Trial Outcomes & Findings for A Study of the Effect of LY2189265 on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Type 2 Diabetes (NCT NCT01149421)

A Study of the Effect of LY2189265 on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Type 2 Diabetes

Mean 24-hour systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured by using a 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) device attached to the participant's nondominant arm. Ambulatory blood pressure measurements were recorded every 20 minutes during the daytime (0700 to 2200 hours) and every 30 minutes during the nighttime hours (2200 to 0700), as preprogrammed into the device. For statistical analyses, diurnal hours were defined as 0800 to 2100 and nocturnal hours were defined as 0000 to 0600. Least Squares (LS) means were calculated using mixed model repeated measures (MMRM) adjusting for baseline, pooled sites, treatment, visit, treatment-by-visit interaction, and the stratified variable of diagnosis of hypertension.

Mean 24-hour systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured by using a 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) device attached to the participant's nondominant arm. Ambulatory blood pressure measurements were recorded every 20 minutes during the daytime (0700 to 2200 hours) and every 30 minutes during the nighttime hours (2200 to 0700), as preprogrammed into the device. For statistical analyses, diurnal hours were defined as 0800 to 2100 and nocturnal hours were defined as 0000 to 0600. Least Squares (LS) means were calculated using mixed model repeated measures (MMRM) adjusting for baseline, pooled sites, treatment, visit, treatment-by-visit interaction, and the stratified variable of diagnosis of hypertension.

Mean 24-hour diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was measured by using a 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) device attached to the participant's nondominant arm. Ambulatory blood pressure measurements were recorded every 20 minutes during the daytime (0700 to 2200 hours) and every 30 minutes during the nighttime hours (2200 to 0700), as preprogrammed into the device. For statistical analyses, diurnal hours were defined as 0800 to 2100 and nocturnal hours were defined as 0000 to 0600. Least Squares (LS) means of change from baseline was analyzed using mixed model repeated measures (MMRM) adjusted by baseline, pooled sites, treatment, visit, treatment-by-visit interaction, and the stratified variable of diagnosis of hypertension.

Mean 24-hour heart rate (HR) was measured by using a 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) device attached to the participant's nondominant arm. Heart rate measurements were recorded every 20 minutes during the daytime (0700 to 2200 hours) and every 30 minutes during the nighttime hours (2200 to 0700), as preprogrammed into the device. For statistical analyses, diurnal hours were defined as 0800 to 2100 and nocturnal hours were defined as 0000 to 0600. Least Squares (LS) means were calculated using mixed model repeated measures (MMRM) adjusting for baseline, pooled sites, treatment, visit, treatment-by-visit interaction, and the stratified variable of diagnosis of hypertension.

Mean 24-hour pulse pressure (PP) was measured by using a 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) device attached to the participant's nondominant arm. Pulse pressure (PP) measurements were recorded every 20 minutes during the daytime (0700 to 2200 hours) and every 30 minutes during the nighttime hours (2200 to 0700), as preprogrammed into the device. For statistical analyses, diurnal hours were defined as 0800 to 2100 and nocturnal hours were defined as 0000 to 0600. Least Squares (LS) means were calculated using mixed model repeated measures (MMRM) adjusting for baseline, pooled sites, treatment, visit, treatment-by-visit interaction, and the stratified variable of diagnosis of hypertension.

Mean 24-hour mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured by a using 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) device attached to the participant's nondominant arm. Ambulatory blood pressure measurements were recorded every 20 minutes during the daytime (0700 to 2200 hours) and every 30 minutes during the nighttime hours (2200 to 0700), as preprogrammed into the device. For statistical analyses, diurnal hours were defined as 0800 to 2100 and nocturnal hours were defined as 0000 to 0600. Least Squares (LS) means were calculated using mixed model repeated measures (MMRM) adjusting for baseline, pooled sites, treatment, visit, treatment-by-visit interaction, and the stratified variable of diagnosis of hypertension.

Mean daytime and nighttime systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured by using a 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) device attached to the participant's nondominant arm. Ambulatory blood pressure measurements were recorded every 20 minutes during the daytime (0700 to 2200 hours) and every 30 minutes during the nighttime hours (2200 to 0700), as preprogrammed into the device. For statistical analyses, diurnal hours were defined as 0800 to 2100 and nocturnal hours were defined as 0000 to 0600. Least Squares (LS) means were calculated using mixed model repeated measures (MMRM) adjusting for baseline, pooled sites, treatment, visit, treatment-by-visit interaction, and the stratified variable of diagnosis of hypertension. Clinic SBP was measured in the clinic using the Omron HEM 907XL Blood Pressure monitor.

Mean daytime and nighttime diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was measured by using a 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) device attached to the participant's nondominant arm. Ambulatory blood pressure measurements were recorded every 20 minutes during the daytime (0700 to 2200 hours) and every 30 minutes during the nighttime hours (2200 to 0700), as preprogrammed into the device. For statistical analyses, diurnal hours were defined as 0800 to 2100 and nocturnal hours were defined as 0000 to 0600. Least Squares (LS) means of change from baseline was analyzed using mixed model repeated measures (MMRM) adjusted by baseline, pooled sites, treatment, visit, treatment-by-visit interaction, and the stratified variable of diagnosis of hypertension. Clinic DBP was measured in the clinic using the Omron HEM 907XL Blood Pressure monitor.

Daytime and nighttime heart rate (HR) was measured by using a 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) device attached to the participant's nondominant arm. Heart rate measurements were recorded every 20 minutes during the daytime (0700 to 2200 hours) and every 30 minutes during the nighttime hours (2200 to 0700), as preprogrammed into the device. For statistical analyses, diurnal hours were defined as 0800 to 2100 and nocturnal hours were defined as 0000 to 0600. Least Squares (LS) means were calculated using mixed model repeated measures (MMRM) adjusting for baseline, pooled sites, treatment, visit, treatment-by-visit interaction, and the stratified variable of diagnosis of hypertension. Clinic HR was measured in the clinic using the Omron HEM 907XL Blood Pressure monitor.

Mean daytime and nighttime pulse pressure (PP) was measured by using a 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) device attached to the participant's nondominant arm. Pulse pressure (PP) measurements were recorded every 20 minutes during the daytime (0700 to 2200 hours) and every 30 minutes during the nighttime hours (2200 to 0700), as preprogrammed into the device. For statistical analyses, diurnal hours were defined as 0800 to 2100 and nocturnal hours were defined as 0000 to 0600. Least Squares (LS) means were calculated using mixed model repeated measures (MMRM) adjusting for baseline, pooled sites, treatment, visit, treatment-by-visit interaction, and the stratified variable of diagnosis of hypertension.

Mean daytime and nighttime mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured by a using 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) device attached to the participant's nondominant arm. Ambulatory blood pressure measurements were recorded every 20 minutes during the daytime (0700 to 2200 hours) and every 30 minutes during the nighttime hours (2200 to 0700), as preprogrammed into the device. For statistical analyses, diurnal hours were defined as 0800 to 2100 and nocturnal hours were defined as 0000 to 0600. Least Squares (LS) means were calculated using mixed model repeated measures (MMRM) adjusting for baseline, pooled sites, treatment, visit, treatment-by-visit interaction, and the stratified variable of diagnosis of hypertension.

Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is a form of hemoglobin that is measured primarily to identify the average plasma glucose concentration over prolonged periods of time. Least Squares (LS) means were calculated using mixed model repeated measures (MMRM) adjusting for baseline, pooled sites, treatment, visit, treatment-by-visit interaction, and the stratified variable of diagnosis of hypertension.

Fasting blood glucose (FBG) is a test to determine how much glucose (sugar) is in a blood sample after an overnight fast. Least Squares (LS) means were calculated using mixed model repeated measures (MMRM) adjusting for baseline, pooled sites, treatment, visit, treatment-by-visit interaction, and the stratified variable of diagnosis of hypertension.

Percentages of participants who achieved glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels of \<7% or ≤6.5% were analyzed with Chi-squared test/Fisher's exact test.

A treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE) was defined as an event that first occurs or worsens (increases in severity) after baseline regardless of causality or severity. The number of participants with one or more TEAE is summarized cumulatively at 26 weeks. A summary of serious and other non-serious adverse events regardless of causality is located in the Reported Adverse Events module.

Amylase (total and pancreas-derived) and lipase concentrations were measured.

The QT interval is a measure of the time between the start of the Q wave and the end of the T wave and was calculated from electrocardiogram (ECG) data using Fridericia's formula: QTc = QT/RR\^0.33. Corrected QT (QTc) is the QT interval corrected for heart rate and RR, which is the interval between two R waves. PR is the interval between the P wave and the QRS complex. Least Squares (LS) means were calculated using mixed model repeated measures (MMRM) adjusting for baseline, pooled sites, treatment, visit, treatment-by-visit interaction, and the stratified variable of diagnosis of hypertension.

The number of adjudicated (by an independent Clinical Endpoint Committee \[CEC\]) pancreatic events is summarized at 26 weeks. A summary of serious and other non-serious adverse events regardless of causality is located in the Reported Adverse Events module.

Deaths and nonfatal cardiovascular adverse events (AEs) were adjudicated by a committee of physicians with cardiology expertise external to the Sponsor. The nonfatal cardiovascular AEs to be adjudicated include myocardial infarction, hospitalization for unstable angina, hospitalization for heart failure, coronary interventions (such as coronary artery bypass graft or percutaneous coronary intervention), and cerebrovascular events including cerebrovascular accident (stroke) and transient ischemic attack. A summary of serious and other non-serious adverse events regardless of causality is located in the Reported Adverse Events module.

LY2189265 anti-drug antibodies (ADA) were assessed at baseline, 16 and 26 weeks, and at the safety follow-up visit 4 weeks after study drug discontinuation (30 weeks). The number of participants with initial postbaseline detection of treatment-emergent (defined as a 4-fold increase in the ADA titer from baseline) anti-drug (LY2189265) ADA at each time point were summarized.

Hypoglycemic events (HE) were classified as severe (defined as an HE requiring assistance of another person to actively administer resuscitative actions), documented symptomatic (defined as an HE with typical symptoms of hypoglycemia and a blood glucose level of ≤3.9 millimoles per liter \[mmol/L\]), asymptomatic (defined as an HE without typical symptoms of hypoglycemia but with a measured blood glucose of ≤3.9 mmol/L), nocturnal (defined as any HE occurring between bedtime and waking with a measured blood glucose of ≤3.9 mmol/L), or non-nocturnal. Hypoglycemia rate per 30 days was summarized at each visit by treatment group. The rate of hypoglycemia was analyzed using a generalized estimation equations model with a negative binomial distribution and a Logit link. Negative binomial mean was adjusted by treatment, visit, and visit by treatment interaction. A summary of serious and other non-serious adverse events regardless of causality is located in the Reported Adverse Events module.

Least Squares (LS) means was calculated using mixed model repeated measures (MMRM) adjusting for baseline, pooled sites, treatment, visit, treatment-by-visit interaction, and the stratified variable of diagnosis of hypertension.

The population mean estimates and standard deviations were calculated for pharmacokinetic parameters (area under the concentration time curve \[AUC\] at steady state from time zero to 168 hours after study drug administration). Evaluable pharmacokinetic concentrations from the 4, 8, 12, 16, and 26 weeks timepoints were combined and utilized in a population approach to determine the population mean estimate and standard deviation at steady-state.