Trial Outcomes & Findings for Lumbar Puncture and Syphilis Outcome (NCT NCT02031146)

NCT ID: NCT02031146

Last Updated: 2021-05-25

Results Overview

Decline in serum RPR titer by four-fold or to nonreactive at 6 months (+/- 4 weeks) in early syphilis or at 12 months (+/- 4 weeks) in late syphilis. This is the definition of treatment success according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

231 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

6-12 months +/- 4 weeks

Results posted on

2021-05-25

Participant Flow

The protocol section asks how many participants were enrolled. 219 unique participants were enrolled, but 12 had two enrollments. Thus there are 231 enrollment visits.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Randomized, Lumbar Puncture (LP)
Randomized to lumbar puncture (LP) arm
Reenrolled, Randomized, LP
Randomised after a second enrollment, underwent LP
Randomized, no LP
Randomized and did not undergo LP. Includes one person for whom LP was unsuccessful.
Not Randomized, LP
Not randomized and underwent LP.
Not Randomized, no LP
Not randomized and did not undergo LP.
Reenrolled, Not Randomized, no LP
Not randomized during another episode of syphilis. Did not undergo LP.
Reenrolled, Not Randomized, LP
Not randomized with a new episode of syphilis, underwent LP
Overall Study
STARTED
11
3
18
148
42
4
5
Overall Study
Considered in Analysis
11
3
18
48
16
0
0
Overall Study
COMPLETED
11
3
18
48
16
0
0
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
0
0
0
100
26
4
5

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Randomized, Lumbar Puncture (LP)
Randomized to lumbar puncture (LP) arm
Reenrolled, Randomized, LP
Randomised after a second enrollment, underwent LP
Randomized, no LP
Randomized and did not undergo LP. Includes one person for whom LP was unsuccessful.
Not Randomized, LP
Not randomized and underwent LP.
Not Randomized, no LP
Not randomized and did not undergo LP.
Reenrolled, Not Randomized, no LP
Not randomized during another episode of syphilis. Did not undergo LP.
Reenrolled, Not Randomized, LP
Not randomized with a new episode of syphilis, underwent LP
Overall Study
Did not meet criteria for inclusion in data analysis
0
0
0
100
26
4
5

Baseline Characteristics

Lumbar Puncture and Syphilis Outcome

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Lumbar Puncture Group
n=62 Participants
Underwent lumbar puncture
No Lumbar Puncture Group
n=34 Participants
Did not undergo lumbar puncture
Total
n=96 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
36 years
n=99 Participants
34 years
n=107 Participants
35 years
n=206 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
1 Participants
n=99 Participants
0 Participants
n=107 Participants
1 Participants
n=206 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
61 Participants
n=99 Participants
34 Participants
n=107 Participants
95 Participants
n=206 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=99 Participants
0 Participants
n=107 Participants
0 Participants
n=206 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
1 Participants
n=99 Participants
1 Participants
n=107 Participants
2 Participants
n=206 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
1 Participants
n=99 Participants
2 Participants
n=107 Participants
3 Participants
n=206 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
6 Participants
n=99 Participants
4 Participants
n=107 Participants
10 Participants
n=206 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
45 Participants
n=99 Participants
26 Participants
n=107 Participants
71 Participants
n=206 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
9 Participants
n=99 Participants
1 Participants
n=107 Participants
10 Participants
n=206 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=99 Participants
0 Participants
n=107 Participants
0 Participants
n=206 Participants
Serum Rapid Plasma Reagin test (RPR) titer
128 titer
n=99 Participants
128 titer
n=107 Participants
128 titer
n=206 Participants
Impaired on CogState Battery
42 participants
n=99 Participants
20 participants
n=107 Participants
62 participants
n=206 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 6-12 months +/- 4 weeks

Decline in serum RPR titer by four-fold or to nonreactive at 6 months (+/- 4 weeks) in early syphilis or at 12 months (+/- 4 weeks) in late syphilis. This is the definition of treatment success according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Lumbar Puncture (LP), Treatment Based on Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF ) Results
n=42 Participants
Underwent lumbar puncture and treatment based on the results of cerebrospinal fluid findings. Specifically, those with abnormal CSF were treated for neurosyphilis and those without CSF abnormalities were treated for uncomplicated syphilis. The number of participants with late syphilis was too small to allow for separate analysis of early and late stages.
No Lumbar Puncture Group
n=31 Participants
Did not undergo lumbar puncture. All were treated for uncomplicated syphilis. The number of participants with late syphilis was too small to allow for separate analysis of early and late stages.
Appropriate Decline in Serum Rapid Plasma Reagin Test (RPR) Titer
38 Participants
30 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 6-12 months +/- 4 weeks

Assessment of cognitive impairment was based on age adjusted normative data from CogState and was categorized as none (all test scores \> -1 standard deviation \[SD\] of normative data), mild impairment (two test scores \< -1 SD, or one test score \< -2 SD), moderate impairment (two test scores \< -2 SD) or severe impairment (three test scores \< -2 SD). Participants were categorized as improved if they had any impairment at study entry and improved by at least one category.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Lumbar Puncture (LP), Treatment Based on Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF ) Results
n=34 Participants
Underwent lumbar puncture and treatment based on the results of cerebrospinal fluid findings. Specifically, those with abnormal CSF were treated for neurosyphilis and those without CSF abnormalities were treated for uncomplicated syphilis. The number of participants with late syphilis was too small to allow for separate analysis of early and late stages.
No Lumbar Puncture Group
n=20 Participants
Did not undergo lumbar puncture. All were treated for uncomplicated syphilis. The number of participants with late syphilis was too small to allow for separate analysis of early and late stages.
Time to Improvement in Performance on CogState Battery.
11.3 months
Interval 7.5 to 15.2
12.2 months
Interval 3.0 to 21.3

POST_HOC outcome

Timeframe: 6-12 months +/- 4 weeks

Population: Time to decline in performance on the CogState battery by log rank test.

Participants were categorized as declined if they were not severely impaired at entry and declined by at least one category. The impairment categories are: none (all test scores \> -1 standard deviation \[SD\] of normative data), mild impairment (two test scores \< -1 SD, or one test score \< -2 SD), moderate impairment (two test scores \< -2 SD) or severe impairment (three test scores \< -2 SD).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Lumbar Puncture (LP), Treatment Based on Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF ) Results
n=20 Participants
Underwent lumbar puncture and treatment based on the results of cerebrospinal fluid findings. Specifically, those with abnormal CSF were treated for neurosyphilis and those without CSF abnormalities were treated for uncomplicated syphilis. The number of participants with late syphilis was too small to allow for separate analysis of early and late stages.
No Lumbar Puncture Group
n=55 Participants
Did not undergo lumbar puncture. All were treated for uncomplicated syphilis. The number of participants with late syphilis was too small to allow for separate analysis of early and late stages.
Time to Decline in Performance on the CogState Battery
NA months
Less than 50% of individuals worsened, so no median time can be reported.
12.3 months
Interval 4.1 to 20.5

Adverse Events

Underwent Lumbar Puncture

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Did Not Undergo Lumbar Puncture

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Christina Marra, MD

University of Washington

Phone: 206-744-3251

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place