Trial Outcomes & Findings for Way to Be Active 2 (Lotteries) (NCT NCT02005276)
NCT ID: NCT02005276
Last Updated: 2019-03-05
Results Overview
Our primary outcome measure is the proportion of days a minimum activity of 7000 steps or more is achieved. We will assess outcomes for 3 months using incentives followed by 3 months of follow-up without incentives. All available data will be analyzed, and missing will be treated as true missing data points. Secondary outcomes will include the average steps walked per day.
Recruitment status
COMPLETED
Study phase
NA
Target enrollment
209 participants
Primary outcome timeframe
End of study- 6 months of after enrollment
Results posted on
2019-03-05
Participant Flow
Participant milestones
| Measure |
Control
Participants receive either an email or text message daily (based on the participant's preference) stating whether the participant achieved the 7000 step goal during the previous day.
|
Basic Lottery
Participants receive either an email or text message daily (based on the participant's preference) stating whether the participant achieved the 7000 step goal during the previous day. Each day a lottery will be held, and participants will be eligible to collect monetary rewards only if the participant met the step goal the day before. The names of the winners will be announced during each lottery. The daily lotteries are as follows:
About a 1 in 4 chance of winning $5. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
Basic Lottery: Participants who meet their daily step goals will be eligible for a daily lottery. They will have about a 1 in 4 chance of winning $5. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
|
Jackpot Lottery
Participants receive either an email or text message daily (based on the participant's preference) stating whether the participant achieved the 7000 step goal during the previous day. Each day a lottery will be held, and participants will be eligible to collect monetary rewards only if the participant met the step goal the day before. The names of the winners will be announced during each lottery. The daily lotteries are as follows:
About a 1 in 400 chance of winning $500. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
Jackpot Lottery: Participants who meet their daily step goals will be eligible for a daily lottery. They will have about a 1 in 400 chance of winning $500. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
|
Combined Lottery
Participants receive either an email or text message daily (based on the participant's preference) stating whether the participant achieved the 7000 step goal during the previous day. Each day a lottery will be held, and participants will be eligible to collect monetary rewards only if the participant met the step goal the day before. The names of the winners will be announced during each lottery. The daily lotteries are as follows:
About a 1 in 5 chance of winning $5 and a 1 in 100 chance of winning $50. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
Combined Lottery: Participants who meet their daily step goals will be eligible for a daily lottery. They will have about a 1 in 4 chance of winning $5 and a 1 in 100 chance of winning $50. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Overall Study
STARTED
|
65
|
41
|
59
|
44
|
|
Overall Study
Completed Intervention
|
61
|
39
|
56
|
42
|
|
Overall Study
COMPLETED
|
60
|
39
|
56
|
41
|
|
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
|
5
|
2
|
3
|
3
|
Reasons for withdrawal
| Measure |
Control
Participants receive either an email or text message daily (based on the participant's preference) stating whether the participant achieved the 7000 step goal during the previous day.
|
Basic Lottery
Participants receive either an email or text message daily (based on the participant's preference) stating whether the participant achieved the 7000 step goal during the previous day. Each day a lottery will be held, and participants will be eligible to collect monetary rewards only if the participant met the step goal the day before. The names of the winners will be announced during each lottery. The daily lotteries are as follows:
About a 1 in 4 chance of winning $5. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
Basic Lottery: Participants who meet their daily step goals will be eligible for a daily lottery. They will have about a 1 in 4 chance of winning $5. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
|
Jackpot Lottery
Participants receive either an email or text message daily (based on the participant's preference) stating whether the participant achieved the 7000 step goal during the previous day. Each day a lottery will be held, and participants will be eligible to collect monetary rewards only if the participant met the step goal the day before. The names of the winners will be announced during each lottery. The daily lotteries are as follows:
About a 1 in 400 chance of winning $500. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
Jackpot Lottery: Participants who meet their daily step goals will be eligible for a daily lottery. They will have about a 1 in 400 chance of winning $500. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
|
Combined Lottery
Participants receive either an email or text message daily (based on the participant's preference) stating whether the participant achieved the 7000 step goal during the previous day. Each day a lottery will be held, and participants will be eligible to collect monetary rewards only if the participant met the step goal the day before. The names of the winners will be announced during each lottery. The daily lotteries are as follows:
About a 1 in 5 chance of winning $5 and a 1 in 100 chance of winning $50. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
Combined Lottery: Participants who meet their daily step goals will be eligible for a daily lottery. They will have about a 1 in 4 chance of winning $5 and a 1 in 100 chance of winning $50. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Overall Study
No longer interested
|
5
|
2
|
3
|
3
|
Baseline Characteristics
Way to Be Active 2 (Lotteries)
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
Control
n=65 Participants
Participants receive either an email or text message daily (based on the participant's preference) stating whether the participant achieved the 7000 step goal during the previous day.
|
Basic Lottery
n=41 Participants
Participants receive either an email or text message daily (based on the participant's preference) stating whether the participant achieved the 7000 step goal during the previous day. Each day a lottery will be held, and participants will be eligible to collect monetary rewards only if the participant met the step goal the day before. The names of the winners will be announced during each lottery. The daily lotteries are as follows:
About a 1 in 4 chance of winning $5. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
Basic Lottery: Participants who meet their daily step goals will be eligible for a daily lottery. They will have about a 1 in 4 chance of winning $5. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
|
Jackpot Lottery
n=59 Participants
Participants receive either an email or text message daily (based on the participant's preference) stating whether the participant achieved the 7000 step goal during the previous day. Each day a lottery will be held, and participants will be eligible to collect monetary rewards only if the participant met the step goal the day before. The names of the winners will be announced during each lottery. The daily lotteries are as follows:
About a 1 in 400 chance of winning $500. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
Jackpot Lottery: Participants who meet their daily step goals will be eligible for a daily lottery. They will have about a 1 in 400 chance of winning $500. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
|
Combined Lottery
n=44 Participants
Participants receive either an email or text message daily (based on the participant's preference) stating whether the participant achieved the 7000 step goal during the previous day. Each day a lottery will be held, and participants will be eligible to collect monetary rewards only if the participant met the step goal the day before. The names of the winners will be announced during each lottery. The daily lotteries are as follows:
About a 1 in 5 chance of winning $5 and a 1 in 100 chance of winning $50. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
Combined Lottery: Participants who meet their daily step goals will be eligible for a daily lottery. They will have about a 1 in 4 chance of winning $5 and a 1 in 100 chance of winning $50. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
|
Total
n=209 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Age, Continuous
|
40.0 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.0 • n=99 Participants
|
41.2 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.1 • n=107 Participants
|
40.6 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.5 • n=206 Participants
|
42.9 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.3 • n=157 Participants
|
41.2 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.7 • n=390 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Female
|
52 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
32 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
44 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
33 Participants
n=157 Participants
|
161 Participants
n=390 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Male
|
13 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
9 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
15 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
11 Participants
n=157 Participants
|
48 Participants
n=390 Participants
|
|
Body mass index
|
33.8 kg/m^2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.0 • n=99 Participants
|
32.0 kg/m^2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.8 • n=107 Participants
|
33.5 kg/m^2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.9 • n=206 Participants
|
32.9 kg/m^2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.3 • n=157 Participants
|
33.2 kg/m^2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.0 • n=390 Participants
|
|
Race/ethnicity
White non-Hispanic
|
45 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
30 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
36 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
34 Participants
n=157 Participants
|
145 Participants
n=390 Participants
|
|
Race/ethnicity
African American non-Hispanic
|
12 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
7 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
12 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
8 Participants
n=157 Participants
|
39 Participants
n=390 Participants
|
|
Race/ethnicity
Other non-Hispanic
|
5 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
5 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=157 Participants
|
14 Participants
n=390 Participants
|
|
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic
|
3 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
6 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=157 Participants
|
11 Participants
n=390 Participants
|
|
Education
Less than college
|
1 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
4 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
4 Participants
n=157 Participants
|
10 Participants
n=390 Participants
|
|
Education
Some college
|
13 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
9 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
11 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
11 Participants
n=157 Participants
|
44 Participants
n=390 Participants
|
|
Education
College graduate
|
51 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
31 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
44 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
29 Participants
n=157 Participants
|
155 Participants
n=390 Participants
|
|
Marital status
Single
|
23 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
14 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
14 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
17 Participants
n=157 Participants
|
68 Participants
n=390 Participants
|
|
Marital status
Married
|
32 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
16 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
37 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
22 Participants
n=157 Participants
|
107 Participants
n=390 Participants
|
|
Marital status
Other
|
10 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
11 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
8 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
5 Participants
n=157 Participants
|
34 Participants
n=390 Participants
|
|
Annual household income
Less than $50,000
|
17 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
12 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
12 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
8 Participants
n=157 Participants
|
49 Participants
n=390 Participants
|
|
Annual household income
$50,000 to $100,000
|
22 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
18 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
22 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
25 Participants
n=157 Participants
|
87 Participants
n=390 Participants
|
|
Annual household income
Greater than $100,000
|
21 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
9 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
19 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
8 Participants
n=157 Participants
|
57 Participants
n=390 Participants
|
|
Annual household income
Missing
|
5 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
6 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=157 Participants
|
16 Participants
n=390 Participants
|
|
Iphone smartphone
|
43 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
30 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
38 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
27 Participants
n=157 Participants
|
138 Participants
n=390 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: End of study- 6 months of after enrollmentOur primary outcome measure is the proportion of days a minimum activity of 7000 steps or more is achieved. We will assess outcomes for 3 months using incentives followed by 3 months of follow-up without incentives. All available data will be analyzed, and missing will be treated as true missing data points. Secondary outcomes will include the average steps walked per day.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Control
n=65 Participants
Participants receive either an email or text message daily (based on the participant's preference) stating whether the participant achieved the 7000 step goal during the previous day.
|
Basic Lottery
n=41 Participants
Participants receive either an email or text message daily (based on the participant's preference) stating whether the participant achieved the 7000 step goal during the previous day. Each day a lottery will be held, and participants will be eligible to collect monetary rewards only if the participant met the step goal the day before. The names of the winners will be announced during each lottery. The daily lotteries are as follows:
About a 1 in 4 chance of winning $5. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
Basic Lottery: Participants who meet their daily step goals will be eligible for a daily lottery. They will have about a 1 in 4 chance of winning $5. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
|
Jackpot Lottery
n=59 Participants
Participants receive either an email or text message daily (based on the participant's preference) stating whether the participant achieved the 7000 step goal during the previous day. Each day a lottery will be held, and participants will be eligible to collect monetary rewards only if the participant met the step goal the day before. The names of the winners will be announced during each lottery. The daily lotteries are as follows:
About a 1 in 400 chance of winning $500. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
Jackpot Lottery: Participants who meet their daily step goals will be eligible for a daily lottery. They will have about a 1 in 400 chance of winning $500. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
|
Combined Lottery
n=44 Participants
Participants receive either an email or text message daily (based on the participant's preference) stating whether the participant achieved the 7000 step goal during the previous day. Each day a lottery will be held, and participants will be eligible to collect monetary rewards only if the participant met the step goal the day before. The names of the winners will be announced during each lottery. The daily lotteries are as follows:
About a 1 in 5 chance of winning $5 and a 1 in 100 chance of winning $50. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
Combined Lottery: Participants who meet their daily step goals will be eligible for a daily lottery. They will have about a 1 in 4 chance of winning $5 and a 1 in 100 chance of winning $50. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Proportion of Days a Minimum Activity of 7000 Steps or More is Achieved During Intervention
Intervention Period (3 months with incentives)
|
0.264 Proportion of participant days
Interval 0.192 to 0.336
|
0.319 Proportion of participant days
Interval 0.227 to 0.41
|
0.290 Proportion of participant days
Interval 0.216 to 0.365
|
0.384 Proportion of participant days
Interval 0.298 to 0.47
|
|
Proportion of Days a Minimum Activity of 7000 Steps or More is Achieved During Intervention
Follow Up Period (3 months without incentives)
|
0.191 Proportion of participant days
Interval 0.134 to 0.249
|
0.211 Proportion of participant days
Interval 0.138 to 0.284
|
0.155 Proportion of participant days
Interval 0.096 to 0.215
|
0.215 Proportion of participant days
Interval 0.144 to 0.286
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: End of study- 6 months after enrollmentSecondary outcomes include average number of steps per day during intervention (with incentives) and follow up periods (without incentives).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Control
n=65 Participants
Participants receive either an email or text message daily (based on the participant's preference) stating whether the participant achieved the 7000 step goal during the previous day.
|
Basic Lottery
n=41 Participants
Participants receive either an email or text message daily (based on the participant's preference) stating whether the participant achieved the 7000 step goal during the previous day. Each day a lottery will be held, and participants will be eligible to collect monetary rewards only if the participant met the step goal the day before. The names of the winners will be announced during each lottery. The daily lotteries are as follows:
About a 1 in 4 chance of winning $5. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
Basic Lottery: Participants who meet their daily step goals will be eligible for a daily lottery. They will have about a 1 in 4 chance of winning $5. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
|
Jackpot Lottery
n=44 Participants
Participants receive either an email or text message daily (based on the participant's preference) stating whether the participant achieved the 7000 step goal during the previous day. Each day a lottery will be held, and participants will be eligible to collect monetary rewards only if the participant met the step goal the day before. The names of the winners will be announced during each lottery. The daily lotteries are as follows:
About a 1 in 400 chance of winning $500. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
Jackpot Lottery: Participants who meet their daily step goals will be eligible for a daily lottery. They will have about a 1 in 400 chance of winning $500. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
|
Combined Lottery
n=59 Participants
Participants receive either an email or text message daily (based on the participant's preference) stating whether the participant achieved the 7000 step goal during the previous day. Each day a lottery will be held, and participants will be eligible to collect monetary rewards only if the participant met the step goal the day before. The names of the winners will be announced during each lottery. The daily lotteries are as follows:
About a 1 in 5 chance of winning $5 and a 1 in 100 chance of winning $50. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
Combined Lottery: Participants who meet their daily step goals will be eligible for a daily lottery. They will have about a 1 in 4 chance of winning $5 and a 1 in 100 chance of winning $50. Expected value is about $1.40 per person per day.
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Average Number of Steps Per Day During Intervention
Intervention Period (3 months with incentives)
|
4744.8 steps per day
Interval 4128.7 to 5360.9
|
5022.9 steps per day
Interval 4238.4 to 5807.4
|
5439.6 steps per day
Interval 4703.2 to 6175.9
|
4838.0 steps per day
Interval 4200.3 to 5475.7
|
|
Average Number of Steps Per Day During Intervention
Follow Up Period (3 months without incentives)
|
4068.9 steps per day
Interval 3486.7 to 4651.1
|
4408.4 steps per day
Interval 3669.4 to 5147.4
|
4449.5 steps per day
Interval 3730.2 to 5168.8
|
3800.3 steps per day
Interval 3197.4 to 4404.2
|
Adverse Events
Control
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Basic Lottery
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Jackpot Lottery
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Combined Lottery
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Serious adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place