Klein Buendel, Inc.

Phone: 3035654321

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place