Trial Outcomes & Findings for To Evaluate the Efficacy and Tolerability of Sodium Bicarbonate Toothpaste (NCT NCT02207907)

NCT ID: NCT02207907

Last Updated: 2017-04-13

Results Overview

Number of gingival bleeding sites were measured as bleeding index via a single examiner using a color coded periodontal probe. The probe was engaged approximately 1 millimetre (mm) into the gingival crevice. A moderate pressure was used whilst sweeping from interproximal to interproximal along the sulcular epithelium. The BI scoring system used to measure bleeding sites is as follows: 0= No bleeding after 30 seconds; 1= Bleeding upon probing after 30 seconds; 2= Immediate bleeding observed. A bleeding site was considered as a BI score of 1 or 2.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE2

Target enrollment

247 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Baseline, 24 weeks

Results posted on

2017-04-13

Participant Flow

The participants were recruited at a clinical site in the USA.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Sodium Bicarbonate Dentrifice
Experimental dentifrice containing sodium bicarbonate plus 1150 parts per million (ppm) fluoride as sodium fluoride
0% Sodium Bicarbonate Dentrifice
Toothpaste containing 1100 ppm fluoride as sodium fluoride
Overall Study
STARTED
124
123
Overall Study
COMPLETED
113
115
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
11
8

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Sodium Bicarbonate Dentrifice
Experimental dentifrice containing sodium bicarbonate plus 1150 parts per million (ppm) fluoride as sodium fluoride
0% Sodium Bicarbonate Dentrifice
Toothpaste containing 1100 ppm fluoride as sodium fluoride
Overall Study
Lost to Follow-up
3
1
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
5
6
Overall Study
Did not meet study criteria
3
0
Overall Study
Pregnancy
0
1

Baseline Characteristics

To Evaluate the Efficacy and Tolerability of Sodium Bicarbonate Toothpaste

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Sodium Bicarbonate Dentrifice
n=124 Participants
Experimental dentifrice containing sodium bicarbonate plus 1150 parts per million (ppm) fluoride as sodium fluoride
0% Sodium Bicarbonate Dentrifice
n=123 Participants
Toothpaste containing 1100 ppm fluoride as sodium fluoride
Total
n=247 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
34.52 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.162 • n=99 Participants
37.55 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.977 • n=107 Participants
36.03 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.631 • n=206 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
69 Participants
n=99 Participants
72 Participants
n=107 Participants
141 Participants
n=206 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
55 Participants
n=99 Participants
51 Participants
n=107 Participants
106 Participants
n=206 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 24 weeks

Population: Intent-to-Treat (ITT) population, defined as those participants who received study treatment and had at least one post-baseline efficacy measurement.

Number of gingival bleeding sites were measured as bleeding index via a single examiner using a color coded periodontal probe. The probe was engaged approximately 1 millimetre (mm) into the gingival crevice. A moderate pressure was used whilst sweeping from interproximal to interproximal along the sulcular epithelium. The BI scoring system used to measure bleeding sites is as follows: 0= No bleeding after 30 seconds; 1= Bleeding upon probing after 30 seconds; 2= Immediate bleeding observed. A bleeding site was considered as a BI score of 1 or 2.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Sodium Bicarbonate Dentrifice
n=118 Participants
Experimental dentifrice containing sodium bicarbonate plus 1150 parts per million (ppm) fluoride as sodium fluoride
0% Sodium Bicarbonate Dentrifice
n=122 Participants
Toothpaste containing 1100 ppm fluoride as sodium fluoride
Number of Gingival Bleeding Sites at 24 Weeks
Number of Bleeding Sites at Baseline
45.13 number of gingival bleeding sites
Standard Error 1.393
45.84 number of gingival bleeding sites
Standard Error 1.448
Number of Gingival Bleeding Sites at 24 Weeks
Number of Bleeding sites after 24 weeks
18.67 number of gingival bleeding sites
Standard Error 1.142
36.39 number of gingival bleeding sites
Standard Error 1.510

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 24 weeks

Population: Intent-to-Treat (ITT) population, defined as those participants who received study treatment and had at least one post-baseline efficacy measurement

The Modified Gingival Index (MGI) was assessed on facial and lingual surfaces at two sites on each tooth (papillae and margin). The scoring of the MGI was performed under dental office conditions using a standard dental light for illuminating the oral cavity. Compressed air, water and mouth mirrors were available to each examiner. This procedure was performed by a single examiner. The MGI scoring system is as follows: 0 = absence of inflammation; 1 = mild inflammation; slight change in color, little change in color; little change in texture of any portion of the marginal or papillary gingival unit; 2 = mild inflammation; criteria as above but involving the entire marginal or papillar gingival units; 3= moderate inflammation; glazing, redness, edema, and/ or hypertrophy of the marginal or papillary gingival unit; 4 = severe inflammation; marked redness, edema and/or hypertrophy of the marginal or papillary gingival unit, spontaneous bleeding, congestion, or ulceration

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Sodium Bicarbonate Dentrifice
n=118 Participants
Experimental dentifrice containing sodium bicarbonate plus 1150 parts per million (ppm) fluoride as sodium fluoride
0% Sodium Bicarbonate Dentrifice
n=122 Participants
Toothpaste containing 1100 ppm fluoride as sodium fluoride
Modified Gingival Index (MGI) at 24 Weeks
Modified Gingival Index at Baseline
2.53 Units on a scale
Standard Error 0.017
2.54 Units on a scale
Standard Error 0.018
Modified Gingival Index (MGI) at 24 Weeks
Modified Gingival Index after 24 weeks
2.23 Units on a scale
Standard Error 0.021
2.43 Units on a scale
Standard Error 0.210

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 6 and 12 weeks

Population: Intent-to-Treat (ITT) population, defined as those participants who received study treatment and had at least one post-baseline efficacy measurement

Number of gingival bleeding sites were measured as bleeding index via a single examiner using a color coded periodontal probe. The probe was engaged approximately 1 millimetre (mm) into the gingival crevice. A moderate pressure was used whilst sweeping from interproximal to interproximal along the sulcular epithelium. The BI scoring system used to measure bleeding sites is as follows: 0= No bleeding after 30 seconds; 1= Bleeding upon probing after 30 seconds; 2= Immediate bleeding observed. A bleeding site was considered as a BI score of 1 or 2.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Sodium Bicarbonate Dentrifice
n=118 Participants
Experimental dentifrice containing sodium bicarbonate plus 1150 parts per million (ppm) fluoride as sodium fluoride
0% Sodium Bicarbonate Dentrifice
n=122 Participants
Toothpaste containing 1100 ppm fluoride as sodium fluoride
Number of Gingival Bleeding Sites at 6 and 12 Weeks.
Number of Bleeding Sites after 6 weeks
25.40 number of gingival bleeding sites
Standard Error 0.999
40.27 number of gingival bleeding sites
Standard Error 1.448
Number of Gingival Bleeding Sites at 6 and 12 Weeks.
Number of Bleeding sites after 12 weeks
20.83 number of gingival bleeding sites
Standard Error 0.915
34.23 number of gingival bleeding sites
Standard Error 1.260
Number of Gingival Bleeding Sites at 6 and 12 Weeks.
Number of Bleeding Sites at Baseline
45.13 number of gingival bleeding sites
Standard Error 1.393
45.84 number of gingival bleeding sites
Standard Error 1.448

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 6 and 12 weeks

Population: Intent-to-Treat (ITT) population, defined as those participants who received study treatment and had at least one post-baseline efficacy measurement

MGI was assessed on facial and lingual surfaces at two sites on each tooth (papillae and margin). The scoring of the MGI was performed under dental office conditions using a standard dental light for illuminating the oral cavity. Compressed air, water and mouth mirrors were available to each examiner. This procedure was performed by a single examiner. The MGI scoring system is as follows: 0 = absence of inflammation; 1 = mild inflammation; slight change in color, little change in color; little change in texture of any portion of the marginal or papillary gingival unit; 2 = mild inflammation; criteria as above but involving the entire marginal or papillar gingival units; 3= moderate inflammation; glazing, redness, edema, and/ or hypertrophy of the marginal or papillary gingival unit; 4 = severe inflammation; marked redness, edema and/or hypertrophy of the marginal or papillary gingival unit, spontaneous bleeding, congestion, or ulceration

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Sodium Bicarbonate Dentrifice
n=118 Participants
Experimental dentifrice containing sodium bicarbonate plus 1150 parts per million (ppm) fluoride as sodium fluoride
0% Sodium Bicarbonate Dentrifice
n=122 Participants
Toothpaste containing 1100 ppm fluoride as sodium fluoride
Modified Gingival Index (MGI) at 6 and 12 Weeks.
Modified Gingival Index at Baseline
2.53 Units on a scale
Standard Error 0.017
2.54 Units on a scale
Standard Error 0.018
Modified Gingival Index (MGI) at 6 and 12 Weeks.
Modified Gingival Index after 6 weeks
2.28 Units on a scale
Standard Error 0.017
2.45 Units on a scale
Standard Error 0.018
Modified Gingival Index (MGI) at 6 and 12 Weeks.
Modified Gingival Index after 12 weeks
2.24 Units on a scale
Standard Error 0.018
2.40 Units on a scale
Standard Error 0.018

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 6, 12 and 24 weeks

Population: Intent-to-Treat (ITT) population, defined as those participants who received study treatment and had at least one post-baseline efficacy measurement

The Bleeding Index was performed by a single examiner using a color coded periodontal probe. The probe was engaged approximately 1 millimetre (mm) into the gingival crevice. A moderate pressure was used whilst sweeping from interproximal to interproximal along the sulcular epithelium. The BI scoring system to be used is as follows: 0= No bleeding after 30 seconds; 1= Bleeding upon probing after 30 seconds; 2= Immediate bleeding observed

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Sodium Bicarbonate Dentrifice
n=118 Participants
Experimental dentifrice containing sodium bicarbonate plus 1150 parts per million (ppm) fluoride as sodium fluoride
0% Sodium Bicarbonate Dentrifice
n=122 Participants
Toothpaste containing 1100 ppm fluoride as sodium fluoride
Bleeding Index at 6, 12 and 24 Weeks
Bleeding Index Score at Baseline
0.45 Units on a Scale
Standard Error 0.014
0.47 Units on a Scale
Standard Error 0.014
Bleeding Index at 6, 12 and 24 Weeks
Bleeding Index Score after 6 weeks
0.25 Units on a Scale
Standard Error 0.010
0.41 Units on a Scale
Standard Error 0.014
Bleeding Index at 6, 12 and 24 Weeks
Bleeding Index Score after 12 weeks
0.21 Units on a Scale
Standard Error 0.009
0.35 Units on a Scale
Standard Error 0.012
Bleeding Index at 6, 12 and 24 Weeks
Bleeding Index Score after 24 weeks
0.19 Units on a Scale
Standard Error 0.012
0.37 Units on a Scale
Standard Error 0.014

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 6,12 and 24 weeks

Population: Intent-to-Treat (ITT) population, defined as those participants who received study treatment and had at least one post-baseline efficacy measurement

The dental examiner used the Turesky Modification of the Quigley Hein Index to assess plaque on all gradable teeth. The plaque was first disclosed using a dye solution. Participants then rinsed with disclosing solution according to instructions. They had expectorated and rinsed with 10 mL of water for 10 seconds and expectorated again. Plaque was assessed with each tooth being divided into 6 areas including the mesiofacial, facial, distofacial, mesiolingual, lingual and distolingual surfaces. Disclosed plaque was scored as follows: 0= No plaque; 1= Slight flecks of plaque at the cervical margin of the tooth; 2= A thin continuous band of plaque (1 mm or smaller) at the cervical margin of the tooth; 3= A band of plaque wider than 1 mm but covering less than 1/3 of the crown of the tooth; 4= Plaque covering at least 1/3 but less tan 2/3 of the crown of the tooth; 5= Plaque covering 2/3 or more of the crown of the tooth

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Sodium Bicarbonate Dentrifice
n=118 Participants
Experimental dentifrice containing sodium bicarbonate plus 1150 parts per million (ppm) fluoride as sodium fluoride
0% Sodium Bicarbonate Dentrifice
n=122 Participants
Toothpaste containing 1100 ppm fluoride as sodium fluoride
Plaque Control (Overall and Interproximal Dental Plaque Scores) Using Turesky Modification of Quigley &Amp; Hein Plaque Index at 6, 12 and 24 Weeks.
Interproximal Plaque Score after 12 weeks
2.64 Units on a scale
Standard Error 0.028
3.01 Units on a scale
Standard Error 0.022
Plaque Control (Overall and Interproximal Dental Plaque Scores) Using Turesky Modification of Quigley &Amp; Hein Plaque Index at 6, 12 and 24 Weeks.
Overall Plaque Score at Baseline
3.04 Units on a scale
Standard Error 0.019
3.00 Units on a scale
Standard Error 0.019
Plaque Control (Overall and Interproximal Dental Plaque Scores) Using Turesky Modification of Quigley &Amp; Hein Plaque Index at 6, 12 and 24 Weeks.
Overall Plaque Score after 6 weeks
2.65 Units on a scale
Standard Error 0.030
2.98 Units on a scale
Standard Error 0.021
Plaque Control (Overall and Interproximal Dental Plaque Scores) Using Turesky Modification of Quigley &Amp; Hein Plaque Index at 6, 12 and 24 Weeks.
Overall Plaque Score after 12 weeks
2.55 Units on a scale
Standard Error 0.029
2.92 Units on a scale
Standard Error 0.025
Plaque Control (Overall and Interproximal Dental Plaque Scores) Using Turesky Modification of Quigley &Amp; Hein Plaque Index at 6, 12 and 24 Weeks.
Overall Plaque Score after 24 weeks
2.52 Units on a scale
Standard Error 0.032
2.95 Units on a scale
Standard Error 0.020
Plaque Control (Overall and Interproximal Dental Plaque Scores) Using Turesky Modification of Quigley &Amp; Hein Plaque Index at 6, 12 and 24 Weeks.
Interproximal Plaque Score at Baseline
3.12 Units on a scale
Standard Error 0.019
3.08 Units on a scale
Standard Error 0.018
Plaque Control (Overall and Interproximal Dental Plaque Scores) Using Turesky Modification of Quigley &Amp; Hein Plaque Index at 6, 12 and 24 Weeks.
Interproximal Plaque Score after 6 weeks
2.73 Units on a scale
Standard Error 0.029
3.05 Units on a scale
Standard Error 0.020
Plaque Control (Overall and Interproximal Dental Plaque Scores) Using Turesky Modification of Quigley &Amp; Hein Plaque Index at 6, 12 and 24 Weeks.
Interproximal Plaque Score after 24 weeks
2.61 Units on a scale
Standard Error 0.031
3.03 Units on a scale
Standard Error 0.019

Adverse Events

Sodium Bicarbonate Dentrifice

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 7 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

0% Sodium Bicarbonate Dentrifice

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 8 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Sodium Bicarbonate Dentrifice
n=124 participants at risk
Experimental dentifrice containing sodium bicarbonate plus 1150 parts per million (ppm) fluoride as sodium fluoride
0% Sodium Bicarbonate Dentrifice
n=123 participants at risk
Toothpaste containing 1100 ppm fluoride as sodium fluoride
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
MOUTH INJURY
2.4%
3/124
2.4%
3/123
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
PROCEDURAL PAIN
0.81%
1/124
0.81%
1/123
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
THERMAL BURN
0.81%
1/124
0.81%
1/123
Infections and infestations
BRONCHITIS
0.81%
1/124
0.00%
0/123
Infections and infestations
NASOPHARYNGITIS
0.00%
0/124
0.81%
1/123
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
OVARIAN CYST RUPTURED
0.81%
1/124
0.00%
0/123
Gastrointestinal disorders
ABDOMINAL PAIN
0.00%
0/124
0.81%
1/123
Gastrointestinal disorders
GINGIVAL PAIN
0.00%
0/124
0.81%
1/123
Gastrointestinal disorders
SENSITIVITY OF TEETH
0.00%
0/124
0.81%
1/123

Additional Information

GSK Response Center

GlaxoSmithKline

Phone: 866-435-7343

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee GSK agreements may vary with individual investigators, but will not prohibit any investigator from publishing. GSK supports the publication of results from all centers of a multi-center trial but requests that reports based on single-site data not precede the primary publication of the entire clinical trial.
  • Publication restrictions are in place

Restriction type: OTHER