Trial Outcomes & Findings for A Pilot Study of Acupuncture Treatment for Dysphagia (NCT NCT00797732)

NCT ID: NCT00797732

Last Updated: 2018-02-13

Results Overview

Outcome compliance rate is the percentage of enrolled participants who completed the primary study assessments (at baseline and in long-term follow-up 6 months post acupuncture treatment).

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

42 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Assessed at baseline and at 6 months post acupuncture treatment

Results posted on

2018-02-13

Participant Flow

Patients were screened for potential enrollment from January 2009 through December 2011.

Since one primary aim was to assess feasibility as measured by recruitment the screening non-randomized count is included in the participant flow.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Active Acupuncture
The active intervention used a three-phase step-up protocol to gradually increase the body areas treated and needling intensity. Acupuncture needles (0.20x25mm) were inserted with a depth of 5-10 mm into predefined points based on a systematic literature review following the STRICTA guideline. Needles were stimulated to obtain the de qi sensation. An electroacupuncture (EA) device was connected at two acupoints. All needles remained in place for 30 minutes. The active acupuncture was administered once every 2 weeks for 24 weeks, starting 2 weeks into CRT and ending at 20 weeks after CRT. \[Refs: Lu W, Wayne PM et al. Contemp Clin Trials 2012; 33; 700-711; MacPherson H, Altman DG et al. PLoS Med 2010;7:e1000261\]
Sham Acupuncture
The sham intervention was designed to be maximally inert and minimally invasive, while simulating most aspects of the active protocol. Sham needles (0.12x30mm) were inserted at 14 locations paralleling the same body regions needled in the active group; however, all sham point locations were off the pathways of traditional Chinese medicine acupuncture meridians and points. An identical but deactivated EA device was used following sham protocols previously used. The sham acupuncture was administered once every 2 weeks for 24 weeks, starting 2 weeks into CRT and ending at 20 weeks after CRT. \[Refs: Lu W, Wayne PM et al. Contemp Clin Trials 2012; 33; 700-711; Wayne PA, Krebs DE et al. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2005; 86:2248-2255\]
Screened Non-Randomized
Participants approached in the screening process but ultimately not randomized.
Overall Study
STARTED
21
21
154
Overall Study
Evaluable at Baseline
18
18
0
Overall Study
Evaluable at 20 Weeks
17
18
0
Overall Study
Evaluable at 12 Months
17
18
0
Overall Study
COMPLETED
16
18
0
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
5
3
154

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Active Acupuncture
The active intervention used a three-phase step-up protocol to gradually increase the body areas treated and needling intensity. Acupuncture needles (0.20x25mm) were inserted with a depth of 5-10 mm into predefined points based on a systematic literature review following the STRICTA guideline. Needles were stimulated to obtain the de qi sensation. An electroacupuncture (EA) device was connected at two acupoints. All needles remained in place for 30 minutes. The active acupuncture was administered once every 2 weeks for 24 weeks, starting 2 weeks into CRT and ending at 20 weeks after CRT. \[Refs: Lu W, Wayne PM et al. Contemp Clin Trials 2012; 33; 700-711; MacPherson H, Altman DG et al. PLoS Med 2010;7:e1000261\]
Sham Acupuncture
The sham intervention was designed to be maximally inert and minimally invasive, while simulating most aspects of the active protocol. Sham needles (0.12x30mm) were inserted at 14 locations paralleling the same body regions needled in the active group; however, all sham point locations were off the pathways of traditional Chinese medicine acupuncture meridians and points. An identical but deactivated EA device was used following sham protocols previously used. The sham acupuncture was administered once every 2 weeks for 24 weeks, starting 2 weeks into CRT and ending at 20 weeks after CRT. \[Refs: Lu W, Wayne PM et al. Contemp Clin Trials 2012; 33; 700-711; Wayne PA, Krebs DE et al. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2005; 86:2248-2255\]
Screened Non-Randomized
Participants approached in the screening process but ultimately not randomized.
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
3
3
0
Overall Study
Lost to Follow-up
1
0
0
Overall Study
Death
1
0
0
Overall Study
Not meet inclusion criteria
0
0
7
Overall Study
Excluded due to time constraints
0
0
24
Overall Study
Refused to Participate
0
0
123

Baseline Characteristics

A Pilot Study of Acupuncture Treatment for Dysphagia

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Active Acupuncture
n=21 Participants
Both active and sham acupuncture were administered by 5 experienced staff acupuncturists employing a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) style, once every 2 weeks for 24 weeks, starting 2 weeks into CRT and ending at 20 weeks after CRT.
Sham Acupuncture
n=21 Participants
TBoth active and sham acupuncture were administered by 5 experienced staff acupuncturists employing a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) style, once every 2 weeks for 24 weeks, starting 2 weeks into CRT and ending at 20 weeks after CRT.
Total
n=42 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
57.2 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.8 • n=99 Participants
59.1 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.3 • n=107 Participants
58.2 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.6 • n=206 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
3 Participants
n=99 Participants
5 Participants
n=107 Participants
8 Participants
n=206 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
18 Participants
n=99 Participants
16 Participants
n=107 Participants
34 Participants
n=206 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
21 Participants
n=99 Participants
21 Participants
n=107 Participants
42 Participants
n=206 Participants
Total IMRT dose (Gy)
58 Gy
1 Participants
n=99 Participants
0 Participants
n=107 Participants
1 Participants
n=206 Participants
Total IMRT dose (Gy)
64 GY
0 Participants
n=99 Participants
3 Participants
n=107 Participants
3 Participants
n=206 Participants
Total IMRT dose (Gy)
66 Gy
1 Participants
n=99 Participants
2 Participants
n=107 Participants
3 Participants
n=206 Participants
Total IMRT dose (Gy)
70 Gy
19 Participants
n=99 Participants
16 Participants
n=107 Participants
35 Participants
n=206 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed at baseline and at 6 months post acupuncture treatment

Population: The analysis population is comprised of all randomized participants.

Outcome compliance rate is the percentage of enrolled participants who completed the primary study assessments (at baseline and in long-term follow-up 6 months post acupuncture treatment).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Active Acupuncture
n=21 Participants
Both active and sham acupuncture were administered by 5 experienced staff acupuncturists employing a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) style, once every 2 weeks for 24 weeks, starting 2 weeks into CRT and ending at 20 weeks after CRT.
Sham Acupuncture
n=21 Participants
Both active and sham acupuncture were administered by 5 experienced staff acupuncturists employing a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) style, once every 2 weeks for 24 weeks, starting 2 weeks into CRT and ending at 20 weeks after CRT.
Outcome Compliance Rate
76.2 percentage of participants
Interval 52.8 to 91.8
85.7 percentage of participants
Interval 63.6 to 97.0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed throughout the 6 month treatment period (12 acupuncture treatments every 2 weeks)

Population: The analysis population is comprised of all randomized participants.

Treatment compliance rate is the percentage of enrolled participants who completed at least 80% of treatment (10 of 12 acupuncture sessions).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Active Acupuncture
n=21 Participants
Both active and sham acupuncture were administered by 5 experienced staff acupuncturists employing a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) style, once every 2 weeks for 24 weeks, starting 2 weeks into CRT and ending at 20 weeks after CRT.
Sham Acupuncture
n=21 Participants
Both active and sham acupuncture were administered by 5 experienced staff acupuncturists employing a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) style, once every 2 weeks for 24 weeks, starting 2 weeks into CRT and ending at 20 weeks after CRT.
Treatment Compliance Rate
76.2 percentage of participants
Interval 52.8 to 91.8
81.0 percentage of participants
Interval 58.1 to 94.6

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed at baseline and 6 months post acupuncture which parallels 12 months post-CRT

Population: The analysis population represents the subset of participants evaluable at baseline and 12 months post CRT/6 months post acupuncture

The M.D. Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI) is a validated, self-administered questionnaire established as the best measure of dysphagia-related quality of life in HNC patients. (Carlsson S, et al Dysphagia 2012; 27: 361-369). MDADI has two summary scores: 1) global (1 item) and 2) composite (19 items). Each item is scored on a 5 point Likert scale (strongly disagree, disagree, no opinion, agree, strongly agree). The composite MDADI score is a weighted average of the physical, emotional, and functional subscale questions. Scores are normalized to range from 20 (extremely low functioning) to 100 (high functioning). A minimal clinically important within group difference was a 10% change from baseline.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Active Acupuncture
n=16 Participants
Both active and sham acupuncture were administered by 5 experienced staff acupuncturists employing a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) style, once every 2 weeks for 24 weeks, starting 2 weeks into CRT and ending at 20 weeks after CRT.
Sham Acupuncture
n=18 Participants
Both active and sham acupuncture were administered by 5 experienced staff acupuncturists employing a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) style, once every 2 weeks for 24 weeks, starting 2 weeks into CRT and ending at 20 weeks after CRT.
MDADI Change From Baseline to 12 Months Post Chemoradiation Therapy (CRT)
7.9 units on a scale
Interval 0.2 to 15.6
13.9 units on a scale
Interval 6.4 to 21.4

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed at baseline, 20 weeks post chemoradiation therapy and 6 months post acupuncture

Population: The analysis population is comprised of all randomized participants. At each timepoint, a subset of participants were evaluable for quality of life assessment.

The M.D. Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI) is a validated, self-administered questionnaire established as the best measure of dysphagia-related quality of life in HNC patients. (Carlsson S, et al Dysphagia 2012; 27: 361-369). MDADI has two summary scores: 1) global (1 item) and 2) composite (19 items). Each item is scored on a 5 point Likert scale (strongly disagree, disagree, no opinion, agree, strongly agree). The composite MDADI score is a weighted average of the physical, emotional, and functional subscale questions. Scores are normalized to range from 20 (extremely low functioning) to 100 (high functioning). A minimal clinically important within group difference was a 10% change from baseline.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Active Acupuncture
n=21 Participants
Both active and sham acupuncture were administered by 5 experienced staff acupuncturists employing a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) style, once every 2 weeks for 24 weeks, starting 2 weeks into CRT and ending at 20 weeks after CRT.
Sham Acupuncture
n=21 Participants
Both active and sham acupuncture were administered by 5 experienced staff acupuncturists employing a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) style, once every 2 weeks for 24 weeks, starting 2 weeks into CRT and ending at 20 weeks after CRT.
MDADI Scores
Baseline
60.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 14.7
69.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 15.5
MDADI Scores
20 weeks post chemoradiation start
68.7 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 13.3
77.8 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 10.9
MDADI Scores
6 months post acupuncture start
72.7 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 13.3
79.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 12.4

Adverse Events

Active Acupuncture

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 1 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Sham Acupuncture

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Active Acupuncture
n=21 participants at risk
Both active and sham acupuncture were administered by 5 experienced staff acupuncturists employing a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) style, once every 2 weeks for 24 weeks, starting 2 weeks into CRT and ending at 20 weeks after CRT.
Sham Acupuncture
n=21 participants at risk
Both active and sham acupuncture were administered by 5 experienced staff acupuncturists employing a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) style, once every 2 weeks for 24 weeks, starting 2 weeks into CRT and ending at 20 weeks after CRT.
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Bruising
4.8%
1/21 • Number of events 1 • Adverse events were evaluated throughout treatment at each visit up to end of treatment week 20 after CRT.
0.00%
0/21 • Adverse events were evaluated throughout treatment at each visit up to end of treatment week 20 after CRT.

Additional Information

Weidong Lu, PhD, MB, Lic.Ac.

Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

Phone: 617.632.4350

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place