Trial Outcomes & Findings for Therapeutic Exploratory Study of Comparing Natamycin and Voriconazole to Treat Fungal Corneal Ulcer (NCT NCT00557362)

NCT ID: NCT00557362

Last Updated: 2018-08-07

Results Overview

The primary efficacy endpoint was BSCVA at 3 months in the study eye, using a linear regression model with 3-month BSCVA measured in logMAR (logarithm of the Minimum Angle of Resolution) as the outcome variable and treatment arm (voriconazole vs natamycin) and enrollment logMAR BSCVA and corneal de-epithelialization (yes or no) as covariates.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE1/PHASE2

Target enrollment

120 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

3 months from enrollment

Results posted on

2018-08-07

Participant Flow

From November 27, 2007 to May 12, 2008, all patients with a corneal ulcer presenting to Aravind Eye Hospital's cornea clinics in Madurai and Pondicherry, India, were evaluated for eligibility. The Aravind Eye Care System is both a primary and tertiary care eye hospital in South India with a well-established cornea subspecialty clinic.

All patients with a corneal ulcer had corneal scrapings using a Kimura spatula for Gram stain and potassium hydroxide wet mount and had cultures plated on blood, chocolate, and potato dextrose agar. If all inclusion criteria and no exclusion criteria were met, the patient was enrolled in the study.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Topical Natamycin With Corneal De-epithelialization
Topical natamycin with corneal de-epithelialization. Drug: Natamycin 5% One drop of medication every one hour while awake for one week. For another 2 weeks, one drop of medication every 2 hours while awake. Procedure/Surgery: Corneal de-epithelialization Corneal de-epithelialization at 1 week and 2 weeks from enrollment to increase epithelial penetration of antifungal medications.
Topical Natamycin Without Corneal De-epithelialization
Topical natamycin without corneal de-epithelialization. Drug: Natamycin 5% One drop of medication every one hour while awake for one week. For another 2 weeks, one drop of medication every 2 hours while awake.
Topical Voriconazole With Corneal De-epithelialization
Topical voriconazole with corneal de-epithelialization. Drug: Voriconazole Voriconazole prepared as a 1% solution. One drop of medication every one hour while awake for one week. For another 2 weeks, one drop of medication every 2 hours while awake. Procedure/Surgery: Corneal de-epithelialization Corneal de-epithelialization at 1 week and 2 weeks from enrollment to increase epithelial penetration of antifungal medications.
Topical Voriconazole Without Corneal De-epithelialization
Topical voriconazole without corneal de-epithelialization. Drug: Voriconazole Voriconazole prepared as a 1% solution. One drop of medication every one hour while awake for one week. For another 2 weeks, one drop of medication every 2 hours while awake.
Overall Study
STARTED
30
30
30
30
Overall Study
COMPLETED
28
28
26
27
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
2
2
4
3

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Therapeutic Exploratory Study of Comparing Natamycin and Voriconazole to Treat Fungal Corneal Ulcer

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Topical Voriconazole With Corneal De-epithelialization
n=30 Participants
Drug: Voriconazole Voriconazole prepared as a 1% solution. One drop of medication every one hour while awake for one week. For another 2 weeks, one drop of medication every 2 hours while awake Procedure/Surgery: Corneal de-epithelialization Corneal de-epithelialization at 1 week and 2 weeks from enrollment to increase epithelial penetration of antifungal medications.
Topical Voriconazole Without Corneal De-epithelialization
n=30 Participants
Drug: Voriconazole Voriconazole prepared as a 1% solution. One drop of medication every one hour while awake for one week. For another 2 weeks, one drop of medication every 2 hours while awake.
Topical Natamycin With Corneal De-epithelialization
n=30 Participants
Drug: Natamycin 5% One drop of medication every one hour while awake for one week. For another 2 weeks, one drop of medication every 2 hours while awake. Procedure/Surgery: Corneal de-epithelialization Corneal de-epithelialization at 1 week and 2 weeks from enrollment to increase epithelial penetration of antifungal medications.
Topical Natamycin Without Corneal De-epithelialization
n=30 Participants
Drug: Natamycin 5% One drop of medication every one hour while awake for one week. For another 2 weeks, one drop of medication every 2 hours while awake.
Total
n=120 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
47.0 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.5 • n=39 Participants
45.0 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.5 • n=41 Participants
49.8 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.9 • n=35 Participants
45.9 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.1 • n=31 Participants
46.93 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.72 • n=146 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
14 Participants
n=39 Participants
9 Participants
n=41 Participants
7 Participants
n=35 Participants
11 Participants
n=31 Participants
41 Participants
n=146 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
16 Participants
n=39 Participants
21 Participants
n=41 Participants
23 Participants
n=35 Participants
19 Participants
n=31 Participants
79 Participants
n=146 Participants
Region of Enrollment
India
30 participants
n=39 Participants
30 participants
n=41 Participants
30 participants
n=35 Participants
30 participants
n=31 Participants
120 participants
n=146 Participants
Enrollment logMAR BSCVA
0.94 logMAR
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.66 • n=39 Participants
0.96 logMAR
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.66 • n=41 Participants
0.87 logMAR
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.67 • n=35 Participants
0.94 logMAR
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.61 • n=31 Participants
0.93 logMAR
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.64 • n=146 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 3 months from enrollment

The primary efficacy endpoint was BSCVA at 3 months in the study eye, using a linear regression model with 3-month BSCVA measured in logMAR (logarithm of the Minimum Angle of Resolution) as the outcome variable and treatment arm (voriconazole vs natamycin) and enrollment logMAR BSCVA and corneal de-epithelialization (yes or no) as covariates.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Topical Voriconazole
n=60 Participants
Drug: Voriconazole Voriconazole prepared as a 1% solution. One drop of medication every one hour while awake for one week. For another 2 weeks, one drop of medication every 2 hours while awake.
Topical Natamycin
n=60 Participants
Drug: Natamycin 5% One drop of medication every one hour while awake for one week. For another 2 weeks, one drop of medication every 2 hours while awake.
Best Spectacle Corrected Visual Acuity (BSCVA) 3 Months After Enrollment, Adjusting for Enrollment BSCVA in a Multiple Linear Regression Model
0.61 logMAR
Interval 0.48 to 0.74
0.71 logMAR
Interval 0.57 to 0.84

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 3 months from enrollment

Resolution of epithelial defect was defined as the absence of an epithelial defect with administration of fluorescein. The time to re-epithelialization was compared between the voriconazole and natamycin groups using the Cox proportional hazards model, adjusting for baseline epithelial defect size.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Topical Voriconazole
n=60 Participants
Drug: Voriconazole Voriconazole prepared as a 1% solution. One drop of medication every one hour while awake for one week. For another 2 weeks, one drop of medication every 2 hours while awake.
Topical Natamycin
n=60 Participants
Drug: Natamycin 5% One drop of medication every one hour while awake for one week. For another 2 weeks, one drop of medication every 2 hours while awake.
Time to Resolution of Epithelial Defect
13.07 days
Standard Deviation 7.71
15.2 days
Standard Deviation 7.03

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 3 months from enrollment

Size of infiltrate/scar post-treatment was analyzed in a linear regression model using enrollment infiltrate/scar size as a covariate. No differentiation was made between infiltrate and scar when measuring infiltrate/scar size (measured in mm). For analysis, infiltrate/scar size was characterized by the geometric mean of the longest dimension and the longest perpendicular.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Topical Voriconazole
n=51 Participants
Drug: Voriconazole Voriconazole prepared as a 1% solution. One drop of medication every one hour while awake for one week. For another 2 weeks, one drop of medication every 2 hours while awake.
Topical Natamycin
n=55 Participants
Drug: Natamycin 5% One drop of medication every one hour while awake for one week. For another 2 weeks, one drop of medication every 2 hours while awake.
Size of Infiltrate/Scar Post-treatment Was Analyzed in a Linear Regression Model Using Enrollment Infiltrate/Scar Size as a Covariate.
4.21 mm
Interval 3.93 to 4.49
4.08 mm
Interval 3.81 to 4.35

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 3 months from enrollment

Population: This analysis looks at two different subgroups - Fusarium ulcers and Aspergillus ulcers. There were 44 Fusaruim ulcers enrolled in this trial and analyzed here, 23 of which were randomized to voriconazole and 21 to natamycin. There were 19 Aspergillus ulcers analyzed here, 8 of which were randomized to voriconazole and 11 to natamycin.

Two subgroup analyses were conducted by causative organism: 1) best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) by treatment arm among Fusarium ulcers; 2) best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) by treatment arm among Aspergillus ulcers.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Topical Voriconazole
n=31 Participants
Drug: Voriconazole Voriconazole prepared as a 1% solution. One drop of medication every one hour while awake for one week. For another 2 weeks, one drop of medication every 2 hours while awake.
Topical Natamycin
n=32 Participants
Drug: Natamycin 5% One drop of medication every one hour while awake for one week. For another 2 weeks, one drop of medication every 2 hours while awake.
Subgroup Analysis - Best Spectacle-corrected Visual Acuity Examined by Voriconazole and Natamycin Treatment Arms in Subgroups of Fungal Ulcers (Fusarium Spp and Aspergillus Spp).
BSCVA Fusarium ulcers (n=23 vori; n=21 nata)
0.58 logMAR
Interval 0.36 to 0.81
0.50 logMAR
Interval 0.27 to 0.74
Subgroup Analysis - Best Spectacle-corrected Visual Acuity Examined by Voriconazole and Natamycin Treatment Arms in Subgroups of Fungal Ulcers (Fusarium Spp and Aspergillus Spp).
BSCVA Aspergillus ulcers (n=8 vori; n=11 nata)
0.48 logMAR
Interval 0.2 to 0.76
0.68 logMAR
Interval 0.44 to 0.92

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 3 months from enrollment

Best hard contact lens-corrected visual acuity 3 months after enrollment was evaluated in a multiple linear regression model with enrollment hard contact lens-corrected visual acuity as a covariate. Visual acuity is reported in logMAR (logarithm of the Minimum Angle of Resolution).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Topical Voriconazole
n=38 Participants
Drug: Voriconazole Voriconazole prepared as a 1% solution. One drop of medication every one hour while awake for one week. For another 2 weeks, one drop of medication every 2 hours while awake.
Topical Natamycin
n=40 Participants
Drug: Natamycin 5% One drop of medication every one hour while awake for one week. For another 2 weeks, one drop of medication every 2 hours while awake.
Best Hard Contact Lens-corrected Visual Acuity 3 Months After Enrollment in a Multiple Linear Regression Model With Enrollment Hard Contact Lens-corrected Visual Acuity as a Covariate
0.39 logMAR
Interval 0.26 to 0.54
0.46 logMAR
Interval 0.32 to 0.6

Adverse Events

Topical Voriconazole With Corneal De-epithelialization

Serious events: 6 serious events
Other events: 2 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Topical Voriconazole Without Corneal De-epithelialization

Serious events: 5 serious events
Other events: 5 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Topical Natamycin With Corneal De-epithelialization

Serious events: 8 serious events
Other events: 2 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Topical Natamycin Without Corneal De-epithelialization

Serious events: 1 serious events
Other events: 2 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
Topical Voriconazole With Corneal De-epithelialization
n=30 participants at risk
Drug: Voriconazole Voriconazole prepared as a 1% solution. One drop of medication every one hour while awake for one week. For another 2 weeks, one drop of medication every 2 hours while awake. Procedure/Surgery: Corneal de-epithelialization Corneal de-epithelialization at 1 week and 2 weeks from enrollment to increase epithelial penetration of antifungal medications.
Topical Voriconazole Without Corneal De-epithelialization
n=30 participants at risk
Drug: Voriconazole Voriconazole prepared as a 1% solution. One drop of medication every one hour while awake for one week. For another 2 weeks, one drop of medication every 2 hours while awake.
Topical Natamycin With Corneal De-epithelialization
n=30 participants at risk
Drug: Natamycin 5% One drop of medication every one hour while awake for one week. For another 2 weeks, one drop of medication every 2 hours while awake. Procedure/Surgery: Corneal de-epithelialization Corneal de-epithelialization at 1 week and 2 weeks from enrollment to increase epithelial penetration of antifungal medications.
Topical Natamycin Without Corneal De-epithelialization
n=30 participants at risk
Drug: Natamycin 5% One drop of medication every one hour while awake for one week. For another 2 weeks, one drop of medication every 2 hours while awake.
Eye disorders
Corneal perforation
16.7%
5/30 • Number of events 5
16.7%
5/30 • Number of events 5
26.7%
8/30 • Number of events 8
3.3%
1/30 • Number of events 1
General disorders
Death
3.3%
1/30 • Number of events 1
0.00%
0/30
0.00%
0/30
0.00%
0/30

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Topical Voriconazole With Corneal De-epithelialization
n=30 participants at risk
Drug: Voriconazole Voriconazole prepared as a 1% solution. One drop of medication every one hour while awake for one week. For another 2 weeks, one drop of medication every 2 hours while awake. Procedure/Surgery: Corneal de-epithelialization Corneal de-epithelialization at 1 week and 2 weeks from enrollment to increase epithelial penetration of antifungal medications.
Topical Voriconazole Without Corneal De-epithelialization
n=30 participants at risk
Drug: Voriconazole Voriconazole prepared as a 1% solution. One drop of medication every one hour while awake for one week. For another 2 weeks, one drop of medication every 2 hours while awake.
Topical Natamycin With Corneal De-epithelialization
n=30 participants at risk
Drug: Natamycin 5% One drop of medication every one hour while awake for one week. For another 2 weeks, one drop of medication every 2 hours while awake. Procedure/Surgery: Corneal de-epithelialization Corneal de-epithelialization at 1 week and 2 weeks from enrollment to increase epithelial penetration of antifungal medications.
Topical Natamycin Without Corneal De-epithelialization
n=30 participants at risk
Drug: Natamycin 5% One drop of medication every one hour while awake for one week. For another 2 weeks, one drop of medication every 2 hours while awake.
Eye disorders
Local allergic reaction
0.00%
0/30
3.3%
1/30 • Number of events 1
0.00%
0/30
0.00%
0/30
Eye disorders
Increase in hypopyon
0.00%
0/30
6.7%
2/30 • Number of events 2
0.00%
0/30
3.3%
1/30 • Number of events 1
Eye disorders
Increase in infiltrate
3.3%
1/30 • Number of events 1
3.3%
1/30 • Number of events 1
3.3%
1/30 • Number of events 1
3.3%
1/30 • Number of events 1
Eye disorders
No resolution of epithelial defect by 21 days
0.00%
0/30
0.00%
0/30
3.3%
1/30 • Number of events 1
0.00%
0/30
Eye disorders
Progressive corneal thinning
3.3%
1/30 • Number of events 1
3.3%
1/30 • Number of events 1
0.00%
0/30
0.00%
0/30

Additional Information

Tom M/ Lietman

University of California San Francisco Proctor Foundation

Phone: 4155022662

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place