Trial Outcomes & Findings for Self-directed Titrated Transdermal Nicotine Patch Versus Standard Treatment for Smoking Cessation (NCT NCT01622998)

NCT ID: NCT01622998

Last Updated: 2026-08-14

Results Overview

Self-reported continuous abstinence at week 52 post target quit date will be confirmed with a carbon monoxide breath test.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE4

Target enrollment

303 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Week 52

Results posted on

2026-08-14

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Standard Transdermal NRT Group (UC)
10 week standard transdermal nicotine replacement therapy patch protocol
Titrated Transdermal NRT Group (EXP)
10 week titrated transdermal nicotine replacement therapy patch dose regimen based on smoking history with the option to increase dose, if withdrawal symptoms are unmanageable.
Overall Study
STARTED
151
152
Overall Study
COMPLETED
129
130
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
22
22

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Standard Transdermal NRT Group (UC)
10 week standard transdermal nicotine replacement therapy patch protocol
Titrated Transdermal NRT Group (EXP)
10 week titrated transdermal nicotine replacement therapy patch dose regimen based on smoking history with the option to increase dose, if withdrawal symptoms are unmanageable.
Overall Study
Lost to Follow-up
22
22

Baseline Characteristics

149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Standard Transdermal NRT Group (UC)
n=149 Participants
10 week standard transdermal nicotine replacement therapy patch protocol
Titrated Transdermal NRT Group (EXP)
n=149 Participants
10 week titrated transdermal nicotine replacement therapy patch dose regimen based on smoking history with the option to increase dose, if withdrawal symptoms are unmanageable.
Total
n=298 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
47.4 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.9 • n=149 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
49.02 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.6 • n=149 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
48.2 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.3 • n=298 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
Sex: Female, Male
Female
57 Participants
n=149 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
52 Participants
n=149 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
109 Participants
n=298 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
Sex: Female, Male
Male
92 Participants
n=149 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
97 Participants
n=149 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
189 Participants
n=298 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
Race and Ethnicity Not Collected
0 Participants
Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.
Formal Education
14.2 Years of formal education
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.6 • n=149 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
14.2 Years of formal education
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.8 • n=149 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
14.2 Years of formal education
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.7 • n=298 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
Baseline BMI
28.0 Kg/m^2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.7 • n=149 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
28.8 Kg/m^2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.6 • n=149 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
28.4 Kg/m^2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.7 • n=298 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
Household Income
<$20,000 per year
23 Participants
n=149 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
29 Participants
n=149 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
52 Participants
n=298 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
Household Income
$20,000 to $59,999
50 Participants
n=149 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
47 Participants
n=149 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
97 Participants
n=298 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
Household Income
>$60,000
61 Participants
n=149 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
60 Participants
n=149 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
121 Participants
n=298 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
Household Income
Unknown (missing or prefer not to say)
15 Participants
n=149 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
13 Participants
n=149 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
28 Participants
n=298 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTCD) Score
6.1 Scores on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.1 • n=149 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
5.8 Scores on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.2 • n=149 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
6.0 Scores on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.1 • n=298 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
Duration of Smoking
29.0 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.7 • n=149 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
30.1 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.3 • n=149 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
29.5 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.0 • n=298 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
Cigarettes smoked per day in the past month
23.3 cigarettes per day
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.6 • n=149 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
24.1 cigarettes per day
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.6 • n=149 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
23.7 cigarettes per day
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.6 • n=298 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
Number of quit attempts in the past year
5.0 quit attempts
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.1 • n=149 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
4.3 quit attempts
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.6 • n=149 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.
4.7 quit attempts
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.5 • n=298 Participants • 149 participants in each group were included in the analysis due to lost to follow up.

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 52

Self-reported continuous abstinence at week 52 post target quit date will be confirmed with a carbon monoxide breath test.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Standard Transdermal NRT Group (UC)
n=149 Participants
10 week standard transdermal nicotine replacement therapy patch protocol
Titrated Transdermal NRT Group (EXP)
n=149 Participants
10 week titrated transdermal nicotine replacement therapy patch dose regimen based on smoking history with the option to increase dose, if withdrawal symptoms are unmanageable.
Validated Continuous Abstinence Rate at Week 52
17 Participants
25 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: weeks 10, 26

Self-reported continuous abstinence rates will be validated with a carbon monoxide breath test at weeks 10 and 26 post target quit date.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Standard Transdermal NRT Group (UC)
n=149 Participants
10 week standard transdermal nicotine replacement therapy patch protocol
Titrated Transdermal NRT Group (EXP)
n=149 Participants
10 week titrated transdermal nicotine replacement therapy patch dose regimen based on smoking history with the option to increase dose, if withdrawal symptoms are unmanageable.
Validated Continuous Abstinence Rates at Weeks 10 and 26 Weeks
at 10 weeks
68 Participants
78 Participants
Validated Continuous Abstinence Rates at Weeks 10 and 26 Weeks
26 weeks
27 Participants
31 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Self-reported seven day point prevalence of abstinence will be validated at week 10, 26 and 52 weeks post target quite date.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Standard Transdermal NRT Group (UC)
n=149 Participants
10 week standard transdermal nicotine replacement therapy patch protocol
Titrated Transdermal NRT Group (EXP)
n=149 Participants
10 week titrated transdermal nicotine replacement therapy patch dose regimen based on smoking history with the option to increase dose, if withdrawal symptoms are unmanageable.
Self Reported 7-day Point Prevalence at Weeks 10, 26 and 52.
at 10 weeks
52 Participants
66 Participants
Self Reported 7-day Point Prevalence at Weeks 10, 26 and 52.
at 26 weeks
37 Participants
45 Participants
Self Reported 7-day Point Prevalence at Weeks 10, 26 and 52.
at 52 weeks
31 Participants
47 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 1 to 52

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Standard Transdermal NRT Group (UC)
n=149 Participants
10 week standard transdermal nicotine replacement therapy patch protocol
Titrated Transdermal NRT Group (EXP)
n=149 Participants
10 week titrated transdermal nicotine replacement therapy patch dose regimen based on smoking history with the option to increase dose, if withdrawal symptoms are unmanageable.
Self-reported Continuous Abstinence at Weeks 10, 26 and 52
at week 52
18 Participants
32 Participants
Self-reported Continuous Abstinence at Weeks 10, 26 and 52
at week 10
57 Participants
51 Participants
Self-reported Continuous Abstinence at Weeks 10, 26 and 52
at week 26
31 Participants
39 Participants

Adverse Events

Standard Transdermal NRT Group (UC)

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 2 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Titrated Transdermal NRT Group (EXP)

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Standard Transdermal NRT Group (UC)
n=149 participants at risk
10 week standard transdermal nicotine replacement therapy patch protocol
Titrated Transdermal NRT Group (EXP)
n=149 participants at risk
10 week titrated transdermal nicotine replacement therapy patch dose regimen based on smoking history with the option to increase dose, if withdrawal symptoms are unmanageable.
Cardiac disorders
Increased heart rate
0.67%
1/149 • Baseline to 52 weeks
0.00%
0/149 • Baseline to 52 weeks
General disorders
Allergic reaction to patch adhesive
0.67%
1/149 • Baseline to 52 weeks
0.00%
0/149 • Baseline to 52 weeks

Additional Information

Dr. Robert Reid

University of Ottawa Heart Institute

Phone: 6136967000

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place