Clinical Symptoms of Schizophrenia and Physical Exercise

Summary

Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness, of psychosis being the most prevalent in society, affecting 1% of the population. The treatment of schizophrenia is basically done with antipsychotic drugs, although other non-pharmacological interventions, such as exercise, a form of treatment seems to be considered. Among the most recommended exercise for the general population, the investigators highlight the aerobic and resistance exercises. However, few studies have reported the positive effect of aerobic exercise in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. In relation to resistance exercise and concurrent training, it is unknown if the effect in patients with the disease, especially when one considers the junction of the two types of exercises in the same training session (called concurrent training). However, it is known, through clinical studies and animal models, that exercise modifies the brain improves neuroplasticity, the mental condition of the individual frames and reverses neurodegeneration. Associated with improvement in schizophrenia, few clinical trials of aerobic exercise showed improvement in disease symptoms, reducing anxiety and depression, and clinical global improvement. The hypothesis is that the types of proposed training, resistance training and concurrent training can improve clinical symptoms of the disease, and improve the side effects caused by drugs. It is believed that the clinical changes are accompanied by increased serum IGF-1 by resistance training and aerobic training by BDNF.

Conditions

• Schizophrenia

Interventions

OTHER

Resistance Training

The patients in this group will given a progressive resistance training program twice per week (Tuesday and Thursday) for 20 weeks. The training program followed the American College of Sports Medicine guidelines on resistance training for adults. Training sessions will performed at the same time of day (between 1 pm and 5 pm). The chosen exercises focused on the large muscle groups that are important for the patients' daily routines. The exercises include the leg press, leg curl, vertical traction, chest press, arm extension, arm curl and abdominal crunch using equipment manufactured by Technogym®. Every training session will preceded by 5 minutes of warm-up on a Life Fitness® motorized stepper at a constant velocity of 4 km/h. A 1 RM test will be to determine the load settings, as performed in previous studies. The load will readjusted throughout training according to the results of a 1 RM test after the 2nd month of training (the 8th week of training) for each exercise.

OTHER

Concurrent Training

The patients in this group will given a progressive concurrent training program, composed of aerobic and resistance training in the same session, twice per week (Tuesday and Thursday) for 20 weeks. Training sessions will performed at the same time of day (between 1 pm and 5 pm). the aerobic training will be conducted in Lifefitness 9700HR treadmill and the chosen exercises for resistance training focused on the large muscle groups that are important for the patients' daily routines. The exercises include the leg press, leg curl, vertical traction, chest press, arm extension, arm curl and abdominal crunch using equipment manufactured by Technogym®. A 1 RM test will be to determine the load settings, as performed in previous studies. The load will readjusted throughout training according to the results of a 1 RM test after the 2nd month of training (the 8th week of training) for each exercise.

OTHER

Control

Patients in this group will to the CEPE twice per week (Tuesday and Thursday) for 20 weeks and performed the same training protocol as the RESEX group. However, the equipment load (weight on each apparatus) is kept at the minimum (below 5% of 1 Repetition maximum - RM) throughout the treatment, without modifying the protocol. Patients execute 2 sets of 15 repetitions with a 1-minute rest interval on all of the equipment.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Federal University of São Paulo

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• Marco Tulio de Mello, PHD · Federal University of São Paulo

Study Design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

DOUBLE

Model

PARALLEL

Eligibility

Min Age

18 Years

Max Age

50 Years

Sex

MALE

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2010-02-28

Primary Completion

2010-12-31

Completion

2013-03-31

Countries

• Brazil

Study Locations