Trial Outcomes & Findings for The Effect of Alternative Keyboards on Discomfort and Typing Kinematics (NCT NCT00801983)
NCT ID: NCT00801983
Last Updated: 2014-08-22
Results Overview
Discomfort Survey (WDS) was used to assess symptoms and activity limitations. Participants reported on their work schedule, medication used for pain control, and discomfort in their neck/shoulder, back, and bilateral lower arms (elbows, forearms, wrists, and hands) using an 11-point numerical rating scale (0 = no discomfort/no limitations; 10 = unbearable discomfort/major limitations). We had to dichotomize the data during analysis due to severe skew towards not discomfort (0). Thus the final outcome was discomfort -yes or no
Recruitment status
COMPLETED
Study phase
NA
Target enrollment
85 participants
Primary outcome timeframe
6 months and 12 months
Results posted on
2014-08-22
Participant Flow
Participant milestones
| Measure |
Group A (Typical/Alternative)
Subject receives typical keyboard for 5-6 months first and alternative keyboard second for 5-6 months (total 12 months in study
|
Group B (Alternative/Typical)
Subject receives alternate keyboard for 5-6 months first and typical keyboard second for 5-6 months (total 12 months in study
|
|---|---|---|
|
Period 1
STARTED
|
44
|
41
|
|
Period 1
COMPLETED
|
40
|
33
|
|
Period 1
NOT COMPLETED
|
4
|
8
|
|
Period 2
STARTED
|
40
|
33
|
|
Period 2
COMPLETED
|
38
|
32
|
|
Period 2
NOT COMPLETED
|
2
|
1
|
Reasons for withdrawal
| Measure |
Group A (Typical/Alternative)
Subject receives typical keyboard for 5-6 months first and alternative keyboard second for 5-6 months (total 12 months in study
|
Group B (Alternative/Typical)
Subject receives alternate keyboard for 5-6 months first and typical keyboard second for 5-6 months (total 12 months in study
|
|---|---|---|
|
Period 1
Lost to Follow-up
|
2
|
0
|
|
Period 1
Withdrawal by Subject
|
2
|
8
|
|
Period 2
Withdrawal by Subject
|
2
|
1
|
Baseline Characteristics
The Effect of Alternative Keyboards on Discomfort and Typing Kinematics
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
Group A
n=40 Participants
Subject receives typical keyboard first (0-6 months) and alternative keyboard second (7-12 months). In this crossover design all subjects received both standard and alternative keyboard, each group just received the keyboards in a different order
|
Group B
n=37 Participants
Subject receives alternative keyboard first (0-6 months) and typical keyboard second (7-12 months). In this crossover design all subjects received both standard and alternative keyboard, each group just received the keyboards in a different order
|
Total
n=77 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Age, Continuous
|
43.3 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.9 • n=99 Participants
|
45.6 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.9 • n=107 Participants
|
44.4 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.4 • n=206 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Female
|
36 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
35 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
71 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Male
|
4 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
6 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
|
0 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
|
1 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
|
0 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
|
3 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
5 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
8 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
|
36 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
31 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
67 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
|
0 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
0 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
|
1 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
|
39 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
37 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
76 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
0 Participants
n=99 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=107 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Region of Enrollment
United States
|
40 participants
n=99 Participants
|
37 participants
n=107 Participants
|
77 participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Avg Computer Use
|
6.3 hrs/day
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.1 • n=99 Participants
|
6.1 hrs/day
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.5 • n=107 Participants
|
6.2 hrs/day
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.3 • n=206 Participants
|
|
Typing Speed
Slow
|
7 participants
n=99 Participants
|
3 participants
n=107 Participants
|
10 participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Typing Speed
Moderately Fast
|
16 participants
n=99 Participants
|
14 participants
n=107 Participants
|
30 participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Typing Speed
Fast
|
11 participants
n=99 Participants
|
12 participants
n=107 Participants
|
23 participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Typing Speed
Don't know
|
6 participants
n=99 Participants
|
8 participants
n=107 Participants
|
14 participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Baseline Discomfort
Neck (Yes)
|
36 participants
n=99 Participants
|
36 participants
n=107 Participants
|
72 participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Baseline Discomfort
Back (Yes)
|
33 participants
n=99 Participants
|
33 participants
n=107 Participants
|
66 participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Baseline Discomfort
Right arm hand (Yes)
|
33 participants
n=99 Participants
|
36 participants
n=107 Participants
|
69 participants
n=206 Participants
|
|
Baseline Discomfort
Left Arm hand (Yes)
|
22 participants
n=99 Participants
|
24 participants
n=107 Participants
|
46 participants
n=206 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 6 months and 12 monthsDiscomfort Survey (WDS) was used to assess symptoms and activity limitations. Participants reported on their work schedule, medication used for pain control, and discomfort in their neck/shoulder, back, and bilateral lower arms (elbows, forearms, wrists, and hands) using an 11-point numerical rating scale (0 = no discomfort/no limitations; 10 = unbearable discomfort/major limitations). We had to dichotomize the data during analysis due to severe skew towards not discomfort (0). Thus the final outcome was discomfort -yes or no
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Typical Keyboard
n=77 Participants
MSD reported when a subject was typing on a typical keyboard (regardless of order)
|
Alternative Keyboard
n=77 Participants
MSD reported when a subject was typing on an alternative keyboard (regardless of order)
|
|---|---|---|
|
Musculoskeletal Discomfort
|
20 percentage of subjects with MSD
|
20 percentage of subjects with MSD
|
Adverse Events
Typical Keyboard
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Alternative Keyboard
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Serious adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place