Treatment of Relapsed Promyelocytic Leukemia With Arsenic Trioxide (ATO)

Summary

Summary Acute promyelocytic leukemia is defined by a characteristic morphology (AML FAB M3/M3v), by the specific translocation t(15;17) and its molecular correlates (PML/RARa and RARa/PML). Thereby it can be separated from all other forms of acute leukemia.

By all-trans retinoic acid in combination with chemotherapy cure rates of 70 to 80% can be reached. On average, about 10% of patients still die in the early phase of the treatment and about 20 to 30% relapse. Molecular monitoring of the minimal residual disease (MRD) by qualitative nested RT-PCR and quantitative REAL-time PCR of PML/RARa allows to follow the individual kinetics of MRD and to identify patients with an imminent hematological relapse.

A standardized treatment for patients with relapsed APL has not yet been established. With arsenic trioxide (ATO) monotherapy remission rates over 80% were achieved and long-lasting molecular remissions are described. The drug was mostly well tolerated. ATO exerts a dose dependent dual effect on APL blasts, apoptosis in higher and partial differentiation in lower concentrations. ATO was also successfully administered before allogeneic and autologous transplantation. ATO is approved for the treatment of relapsed and refractory APL in Europe and in the USA.

After remission induction, there are several options for postremission therapy Previous studies shows that risk of relapse is higher in patients treated with ATO postremission in monotherapy , than in other that receive ATO plus chemotherapy or transplantation (TPH). Also, compared with chemotherapy, ATO induction and consolidation has a favorable impact in posterior response to transplantation. It is due to a low toxicity or a best quality of remission to TPH. It seems better, for these reasons, the intensification with TPH (autologous or allogenic) in patients with relapsed APL treated with ATO. For another hand, patients no candidates to TPH can be treated with ATO combined with other active agents in APL, as ATRA, anthracyclines o Mylotarg

Conditions

• Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia

Interventions

DRUG

Arsenic Trioxide

Induction ATO 0.15 mg/kg/day IV until CR or a maximum of 60 days In isolated molecular relapse ATO will be administered at same dose, 5 days a week, during 6 weeks. Consolidation ATO 0.15 mg/kg/day IV 5 days week, during 5 weeks

PROCEDURE

Autologous Transplantation

Autologous Transplantation

PROCEDURE

Allogenic Transplantation

Allogenic Transplantation

DRUG

ATRA

Consolidation: ATRA 45 mg/m²/day oral during 5 weeks

Sponsors & Collaborators

• PETHEMA Foundation

  lead OTHER

Principal Investigators

• Sanz Miguel Angel, Dr · Hospital La Fe

• Esteve Jordi, Dr · Hospital Clinic of Barcelona

• Montesinos Pau, Dr · Hospital General Universitario de Valencia

Study Design

Allocation

NON_RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

NONE

Model

SINGLE_GROUP

Eligibility

Min Age

18 Years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

No

Timeline & Regulatory

Start

2007-07-31

Primary Completion

2014-10-31

Completion

2014-10-31

Countries

• Spain

Study Locations