Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment for Drug Use

Summary

Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) is a comprehensive, integrated public health approach to identify and deliver a spectrum of early detection and intervention services for substance use in general medical care settings. These settings, such as emergency department visits, offer a potential "teachable moment" because patients may have perceptions of vulnerability about their health, and therefore be particularly receptive to screening and counseling. There is mounting scientific evidence suggesting SBIRT is effective in reducing alcohol use at varying levels of severity in a myriad of health care settings including primary care, emergency departments, and trauma centers. Although the SBIRT approach has shown promise for alcohol, relatively little is known about its effectiveness for adult illicit drug use specifically.

This will be among the first studies to rigorously test the SBIRT approach for drug use. It will evaluate the effectiveness of SBIRT for drug use and related factors for 700 multi-ethnic ED patients using a two-group randomized repeated-measures design in which biologically-validated drug use abstinence and related outcomes of an intervention group are compared to those of an attention-placebo control group. Over a 14-month period, bilingual/bicultural Health Educators recruited participants who reported past 30-day illicit drug use in excess of risky alcohol use from the waiting areas of two large hospital's ED and trauma units. Following consent procedures and standardized baseline assessments, Health Educators randomly assigned participants to one of the two conditions. The intervention group received "Life Shift," an SBIRT drug use intervention matched to the participant's drug use risk level. The control group received the same type and quantity of intervention in an unrelated area-Driving and Traffic Safety ("Shift Gears" program), also matched to their driving/traffic risk level. A 6-month face-to-face follow-up visit by trained measurement technicians blind to the participant's assigned condition collected standardized self-report past 30-day drug use measures (ASI-Lite)and hair samples for validating self-reported abstinence. Additional outcome variables are changes in the frequency of drug use, functional status measures (i.e., medical problems, psychiatric problems, and alcohol use), and health care utilization.

Conditions

• Drug Abuse

Interventions

BEHAVIORAL

Screening/motivational drug intervention

Screening and brief motivational intervention delivered in the ER to reduce drug use

BEHAVIORAL

Motivational placebo intervention

Screening and brief motivational intervention delivered in the ER to reduce driving and traffic risk

Sponsors & Collaborators

• San Diego State University

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• Susan I Woodruff, PhD · San Diego State University, School of Social Work

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

DOUBLE

Model

FACTORIAL

Eligibility

Min Age

18 Years

Max Age

100 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2010-04-30

Primary Completion

2011-06-30

Completion

2012-08-31

Countries

• United States

Study Locations