Trial Outcomes & Findings for Safety and Efficacy Study of the Treatment of Humerus Fractures (NCT NCT02394080)

NCT ID: NCT02394080

Last Updated: 2026-07-15

Results Overview

Two of four cortices or two of four views demonstrating bridging on standard radiographs

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

44 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

180 days

Results posted on

2026-07-15

Participant Flow

44 patients signed the informed consent form. 44 is the modified intent to treat group, 33 is the intent to treat group

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System (PBSS)
The PBSS is comprised of an inflatable, thin walled polyethylene terephthalate (PET; Dacron™) balloon mounted on an insertion catheter. This balloon catheter system is designed to deliver the monomer cement to the fracture site via the medullary canal of the bone. Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System: Treatment of acute humerus fractures
Overall Study
STARTED
44
Overall Study
COMPLETED
37
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
7

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System (PBSS)
The PBSS is comprised of an inflatable, thin walled polyethylene terephthalate (PET; Dacron™) balloon mounted on an insertion catheter. This balloon catheter system is designed to deliver the monomer cement to the fracture site via the medullary canal of the bone. Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System: Treatment of acute humerus fractures
Overall Study
Death
4
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
2
Overall Study
Physician Decision
1

Baseline Characteristics

Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System (PBSS)
n=33 Participants
The PBSS is comprised of an inflatable, thin walled polyethylene terephthalate (PET; Dacron™) balloon mounted on an insertion catheter. This balloon catheter system is designed to deliver the monomer cement to the fracture site via the medullary canal of the bone. Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System: Treatment of acute humerus fractures
Age, Continuous
76.6 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.16 • n=33 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
25 Participants
n=33 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
8 Participants
n=33 Participants
Region of Enrollment
Netherlands
22 Participants
n=33 Participants
Region of Enrollment
Germany
11 Participants
n=33 Participants
Location of Target Fracture
Left Humerus
23 Participants
n=33 Participants
Location of Target Fracture
Right Humerus
10 Participants
n=33 Participants
Location
Proximal
32 Participants
n=33 Participants
Location
Diaphyseal
1 Participants
n=33 Participants
Location
Distal
0 Participants
n=33 Participants
AO Classification
02-A3
0 Participants
n=33 Participants
AO Classification
11-A1
1 Participants
n=33 Participants
Traumatic Injury Specify
Other
10 Participants
n=12 Participants • ITT population, subjects who had Traumatic Injury
AO Classification
11-A2
8 Participants
n=33 Participants
AO Classification
11-A3
2 Participants
n=33 Participants
AO Classification
11-B1
9 Participants
n=33 Participants
AO Classification
11-B2
13 Participants
n=33 Participants
AO Classification
11-C2
0 Participants
n=33 Participants
Gustilo Grading of Soft Tissue
Closed
26 Participants
n=33 Participants
Gustilo Grading of Soft Tissue
Type I
7 Participants
n=33 Participants
Neer's Fracture Grading
N/A
4 Participants
n=33 Participants
Neer's Fracture Grading
2-part
11 Participants
n=33 Participants
Neer's Fracture Grading
3-part
14 Participants
n=33 Participants
Neer's Fracture Grading
4-part
4 Participants
n=33 Participants
Type of Injury
Traumatic
12 Participants
n=33 Participants
Type of Injury
Non-Traumatic, low energy fall
20 Participants
n=33 Participants
Type of Injury
Non-Traumatic
1 Participants
n=33 Participants
Traumatic Injury Specify
Sports Injury
2 Participants
n=12 Participants • ITT population, subjects who had Traumatic Injury

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 180 days

Population: Intent-to-Treat Population, subjects with a valid assessment

Two of four cortices or two of four views demonstrating bridging on standard radiographs

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System (PBSS)
n=26 Participants
The PBSS is comprised of an inflatable, thin walled polyethylene terephthalate (PET; Dacron™) balloon mounted on an insertion catheter. This balloon catheter system is designed to deliver the monomer cement to the fracture site via the medullary canal of the bone. Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System: Treatment of acute humerus fractures
Normal Radiographic Fracture Healing
Normal Healing
25 Participants
Normal Radiographic Fracture Healing
Not Normal Healing
1 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 180 and 360 days

Population: Intent-to-Treat (ITT) Population, subjects with valid assessment.

Three of four cortices or three of four views demonstrating bridging, with dissolution of the majority (greater than or equal to 75% on orthogonal views) of fracture lines

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System (PBSS)
n=33 Participants
The PBSS is comprised of an inflatable, thin walled polyethylene terephthalate (PET; Dacron™) balloon mounted on an insertion catheter. This balloon catheter system is designed to deliver the monomer cement to the fracture site via the medullary canal of the bone. Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System: Treatment of acute humerus fractures
Evaluation of Complete Radiographic Healing
Day 180 Visit · Complete Healing
23 Participants
Evaluation of Complete Radiographic Healing
Day 180 Visit · Not Complete Healing
3 Participants
Evaluation of Complete Radiographic Healing
Day 360 Visit · Complete Healing
27 Participants
Evaluation of Complete Radiographic Healing
Day 360 Visit · Not Complete Healing
1 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 360 days

Population: Intent-to-Treat (ITT) Population, subjects with a valid assessment.

Two of four cortices or two of four views demonstrating bridging on standard radiographs

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System (PBSS)
n=28 Participants
The PBSS is comprised of an inflatable, thin walled polyethylene terephthalate (PET; Dacron™) balloon mounted on an insertion catheter. This balloon catheter system is designed to deliver the monomer cement to the fracture site via the medullary canal of the bone. Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System: Treatment of acute humerus fractures
Evaluation of Normal Radiographic Healing
Normal Healing
27 Participants
Evaluation of Normal Radiographic Healing
Not Normal Healing
1 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 180 and 360 days

Population: Intent-to-Treat (ITT) Population, subjects who had a visit.

Change from baseline of pain visual analog score (VAS). Participants indicate their pain level by marking a point along a continuous horizontal line anchored by "No Pain" and "Severe Pain. Total score range: 0 to 100 units on a scale 0 = No pain 100 = Severe pain. Lower scores represent a better outcome (less pain), while higher scores represent a worse outcome (greater pain)

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System (PBSS)
n=33 Participants
The PBSS is comprised of an inflatable, thin walled polyethylene terephthalate (PET; Dacron™) balloon mounted on an insertion catheter. This balloon catheter system is designed to deliver the monomer cement to the fracture site via the medullary canal of the bone. Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System: Treatment of acute humerus fractures
Summary of Pain VAS
180 day follow-up
-39.1 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 26.94
Summary of Pain VAS
360 day follow-up
-50.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 33.85

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 180 and 360 days

Population: Intent-to-Treat (ITT) Population, subjects who had visit data.

Change from baseline of disability of the arm shoulder and hand (DASH) score. DASH Disability/Symptom Total Score range: 0 to 100 units on a scale 0 = No disability/symptoms; 100 = Most severe disability/symptoms. Each item is scored on a 5-point Likert scale. Lower scores represent a better outcome (less disability and fewer symptoms), while higher scores represent a worse outcome (greater disability and more severe symptoms)

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System (PBSS)
n=33 Participants
The PBSS is comprised of an inflatable, thin walled polyethylene terephthalate (PET; Dacron™) balloon mounted on an insertion catheter. This balloon catheter system is designed to deliver the monomer cement to the fracture site via the medullary canal of the bone. Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System: Treatment of acute humerus fractures
Summary of DASH Score
180 day follow-up
-35.996 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 34.8306
Summary of DASH Score
360 day follow-up
-42.717 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 30.9444

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 180 and 360 days

Population: Intent-to-Treat (ITT) Population, subjects who had visit data.

Change from baseline of constant shoulder score. Total Constant Score range: 0 to 100 units on a scale 0 = Worst shoulder function; 100 = Best shoulder function. The total Constant Score is calculated by summing the four subscale scores for a maximum of 100 points. Higher scores represent a better outcome (improved shoulder function and less pain), while lower scores represent a worse outcome (greater disability and impaired shoulder function).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System (PBSS)
n=33 Participants
The PBSS is comprised of an inflatable, thin walled polyethylene terephthalate (PET; Dacron™) balloon mounted on an insertion catheter. This balloon catheter system is designed to deliver the monomer cement to the fracture site via the medullary canal of the bone. Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System: Treatment of acute humerus fractures
Summary of Constant Shoulder Score
180 day follow-up
22.869 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 31.3947
Summary of Constant Shoulder Score
360 day follow-up
27.324 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 29.3379

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 180 and 360 days

Population: Intent-to-Treat (ITT) Population, subjects who had visit data.

Pain at Palpation (yes/no), grade and clinical significance. Grade: mild, moderate, severe

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System (PBSS)
n=33 Participants
The PBSS is comprised of an inflatable, thin walled polyethylene terephthalate (PET; Dacron™) balloon mounted on an insertion catheter. This balloon catheter system is designed to deliver the monomer cement to the fracture site via the medullary canal of the bone. Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System: Treatment of acute humerus fractures
Summary of Pain on Palpation
180 day follow-up · No
26 Participants
Summary of Pain on Palpation
180 day follow-up · Yes, Mild, Not Clinically Significant
1 Participants
Summary of Pain on Palpation
360 day follow-up · No
27 Participants
Summary of Pain on Palpation
360 day follow-up · Yes, Mild, Not Clinically Significant
1 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 180 and 360 days

Population: Intent-to-Treat (ITT) Population, subjects who had visit data.

Summary of subjects who returned to pre-fracture mobility (yes/no)

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System (PBSS)
n=33 Participants
The PBSS is comprised of an inflatable, thin walled polyethylene terephthalate (PET; Dacron™) balloon mounted on an insertion catheter. This balloon catheter system is designed to deliver the monomer cement to the fracture site via the medullary canal of the bone. Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System: Treatment of acute humerus fractures
Summary of Return to Pre-Fracture Mobility
180 day follow-up · No
22 Participants
Summary of Return to Pre-Fracture Mobility
180 day follow-up · Yes
5 Participants
Summary of Return to Pre-Fracture Mobility
360 day follow-up · No
19 Participants
Summary of Return to Pre-Fracture Mobility
360 day follow-up · Yes
9 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 180 and 360 days

Population: Intent-to-Treat (ITT) Population, subjects who had visit data.

Summary of range of motion (active and passive) for affected and unaffected arm, for abduction, flexion, extension and lateral and medial rotation.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System (PBSS)
n=33 Participants
The PBSS is comprised of an inflatable, thin walled polyethylene terephthalate (PET; Dacron™) balloon mounted on an insertion catheter. This balloon catheter system is designed to deliver the monomer cement to the fracture site via the medullary canal of the bone. Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System: Treatment of acute humerus fractures
Summary of Range of Motion
360D F/U, Active ROM Unaffected Arm, Abduction
148.4 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 38.34
Summary of Range of Motion
360D F/U, Active ROM Unaffected Arm, Flexion
145.3 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 40.47
Summary of Range of Motion
360D F/U, Active ROM Unaffected Arm, Extension
76.6 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 38.52
Summary of Range of Motion
360D F/U, Active ROM Unaffected Arm, Lat Rotation
56.6 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 15.99
Summary of Range of Motion
360D F/U, Active ROM Unaffected Arm, Med Rotation
90.0 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 24.72
Summary of Range of Motion
360D F/U, Passive ROM Unaffected Arm, Abduction
157.7 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 31.01
Summary of Range of Motion
360D F/U, Passive ROM Unaffected Arm, Flexion
153.3 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 36.62
Summary of Range of Motion
360D F/U, Passive ROM Unaffected Arm, Extension
72.5 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 30.11
Summary of Range of Motion
360D F/U, Passive ROM Unaffected Arm, Lat Rotation
60.3 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 15.38
Summary of Range of Motion
360D F/U, Passive ROM Unaffected Arm, Med Rotation
91.7 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 27.49
Summary of Range of Motion
180D F/U, Active ROM Unaffected Arm, Med Rotation
92.4 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 19.29
Summary of Range of Motion
180D F/U, Passive ROM Unaffected Arm, Abduction
168.8 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 25.22
Summary of Range of Motion
180D F/U, Passive ROM Unaffected Arm, Flexion
167.9 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 20.54
Summary of Range of Motion
180D F/U, Passive ROM Unaffected Arm, Extension
66.5 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 13.67
Summary of Range of Motion
180D F/U, Passive ROM Unaffected Arm, Lat Rotation
63.8 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 16.35
Summary of Range of Motion
180D F/U, Passive ROM Unaffected Arm, Med Rotation
93.2 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 20.23
Summary of Range of Motion
360D F/U, Active ROM Affected Arm, Abduction
102.2 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 38.46
Summary of Range of Motion
360D F/U, Active ROM Affected Arm, Flexion
93.2 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 39.13
Summary of Range of Motion
360D F/U, Active ROM Affected Arm, Extension
74.0 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 40.75
Summary of Range of Motion
360D F/U, Active ROM Affected Arm, Lat Rotation
38.0 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 19.53
Summary of Range of Motion
360D F/U, Active ROM Affected Arm, Med Rotation
82.4 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 20.82
Summary of Range of Motion
360D F/U, Passive ROM Affected Arm, Abduction
109.0 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 37.67
Summary of Range of Motion
360D F/U, Passive ROM Affected Arm, Flexion
98.4 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 38.10
Summary of Range of Motion
360D F/U, Passive ROM Affected Arm, Extension
82.8 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 42.48
Summary of Range of Motion
360D F/U, Passive ROM Affected Arm, Lat Rotation
41.8 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 18.70
Summary of Range of Motion
360D F/U, Passive ROM Affected Arm, Med Rotation
84.6 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 23.49
Summary of Range of Motion
180D F/U, Active ROM Affected Arm, Abduction
78.8 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 34.12
Summary of Range of Motion
180D F/U, Active ROM Affected Arm, Flexion
84.0 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 36.98
Summary of Range of Motion
180D F/U, Active ROM Affected Arm, Extension
61.0 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 31.83
Summary of Range of Motion
180D F/U, Active ROM Affected Arm, Lat Rotation
36.0 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 16.28
Summary of Range of Motion
180D F/U, Active ROM Affected Arm, Med Rotation
79.2 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 17.24
Summary of Range of Motion
180D F/U, Passive ROM Affected Arm, Abduction
94.3 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 33.00
Summary of Range of Motion
180D F/U, Passive ROM Affected Arm, Flexion
93.3 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 38.92
Summary of Range of Motion
180D F/U, Passive ROM Affected Arm, Extension
68.7 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 31.56
Summary of Range of Motion
180D F/U, Passive ROM Affected Arm, Lat Rotation
43.0 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 16.36
Summary of Range of Motion
180D F/U, Passive ROM Affected Arm, Med Rotation
87.4 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 18.21
Summary of Range of Motion
180D F/U, Active ROM Unaffected Arm, Abduction
170.6 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 14.78
Summary of Range of Motion
180D F/U, Active ROM Unaffected Arm, Flexion
168.8 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 11.11
Summary of Range of Motion
180D F/U, Active ROM Unaffected Arm, Extension
64.4 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 14.02
Summary of Range of Motion
180D F/U, Active ROM Unaffected Arm, Lat Rotation
61.5 Unit of measure, Degrees
Standard Deviation 16.18

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 180 and 360 days

Population: Intent-to-Treat (ITT) Population, subjects who had visit data.

Disability status as determined by the investigator

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System (PBSS)
n=33 Participants
The PBSS is comprised of an inflatable, thin walled polyethylene terephthalate (PET; Dacron™) balloon mounted on an insertion catheter. This balloon catheter system is designed to deliver the monomer cement to the fracture site via the medullary canal of the bone. Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System: Treatment of acute humerus fractures
Summary of Disability Status
360 day follow-up · Disabled
2 Participants
Summary of Disability Status
180 day follow-up · Disabled
3 Participants
Summary of Disability Status
360 day follow-up · Not Disabled
26 Participants
Summary of Disability Status
180 day follow-up · Not Disabled
24 Participants

Adverse Events

Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System (PBSS)

Serious events: 14 serious events
Other events: 14 other events
Deaths: 4 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System (PBSS)
n=33 participants at risk
The PBSS is comprised of an inflatable, thin walled polyethylene terephthalate (PET; Dacron™) balloon mounted on an insertion catheter. This balloon catheter system is designed to deliver the monomer cement to the fracture site via the medullary canal of the bone. Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System: Treatment of acute humerus fractures
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Foot fracture
3.0%
1/33 • Number of events 1 • 1 year
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Humerus fracture
3.0%
1/33 • Number of events 1 • 1 year
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Bone pain
3.0%
1/33 • Number of events 1 • 1 year
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Musculoskeletal pain
3.0%
1/33 • Number of events 1 • 1 year
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
Angiosarcoma metastatic
3.0%
1/33 • Number of events 1 • 1 year
Nervous system disorders
Sciatica
3.0%
1/33 • Number of events 1 • 1 year
Psychiatric disorders
Confusional state
3.0%
1/33 • Number of events 1 • 1 year
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Pneumonia aspiration
3.0%
1/33 • Number of events 1 • 1 year
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Pulmonary embolism
3.0%
1/33 • Number of events 1 • 1 year
Cardiac disorders
Myocardial infarction
3.0%
1/33 • Number of events 1 • 1 year
Gastrointestinal disorders
Ileus
3.0%
1/33 • Number of events 1 • 1 year
General disorders
Device dislocation
3.0%
1/33 • Number of events 1 • 1 year
General disorders
Device extrusion
3.0%
1/33 • Number of events 1 • 1 year
General disorders
Implant site reaction
6.1%
2/33 • Number of events 2 • 1 year
General disorders
Sudden cardiac death
3.0%
1/33 • Number of events 1 • 1 year
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Bone fragmentation
3.0%
1/33 • Number of events 1 • 1 year

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System (PBSS)
n=33 participants at risk
The PBSS is comprised of an inflatable, thin walled polyethylene terephthalate (PET; Dacron™) balloon mounted on an insertion catheter. This balloon catheter system is designed to deliver the monomer cement to the fracture site via the medullary canal of the bone. Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System: Treatment of acute humerus fractures
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Anaemia
12.1%
4/33 • Number of events 4 • 1 year
Gastrointestinal disorders
Nausea
9.1%
3/33 • Number of events 3 • 1 year
Infections and infestations
Pneumonia
6.1%
2/33 • Number of events 2 • 1 year
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Wound secretion
9.1%
3/33 • Number of events 3 • 1 year
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Musculoskeletal pain
6.1%
2/33 • Number of events 2 • 1 year
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Osteopenia
6.1%
2/33 • Number of events 2 • 1 year
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Osteoporosis
9.1%
3/33 • Number of events 3 • 1 year
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Pain in extremity
9.1%
3/33 • Number of events 3 • 1 year
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Resorption bone increased
6.1%
2/33 • Number of events 2 • 1 year
Nervous system disorders
Syncope
6.1%
2/33 • Number of events 2 • 1 year
Psychiatric disorders
Confusional state
9.1%
3/33 • Number of events 3 • 1 year
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Decubitus ulcer
9.1%
3/33 • Number of events 3 • 1 year
Vascular disorders
Hypotension
6.1%
2/33 • Number of events 2 • 1 year

Additional Information

Gene DiPoto

IlluminOss Medical Inc.

Phone: 401-714-0008

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee At least sixty (60) days prior to submission of any material for publication or presentation, the Investigator shall jointly provide the sponsor with the material for review. The sponsor may deny such approval only, if any publication of the work results, inventions or findings jeopardizes the confidentiality of business or trade secrets or would impair the issuance of intellectual property rights or if the content of the planned publication is technically incorrect.
  • Publication restrictions are in place

Restriction type: OTHER