Trial Outcomes & Findings for Study of Intrathecal Idursulfase-IT Administered in Conjunction With Elaprase® in Pediatric Patients With Hunter Syndrome and Early Cognitive Impairment (NCT NCT02055118)

Study was conducted at 9 centers in Australia, Canada, France, Mexico, Spain, the United Kingdom and the United States between 24 Mar 2014 (first participant first visit) and 28 Sep 2017 (last participant last visit).

Overall, 103 participants were screened, of them 54 participants failed to meet the randomization and remaining 49 participants were randomized to receive either IT treatment or No IT treatment in pivotal study. A total of 9 participants were enrolled into the substudy.

Study of Intrathecal Idursulfase-IT Administered in Conjunction With Elaprase® in Pediatric Patients With Hunter Syndrome and Early Cognitive Impairment

The DAS-II was used to assess cognitive development in all randomized participants. The GCA standard score of the DAS-II was used to obtain a general measure of cognitive ability. The GCA score represent a score (mean = 100 and standard deviation of 15) on which higher scores indicate a higher level of cognitive ability. The score ranges from 30 to 170. A positive change value indicates improvement in cognitive ability.

The VABS-II test measures adaptive behaviors, including the ability to cope with environmental changes, to learn new everyday skills, and to demonstrate independence. This test measures the following 4 key domains: communication, daily living skills, socialization, motor skills, and the adaptive behavior composite (a composite of the other 4 domains). The ABC score ranges from 20 to 160 on which higher scores indicate a higher level of adaptive functioning. A positive change value indicates improvement in adaptive functioning.

The DAS-II was used to assess cognitive development in all randomized participants. The GCA standard score of the DAS-II was used to obtain a general measure of cognitive ability. The GCA score represent a score (mean = 100 and standard deviation of 15) on which higher scores indicate a higher level of cognitive ability. The score ranges from 30 to 170. A positive change value indicates improvement in cognitive ability.

The VABS-II test measures adaptive behaviors, including the ability to cope with environmental changes, to learn new everyday skills, and to demonstrate independence. This test measures the following 4 key domains: communication, daily living skills, socialization, motor skills, and the adaptive behavior composite (a composite of the other 4 domains). The ABC score ranges from 20 to 160 on which higher scores indicate a higher level of adaptive functioning. A positive change value indicates improvement in adaptive functioning.

The DAS-II was used to assess cognitive development in all randomized participants. The cluster scores represent a score (mean = 100 and standard deviation of 15) on which higher scores indicate a higher level of cognitive ability in each cluster: verbal (score range: 31-169), nonverbal (score range: 31-166) and spatial (score range: 32-170).

The VABS-II test measures adaptive behaviors, including the ability to cope with environmental changes, to learn new everyday skills, and to demonstrate independence. This test measures the following 4 key domains: communication, daily living skills, socialization, motor skills, and the adaptive behavior composite (a composite of the other 4 domains). The standard scores represent a score (mean = 100 and standard deviation of 15) on which higher scores indicate a higher level of cognitive ability. A positive change value indicates improvement in adaptive functioning. Communication, daily living skills, socialization and motor skills domains were reported here. The range for individual standard scores is 20-160.

The DAS-II was used to assess cognitive development in all randomized participants. The early years battery is designed for children ages 2 years 6 months through 6 years 11 months. Standardized scores were converted to age equivalent scores to measure ability, skill, and knowledge expressed as the age at which most individuals reach the same level. The mean age equivalent score is obtained by averaging out the age-equivalent scores. The higher score indicates greater cognitive ability. The subtest score represent a score (mean = 50 and standard deviation of 10) on which higher scores indicate a higher level of cognitive ability. A positive change value indicates improvement in cognitive ability.

The DAS-II was used to assess cognitive development in all randomized participants. The school age battery is designed for children ages 7 years 0 months through 17 years 11 months. Standardized scores were converted to age equivalent scores to measure ability, skill, and knowledge expressed as the age at which most individuals reach the same level. The mean age equivalent score is obtained by averaging out the age-equivalent scores. The higher score indicates greater cognitive ability. The subtest score represents a score (mean = 50 and standard deviation of 10) on which higher scores indicate a higher level of cognitive ability. A positive change value indicates improvement in cognitive ability. In the below table, SQR stands for "Sequential \& Quantitative Reasoning".

The DAS-II was used to assess cognitive development in all randomized participants. The early years battery is designed for children ages 2 years 6 months through 6 years 11 months. The DQ is a means to express a neurodevelopmental/cognitive delay. The DQ was computed as a ratio and expressed as a percentage using the age-equivalent score divided by the age at testing (\[age-equivalent score/chronological age\] × 100; range, 0, 100). The higher score indicates greater cognitive ability. The subtest score represent a score (mean = 50 and standard deviation of 10) on which higher scores indicate a higher level of cognitive ability. A positive change value indicates improvement in cognitive ability.

The DAS-II was used to assess cognitive development in all randomized participants. The school age battery is designed for children ages 7 years 0 months through 17 years 11 months. The DQ is a means to express a neurodevelopmental/cognitive delay. The DQ was computed as a ratio and expressed as a percentage using the age-equivalent score divided by the age at testing (\[age-equivalent score/chronological age\] × 100; range, 0, 100). The higher score indicates greater cognitive ability. The subtest score represent a score (mean = 50 and standard deviation of 10) on which higher scores indicate a higher level of cognitive ability. A positive change value indicates improvement in cognitive ability. In the below table, SQR stands for "Sequential \& Quantitative Reasoning".

The DAS-II was used to assess cognitive development in all randomized participants. The early years battery is designed for children ages 2 years 6 months through 6 years 11 months. The higher score indicates greater cognitive ability. The subtest score represent a score (mean = 50 and standard deviation of 10) on which higher scores indicate a higher level of cognitive ability. A positive change value indicates improvement in cognitive ability.

The DAS-II was used to assess cognitive development in all randomized participants. The school age battery is designed for children ages 7 years 0 months through 17 years 11 months. The higher score indicates greater cognitive ability. The subtest score represent a score (mean = 50 and standard deviation of 10) on which higher scores indicate a higher level of cognitive ability. A positive change value indicates improvement in cognitive ability. In the below table, SQR stands for "Sequential \& Quantitative Reasoning".

The VABS-II test measures adaptive behaviors, including the ability to cope with environmental changes, to learn new everyday skills, and to demonstrate independence. Standardized scores (range 40-160) were converted to age equivalent scores to measure ability, skill, and knowledge expressed as the age at which most individuals reach the same level. The mean age equivalent score is obtained by averaging out the age-equivalent scores for the all the sub-domains except for Gross and Fine motor skills (range: 0, unbound). A positive value indicates improvement in health and cognition.

The VABS-II test measures adaptive behaviors, including the ability to cope with environmental changes, to learn new everyday skills, and to demonstrate independence. The DQ is a means to express a neurodevelopmental/cognitive delay. The DQ was computed as a ratio and expressed as a percentage using the age-equivalent score divided by the age at testing (\[age-equivalent score/chronological age\] × 100; range, 0, 100). The overall DQ score is calculated from the mean age-equivalent score obtained by averaging out the age equivalent scores for the all the sub-domains except for Gross and Fine motor skills. This test measures the following 4 key domains: communication, daily living skills, socialization, motor skills, and the adaptive behavior composite (a composite of the other 4 domains). A positive value indicates improvement in health and cognition.

The VABS-II test measures adaptive behaviors, including the ability to cope with environmental changes, to learn new everyday skills, and to demonstrate independence. This test measures the following 4 key domains: communication, daily living skills, socialization, motor skills, and the adaptive behavior composite (a composite of the other 4 domains). The V-scale scores represent a score (mean = 15 and standard deviation of 3; range: 1-24) on which higher scores indicate a higher level of adaptive functioning. A positive change value indicates improvement in adaptive functioning.

The VABS-II test measures adaptive behaviors, including the ability to cope with environmental changes, to learn new everyday skills, and to demonstrate independence. Maladaptive behavior index is a composite of the internalizing, externalizing, and other types of undesirable behavior that may interfere with the individual's adaptive functioning. The V-scale scores represent a score (mean = 15 and standard deviation of 3; range: 1-24) on which higher scores indicate greater maladaptive behaviors. A positive change value indicates increase of maladaptive behavior.

The VABS-II test measures adaptive behaviors, including the ability to cope with environmental changes, to learn new everyday skills, and to demonstrate independence. Maladaptive behavior index (MBI) is a composite of the internalizing, externalizing, and other types of undesirable behavior that may interfere with the individual's adaptive functioning. The V scale scores represent a score (mean = 15 and standard deviation of 3; range: 1-24) on which higher scores indicate greater maladaptive behaviors. The v-scale score ranges for MBI, externalizing and internalizing scores are defined as clinically significant: 21-24, elevated: 18-20, average: 1-17.

The Cmax of idursulfase after IT administration was reported.

The tmax of idursulfase after IT administration was reported.

The AUC0-t of idursulfase after IT administration was reported.

The t1/2 of idursulfase after IT administration was reported.

The CL/F of idursulfase after IT administration was reported.

Change from baseline in the concentration of GAG in CSF was reported.

CSF samples were collected via the IDDD or lumbar puncture prior to the injection of Idursulfase-IT.

The EQ-5D provides a descriptive profile and index value for health status. The questionnaire measures 5 dimensions of health status: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. For each dimension, there are 5 levels of response: no problems, slight problems, moderate problems, severe problems, and unable to do/extreme problems.

An adverse event (AE) was any noxious, pathologic, or unintended change in anatomical, physiologic, or metabolic function as indicated by physical signs, symptoms, or laboratory changes occurring in any phase of a clinical study, whether or not considered investigational product-related. Treatment-emergent AEs for the no IT treatment group were defined as all AEs occurring on or after the date of randomization and at or before the end of the study (EOS) visit. Treatment-emergent AEs for the IT treatment group were defined as all AEs occurring on or after the date of the first IDDD implant surgery or Treatment-Emergentfirst dose of the investigational product (whichever was earlier) and at or before the EOS visit (+30 days) or 2 weeks after the removal of the last IDDD (whichever was later).

Participants who were younger than 3 years were assessed using the BSID-III. The BSID--III is a series of measurements to assess the motor (fine and gross), language (receptive and expressive), and cognitive development of infants and toddlers and consists of a series of developmental play tasks. The composite score for the cognitive scale, language scale, and motor scale are normed and have a mean=100, SD=15 and range of 40-160. Higher values denote stronger skills and abilities in the domain, indicating better outcomes. Participant wise data at evaluable timepoints was reported for this outcome.

Participants who were younger than 3 years were assessed using the BSID-III. The BSID--III is a series of measurements to assess the motor (fine and gross), language (receptive and expressive), and cognitive development of infants and toddlers and consists of a series of developmental play tasks. Percentile scores range from 1 to 99 with 50 as the mean and median. Higher percentile means higher the rank of the child relative to the normed population. Participant wise data at evaluable timepoints was reported for this outcome.

Participants who were younger than 3 years were assessed using the BSID-III. The BSID--III is a series of measurements to assess the motor (fine and gross), language (receptive and expressive), and cognitive development of infants and toddlers and consists of a series of developmental play tasks. Standardized scores (range 40-160) were converted to age- equivalent scores to measure ability, skill, and knowledge expressed as the age at which most individuals reach the same level (age norm; range: 0, unbound). Higher values present better outcomes. Participant wise data at evaluable timepoints was reported for this outcome.