Trial Outcomes & Findings for Parafilm to Prevent CLABSI in Pediatric Patients Undergoing HCT (NCT NCT02575079)

NCT ID: NCT02575079

Last Updated: 2019-06-25

Results Overview

Central line associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) is the identification of a bacterial infection from a blood culture drawn from a central venous catheter (CVC) in the absence of a primary source of infection from another body site. The CLABSI rate (total number of CLABSI/1000 catheter-days) in parafilm study participants will be calculated and compared to the CLABSI rate in a historical cohort of pediatric patients who are serving as a control group.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

119 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Baseline (at the time of placement of the CVC or admission for HCT, whichever occurs later) to end of study (CVC removal or transfer back to primary service, whichever occurs sooner, average of 3 months)

Results posted on

2019-06-25

Participant Flow

Participants were enrolled in the parafilm study between March 2015 and June 2017. All study procedures and follow up was completed on March 29, 2018.

Fifty-one individuals consented to participate in the study. Prior to beginning any study interventions one was lost to follow up, one withdrew, and one did not begin the prep regimen, resulting in 48 participants who began the study intervention.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Parafilm
Pediatric patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) with central venous catheters (CVCs) who had pre-cut, single-use sections of parafilm applied over the CVC hub (if not connected) or around the CVC hub connection (if connected).
Historical Cohort
Pediatric patients receiving hematopoietic cell transplantation in the 16 months preceding the study intervention. Data were obtained retrospectively through medical records for the purpose of comparing CLABSI rates among recipients of parafilm to a control group.
Overall Study
STARTED
48
71
Overall Study
COMPLETED
42
71
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
6
0

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Parafilm
Pediatric patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) with central venous catheters (CVCs) who had pre-cut, single-use sections of parafilm applied over the CVC hub (if not connected) or around the CVC hub connection (if connected).
Historical Cohort
Pediatric patients receiving hematopoietic cell transplantation in the 16 months preceding the study intervention. Data were obtained retrospectively through medical records for the purpose of comparing CLABSI rates among recipients of parafilm to a control group.
Overall Study
Death
3
0
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
3
0

Baseline Characteristics

Parafilm to Prevent CLABSI in Pediatric Patients Undergoing HCT

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Parafilm
n=48 Participants
Pediatric patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) with central venous catheters (CVCs) who had pre-cut, single-use sections of parafilm applied over the CVC hub (if not connected) or around the CVC hub connection (if connected).
Historical Cohort
n=71 Participants
Pediatric patients receiving hematopoietic cell transplantation in the 16 months preceding the study intervention. Data were obtained retrospectively through medical records for the purpose of comparing CLABSI rates among recipients of parafilm to a control group.
Total
n=119 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Customized
Age in years · Less than or equal to 2 years
7 Participants
n=39 Participants
21 Participants
n=41 Participants
28 Participants
n=35 Participants
Age, Customized
Age in years · Between 3 and 9 years
25 Participants
n=39 Participants
22 Participants
n=41 Participants
47 Participants
n=35 Participants
Age, Customized
Age in years · Between 10 and 21 years
16 Participants
n=39 Participants
28 Participants
n=41 Participants
44 Participants
n=35 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
17 Participants
n=39 Participants
25 Participants
n=41 Participants
42 Participants
n=35 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
31 Participants
n=39 Participants
46 Participants
n=41 Participants
77 Participants
n=35 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
8 Participants
n=39 Participants
6 Participants
n=41 Participants
14 Participants
n=35 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
40 Participants
n=39 Participants
65 Participants
n=41 Participants
105 Participants
n=35 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=39 Participants
0 Participants
n=41 Participants
0 Participants
n=35 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Ethnicity · Asian
0 Participants
n=39 Participants
4 Participants
n=41 Participants
4 Participants
n=35 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Ethnicity · Black or African American
21 Participants
n=39 Participants
32 Participants
n=41 Participants
53 Participants
n=35 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Ethnicity · White
25 Participants
n=39 Participants
34 Participants
n=41 Participants
59 Participants
n=35 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Ethnicity · Other
2 Participants
n=39 Participants
1 Participants
n=41 Participants
3 Participants
n=35 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
48 participants
n=39 Participants
71 participants
n=41 Participants
119 participants
n=35 Participants
Type of HCT
Allogeneic
35 Participants
n=39 Participants
49 Participants
n=41 Participants
84 Participants
n=35 Participants
Type of HCT
Autologous
13 Participants
n=39 Participants
22 Participants
n=41 Participants
35 Participants
n=35 Participants
Underlying disease
Malignant, hematologic
17 Participants
n=39 Participants
24 Participants
n=41 Participants
41 Participants
n=35 Participants
Underlying disease
Malignant, solid tumor
12 Participants
n=39 Participants
21 Participants
n=41 Participants
33 Participants
n=35 Participants
Underlying disease
Non-malignant
19 Participants
n=39 Participants
26 Participants
n=41 Participants
45 Participants
n=35 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline (at the time of placement of the CVC or admission for HCT, whichever occurs later) to end of study (CVC removal or transfer back to primary service, whichever occurs sooner, average of 3 months)

Central line associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) is the identification of a bacterial infection from a blood culture drawn from a central venous catheter (CVC) in the absence of a primary source of infection from another body site. The CLABSI rate (total number of CLABSI/1000 catheter-days) in parafilm study participants will be calculated and compared to the CLABSI rate in a historical cohort of pediatric patients who are serving as a control group.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Parafilm
n=48 Participants
Pediatric patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) with central venous catheters (CVCs) who had pre-cut, single-use sections of parafilm applied over the CVC hub (if not connected) or around the CVC hub connection (if connected).
Historical Cohort
n=71 Participants
Pediatric patients receiving hematopoietic cell transplantation in the 16 months preceding the study intervention. Data were obtained retrospectively through medical records for the purpose of comparing CLABSI rates among recipients of parafilm to a control group.
Rate of Central Line Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI)
3.69 CLABSI/1000 catheter-days
Interval 2.19 to 5.83
4.37 CLABSI/1000 catheter-days
Interval 2.86 to 6.4

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: At discharge (an expected average of 6 weeks from admission)

Population: Participants in the parafilm study are included in this analysis. Percentage of inpatient days where nursing charted parafilm change in the electronic medical record is reported for the entire parafilm cohort.

In the inpatient setting, compliance was measured by once daily recording of parafilm change by nursing in the electronic medical record. These data were significantly limited by electronic medical record charting on parafilm change being required only once per day. Thus, once daily data collection failed to capture daily parafilm change, given multiple nursing shifts on a single calendar day. Nonetheless, the percentage of catheter-days with intact correctly applied parafilm, as reported by nursing staff, was calculated.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Parafilm
n=48 Participants
Pediatric patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) with central venous catheters (CVCs) who had pre-cut, single-use sections of parafilm applied over the CVC hub (if not connected) or around the CVC hub connection (if connected).
Historical Cohort
Pediatric patients receiving hematopoietic cell transplantation in the 16 months preceding the study intervention. Data were obtained retrospectively through medical records for the purpose of comparing CLABSI rates among recipients of parafilm to a control group.
Reported Inpatient Percentage of Central-line Days With Correctly Applied Parafilm
65.2 percentage of central-line days

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Time between initial bone marrow transplant (BMT) discharge and either central venous line (CVL) removal or transfer back to primary MD (an expected average of 2-3 months)

Population: The data collected indicated that nursing staff did not understand how the parafilm monitoring needed to be charted for the purposes of data analysis. Although a data field was created in the EMR, in practice, the data collected was not an accurate assessment of parafilm use, thus no data are available for analysis of this outcome measure.

Observed compliance occurred during weekly line rounds. Rounding providers indicated whether a patient's parafilm is intact and correctly applied, not applied, or incorrectly applied or not intact. The percentage of "observed catheter-days" where patients had correct use of intact parafilm were to be calculated. To track observed inpatient compliance with applying parafilm, data fields were added to the entered to the nursing charts of the participant's electronic medical record (EMR). The primary field added was a no/question about parafilm applied. Per study protocol, the intent was to document nursing changing of the parafilm, at the time it was changed. However, on reviewing the data, it appears that nursing just charted once per day whether they had changed parafilm or not, while the parafilm may have been changed earlier by a different nurse.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline (at the time of placement of the CVC or admission for HCT, whichever occurs later) to end of study (CVC removal or transfer back to primary service, whichever occurs sooner, average of 3 months)

Population: The population used for this analysis consists of caretakers who returned outpatient logs of parafilm use at the end of the study. Forty-one participants used parafilm in the outpatient setting and of these 34 returned the outpatient logs.

For outpatient reported compliance, parents of study participants provided their logs to outpatient staff who documented the number of days parafilm was correctly in use/intact vs not in use or incorrectly in use/not intact. The cumulative percentage of catheter-days where parafilm was intact was calculated.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Parafilm
n=34 Participants
Pediatric patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) with central venous catheters (CVCs) who had pre-cut, single-use sections of parafilm applied over the CVC hub (if not connected) or around the CVC hub connection (if connected).
Historical Cohort
Pediatric patients receiving hematopoietic cell transplantation in the 16 months preceding the study intervention. Data were obtained retrospectively through medical records for the purpose of comparing CLABSI rates among recipients of parafilm to a control group.
Reported Outpatient Percentage of Catheter-days With Correctly Applied Parafilm
64.7 percent of catheter-days

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Time between initial BMT discharge and either CVL removal or transfer back to primary MD (an expected average of 2-3 months)

Population: Observed outpatient compliance was not performed as it was difficult to implement this in a busy clinic setting.

For observed compliance, the outpatient nurse recorded whether the patient's parafilm was correctly applied/intact (yes), not applied (no), or incorrectly applied/not intact (yes-inc) at the beginning of the visit. The percentage of outpatient "observed catheter-days" where parafilm was correctly in use/intact was calculated.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline (at the time of placement of the CVC or admission for HCT, whichever occurs later) to end of study (CVC removal or transfer back to primary service, whichever occurs sooner, average of 3 months)

Population: Data on antibiotic treatment courses were not collected.

The number of antibiotic treatment courses per participant in the parafilm study will be recorded.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline (at the time of placement of the CVC or admission for HCT, whichever occurs later) to end of study (CVC removal or transfer back to primary service, whichever occurs sooner, average of 3 months)

Population: Data on duration of antibiotic treatments were not collected.

Total duration of antibiotic treatment exposure (excluding prophylactic antibiotics) among participants in the parafilm study will be reported.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline (at the time of placement of the CVC or admission for HCT, whichever occurs later) to end of study (CVC removal or transfer back to primary service, whichever occurs sooner, average of 3 months)

Population: Participants in the parafilm study are included in this analysis.

The cumulative number of ICU admissions secondary to sepsis among participants in the parafilm study is reported.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Parafilm
n=48 Participants
Pediatric patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) with central venous catheters (CVCs) who had pre-cut, single-use sections of parafilm applied over the CVC hub (if not connected) or around the CVC hub connection (if connected).
Historical Cohort
Pediatric patients receiving hematopoietic cell transplantation in the 16 months preceding the study intervention. Data were obtained retrospectively through medical records for the purpose of comparing CLABSI rates among recipients of parafilm to a control group.
Number of ICU Admissions Secondary to Sepsis
8 ICU admissions

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline (at the time of placement of the CVC or admission for HCT, whichever occurs later) to end of study (CVC removal or transfer back to primary service, whichever occurs sooner, average of 3 months)

Population: Participants in the parafilm study are included in this analysis.

Deaths from infection and death from any cause among participants in the parafilm study are reported.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Parafilm
n=48 Participants
Pediatric patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) with central venous catheters (CVCs) who had pre-cut, single-use sections of parafilm applied over the CVC hub (if not connected) or around the CVC hub connection (if connected).
Historical Cohort
Pediatric patients receiving hematopoietic cell transplantation in the 16 months preceding the study intervention. Data were obtained retrospectively through medical records for the purpose of comparing CLABSI rates among recipients of parafilm to a control group.
Death
Death from infection
0 Participants
Death
Death from any cause
3 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Month 3 (average time till removal of CVC)

Population: A survey was initially planned for in the protocol but was removed from the study procedures prior to any participants completing the survey.

The perception of parafilm from provider and caregiver surveys regarding parafilm ease of use, perceived benefit, and other parameters will be reported

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

Adverse Events

Parafilm

Serious events: 3 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 3 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
Parafilm
n=48 participants at risk
Pediatric patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) with central venous catheters (CVCs) who had pre-cut, single-use sections of parafilm applied over the CVC hub (if not connected) or around the CVC hub connection (if connected).
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Acute hypoxemic respiratory failure
2.1%
1/48 • Number of events 1 • Adverse events were collected from the time a participant entered the study until CVC removal (3 months on average).
Adverse events will be described using event terms and severity grading from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) CTCAE version 4.0. Adverse events will be characterized by severity grading, attribution (relationship to study treatment), and expectedness (based upon prior experience). Only unexpected serious adverse events and serious adverse events related to the study intervention were collected. Non-serious adverse events were not collected.
Immune system disorders
Graft versus host disease (GVHD)
4.2%
2/48 • Number of events 2 • Adverse events were collected from the time a participant entered the study until CVC removal (3 months on average).
Adverse events will be described using event terms and severity grading from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) CTCAE version 4.0. Adverse events will be characterized by severity grading, attribution (relationship to study treatment), and expectedness (based upon prior experience). Only unexpected serious adverse events and serious adverse events related to the study intervention were collected. Non-serious adverse events were not collected.

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Elizabeth Stenger

Emory University

Phone: 404-785-1272

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place