Trial Outcomes & Findings for Pre-arrival Instructions Effect on Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR). (NCT NCT02007499)

NCT ID: NCT02007499

Last Updated: 2026-04-07

Results Overview

The overall goal of this study is to determine the rate of bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) before and after implementation of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) pre-arrival instructions program in Milwaukee County

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Target enrollment

274 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Up to 2 years prior to intervention and up to 2 years post intervention

Results posted on

2026-04-07

Participant Flow

Subjects were \> 21 years with non-EMS witnessed OHCA of presumed cardiac origin. Cases of obvious irreversible death, trauma-related OHCA, known DNR, or in which EMS or other healthcare provider CPR was performed were excluded Total 344 OHCA in 2 communities 20 \< 21 years, 50 non-cardiac arrest, 75 CPR not specified, so 199 met inclusion criteria

Analyze how implementation of CPR pre-arrival instruction affected probability of receiving bystander CPR, to determine rate of bystander CPR before and after implementation of instructions, explore relationship to age, gender, location of arrest on survival to hospital discharge. Total 344 OHCA in 2 communities, 20 \< 21 year, 50 non-cardiac arrest

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Pre-arrival CPR Instruction Before Intervention in Community 1
Pre-arrival Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) instruction for bystander Before Intervention Group in Community 1 was 34
Pre-arrival CPR Instruction After Intervention in Community 1
Pre-arrival Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) instruction for bystander After Intervention Group in Community 1 was 46
Pre-arrival CPR Instruction Before Intervention in Community 2
Pre-arrival Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) instruction for bystander Before Intervention Group in Community 2 was 76
Pre-arrival CPR Instruction After Intervention in Community 2
Pre-arrival Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) instruction for bystander After Intervention Group in Community 2 was 43
Overall Study
STARTED
44
63
99
68
Overall Study
COMPLETED
34
46
76
43
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
10
17
23
25

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Pre-arrival CPR Instruction Before Intervention in Community 1
Pre-arrival Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) instruction for bystander Before Intervention Group in Community 1 was 34
Pre-arrival CPR Instruction After Intervention in Community 1
Pre-arrival Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) instruction for bystander After Intervention Group in Community 1 was 46
Pre-arrival CPR Instruction Before Intervention in Community 2
Pre-arrival Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) instruction for bystander Before Intervention Group in Community 2 was 76
Pre-arrival CPR Instruction After Intervention in Community 2
Pre-arrival Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) instruction for bystander After Intervention Group in Community 2 was 43
Overall Study
Protocol Violation
10
17
23
25

Baseline Characteristics

Pre-arrival Instructions Effect on Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR).

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Community 1 CPR Instruction Before
n=44 Participants
Pre-arrival Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) instruction for bystander Before Intervention Group in Community
Community 1 CPR Instruction After
n=63 Participants
Pre-arrival Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) instruction for bystander After Intervention Group in Community
Community 2 CPR Instruction Before
n=99 Participants
Pre-arrival Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) instruction for bystander Before Intervention Group in Community
Community 2 CPR Instruction After
n=68 Participants
Pre-arrival Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) instruction for bystander After Intervention Group in Community
Total
n=274 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
63.2 years
n=527 Participants
62.5 years
n=527 Participants
66.2 years
n=1054 Participants
65.5 years
n=157 Participants
64.7 years
n=86 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
14 Participants
n=527 Participants
21 Participants
n=527 Participants
38 Participants
n=1054 Participants
24 Participants
n=157 Participants
97 Participants
n=86 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
30 Participants
n=527 Participants
42 Participants
n=527 Participants
61 Participants
n=1054 Participants
44 Participants
n=157 Participants
177 Participants
n=86 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
44 participants
n=527 Participants
63 participants
n=527 Participants
99 participants
n=1054 Participants
68 participants
n=157 Participants
274 participants
n=86 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to 2 years prior to intervention and up to 2 years post intervention

The overall goal of this study is to determine the rate of bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) before and after implementation of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) pre-arrival instructions program in Milwaukee County

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Community 1, Before
n=34 Participants
Community 1, the rate of bystander CPR before instructions
Community 1, After
n=46 Participants
Community 1, the rate of bystander CPR after instructions
Community 2, Before
n=76 Participants
Community 2, the rate of bystander CPR before instruction
Community 2, After
n=43 Participants
Community 2, the rate bystander CPR after instruction
Incidence of Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) in Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA)
11 participants
Interval -15.0 to 21.0
19 participants
Interval -15.6 to 21.4
42 participants
Interval -15.4 to 49.5
25 participants
Interval -15.4 to 29.5

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to 2 years prior to intervention and up to 2 years post intervention

Explore any relationship to age and gender of the patient, location of arrest, time of year, and other indicators known to affect survival on the overall difference in patient discharge.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Community 1, Before
n=34 Participants
Community 1, the rate of bystander CPR before instructions
Community 1, After
n=46 Participants
Community 1, the rate of bystander CPR after instructions
Community 2, Before
n=76 Participants
Community 2, the rate of bystander CPR before instruction
Community 2, After
n=43 Participants
Community 2, the rate bystander CPR after instruction
Survival to Hospital Discharge or to December, 31 2013 Whichever Comes First
11 Participants
19 Participants
42 Participants
25 Participants

Adverse Events

Community 1 Before

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Community 1 After

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Community 2 Before

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Community 2 After

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Khalid A. A. Ateyyah

Taibah University, College of Medicine

Phone: +966504363321

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place