Trial Outcomes & Findings for Preventing Persistent Post-Surgical Pain and Opioid Use In At-Risk Veterans: Effect of ACT (NCT NCT02437188)

NCT ID: NCT02437188

Last Updated: 2019-08-01

Results Overview

The percent of veterans randomized to the ACT intervention who did receive the ACT intervention will be collected.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

88 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Enrollment to 3 months post surgery

Results posted on

2019-08-01

Participant Flow

Veterans indicated for orthopedic surgery and identified to be at-risk for poor outcomes were recruited following their indication clinic visit at the VAMC orthopedic clinic.

Eligible participants were randomized at their enrollment visit following phone screening. They were excluded if imminent risk of suicide. Active treatment groups received both ACT and TAU.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
ACT + TAU
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy plus Treatment as Usual
Treatment as Usual (TAU)
Treatment as Usual
Overall Study
STARTED
44
44
Overall Study
COMPLETED
40
35
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
4
9

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
ACT + TAU
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy plus Treatment as Usual
Treatment as Usual (TAU)
Treatment as Usual
Overall Study
Randomized but did not receive surgery
4
8
Overall Study
Adverse Event
0
1

Baseline Characteristics

Preventing Persistent Post-Surgical Pain and Opioid Use In At-Risk Veterans: Effect of ACT

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
ACT + TAU
n=40 Participants
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy plus Treatment as Usual
Treatment as Usual
n=34 Participants
Treatment as usual - preoperative education and perioperative analgesia
Total
n=74 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
62.2 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.1 • n=99 Participants
63 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.7 • n=107 Participants
62.6 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.4 • n=206 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
5 Participants
n=99 Participants
0 Participants
n=107 Participants
5 Participants
n=206 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
35 Participants
n=99 Participants
34 Participants
n=107 Participants
69 Participants
n=206 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
0 Participants
n=99 Participants
3 Participants
n=107 Participants
3 Participants
n=206 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
35 Participants
n=99 Participants
28 Participants
n=107 Participants
63 Participants
n=206 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
5 Participants
n=99 Participants
3 Participants
n=107 Participants
8 Participants
n=206 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=99 Participants
1 Participants
n=107 Participants
1 Participants
n=206 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants
n=99 Participants
0 Participants
n=107 Participants
0 Participants
n=206 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=99 Participants
0 Participants
n=107 Participants
0 Participants
n=206 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
4 Participants
n=99 Participants
1 Participants
n=107 Participants
5 Participants
n=206 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
34 Participants
n=99 Participants
27 Participants
n=107 Participants
61 Participants
n=206 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=99 Participants
1 Participants
n=107 Participants
1 Participants
n=206 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
2 Participants
n=99 Participants
4 Participants
n=107 Participants
6 Participants
n=206 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
40 participants
n=99 Participants
35 participants
n=107 Participants
75 participants
n=206 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Enrollment to 3 months post surgery

The percent of veterans randomized to the ACT intervention who did receive the ACT intervention will be collected.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
ACT + TAU
n=32 Participants
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy plus treatment as usual
Treatment as Usual (TAU)
n=35 Participants
Treatment as Usual
Percent of Veterans Willing and Able to Receive the ACT Intervention.
80 percent
100 percent

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 3 months post surgery

Population: Intent-to-treat - with randomized participants who received surgery

Participants will be asked to rate the intensity of their maximum pain on a vertical, 0-10 numeric rating scale (0-10 NRS) with 0.5 increments at 3 months after surgery. Participants will be asked to provide a number that represents their highest pain intensity during the day if 0 is no pain and 10 is the most intense pain imaginable.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
ACT + TAU
n=40 Participants
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy plus treatment as usual
Treatment as Usual (TAU)
n=35 Participants
Treatment as Usual
Amount of Pain Intensity on 0-10 Numeric Rating Scale
7.5 score on a scale
Interval 5.5 to 8.0
8 score on a scale
Interval 6.0 to 9.0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 3 months post surgery

Population: Intent-to-treat - for participants who received surgery

Participants will be asked total daily dose of opioid medications at 3 months after surgery. All opioid doses converted to oral morphine equivalents.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
ACT + TAU
n=40 Participants
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy plus treatment as usual
Treatment as Usual (TAU)
n=35 Participants
Treatment as Usual
Amount of Opioid Use
0 mg oral morphine
Interval 0.0 to 168.0
0 mg oral morphine
Interval 0.0 to 200.0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months post surgery

Population: Intent-to-treat - with participants who received surgery

Participants will record their pain daily after surgery via an electronic (REDCap) or hardcopy log. When pain \< 3 has been recorded for 5 consecutive days, the first date in the series will be used as the point of cessation and the length of time from surgery to this date will be calculated as the length of pain.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
ACT + TAU
n=40 Participants
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy plus treatment as usual
Treatment as Usual (TAU)
n=35 Participants
Treatment as Usual
Length of Pain (Days)
66 days
Interval 28.0 to 128.0
74 days
Interval 32.0 to 184.0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months post surgery

Population: Intent-to-treat - with participants who received surgery

Participants will record all pain medications (i.e. opioids and non-opioids) taken on a computerized pain medication form (or hardcopy log if participant does not have computer access available) until 3 months after surgery. The computerized pain medication form will list the drug name, route, dose, number taken, and date/time of each dose. When 0 doses of opioids have been recorded for 5 consecutive days, the first date in the series will be used as the point of cessation and the length of time from surgery to this date will be calculated as the length of opioid use.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
ACT + TAU
n=40 Participants
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy plus treatment as usual
Treatment as Usual (TAU)
n=35 Participants
Treatment as Usual
Length of Opioid Use (Days)
42.5 days
Interval 30.0 to 96.0
51 days
Interval 34.0 to 94.0

Adverse Events

ACT + TAU

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 2 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Treatment as Usual

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 6 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
ACT + TAU
n=40 participants at risk
Treatment as Usual
n=34 participants at risk
Psychiatric disorders
Distress-based symptom increase
2.5%
1/40 • Number of events 1
14.7%
5/34 • Number of events 5
Nervous system disorders
Pain increase
2.5%
1/40 • Number of events 1
2.9%
1/34 • Number of events 1

Additional Information

Dr. Lilian Dindo, Assistant Professor

Baylor College of Medicine

Phone: 713-440-4637

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place