Trial Outcomes & Findings for Functional Rehabilitation of Older Patients With Schizophrenia (NCT NCT00237796)

NCT ID: NCT00237796

Last Updated: 2015-04-06

Results Overview

The ILSS is a self-report measure in an interview format to assess everyday functioning in ten domains: Appearance and Clothing, Personal Hygiene, Care of Personal Possessions, Food Preparation/Storage, Health Maintenance, Money Management, Transportation, Leisure, Job Seeking, and Job Maintenance. Scale ranges from 0 to 1. Subscales are averaged to yield composite score. Higher scores represent higher level of functioning.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

116 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

baseline, mid-treatment, end of treatment, mid-follow up, and follow up

Results posted on

2015-04-06

Participant Flow

Participants included 79 middle age and older community dwelling Veteran and non-veterans. Inclusion criteria: diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective, age 45 or older, and fluency in English. Exclusion criteria: prior exposure to CBT during the previous five years.

Baseline data were collected before randomization. N=116 participants enrolled in the study and N=79 started. Total of 37 excluded for reasons: n=20 lost interest; n=6 wrong diagnosis, n=3 not psychiatrically stable; n=3 not medically stable, and n=5 lost contact/moved.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training (CBSST)
Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training: Thought challenging, social communication skills, and problem solving skills are trained in group therapy 2 hours per week for 9 months.
Goal Focused Supportive Contact (GFSC)
Goal Focused Supportive Contact: Active goal setting and supportive contact in group therapy 2 hours per week for 9 months.
Overall Study
STARTED
41
38
Overall Study
COMPLETED
31
33
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
10
5

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training (CBSST)
Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training: Thought challenging, social communication skills, and problem solving skills are trained in group therapy 2 hours per week for 9 months.
Goal Focused Supportive Contact (GFSC)
Goal Focused Supportive Contact: Active goal setting and supportive contact in group therapy 2 hours per week for 9 months.
Overall Study
Baseline and one other ILSS required
10
5

Baseline Characteristics

Functional Rehabilitation of Older Patients With Schizophrenia

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training (CBSST)
n=31 Participants
Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training: Thought challenging, social communication skills, and problem solving skills are trained in group therapy 2 hours per week for 9 months.
Goal Focused Supportive Contact (GFSC)
n=33 Participants
Goal Directed Supportive Care Contact: Active goal setting and supportive contact in group therapy 2 hours per week for 9 months.
Total
n=64 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Customized
Between ages 45 to 78
31 participants
n=39 Participants
33 participants
n=41 Participants
64 participants
n=35 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
15 Participants
n=39 Participants
19 Participants
n=41 Participants
34 Participants
n=35 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
16 Participants
n=39 Participants
14 Participants
n=41 Participants
30 Participants
n=35 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
31 participants
n=39 Participants
33 participants
n=41 Participants
64 participants
n=35 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline, mid-treatment, end of treatment, mid-follow up, and follow up

The ILSS is a self-report measure in an interview format to assess everyday functioning in ten domains: Appearance and Clothing, Personal Hygiene, Care of Personal Possessions, Food Preparation/Storage, Health Maintenance, Money Management, Transportation, Leisure, Job Seeking, and Job Maintenance. Scale ranges from 0 to 1. Subscales are averaged to yield composite score. Higher scores represent higher level of functioning.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training
n=31 Participants
Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training: Thought challenging, social communication skills, and problem solving skills are trained in group therapy 2 hours per week for 9 months.
Goal Focused Supportive Contact
n=33 Participants
Goal Focused Supportive Contact Goal Focused Supportive Contact: Active goal setting and supportive contact in group therapy 2 hours per week for 9 months.
Independent Living Skills Survey (ILSS)
Baseline
0.66 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.09
0.70 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.11
Independent Living Skills Survey (ILSS)
Mid-Followup (13.5 months)
0.68 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.07
0.72 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.12
Independent Living Skills Survey (ILSS)
Mid-treatment (4.5 months)
0.68 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.10
0.71 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.10
Independent Living Skills Survey (ILSS)
End of treatment (9 months)
0.68 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.07
0.71 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.12
Independent Living Skills Survey (ILSS)
Follow Up (9 months)
0.71 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.07
0.68 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.13

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline, mid-treatment, end of treatment, mid-follow up, and follow up

The Comprehensive Module Test (CMT) is an assessment of CBSST skills acquisition in three domains: Communication Skills Test, Problem Solving Test, and Thought Challenging Test. The total CMT score ranges from 0-33. Higher total scores represent higher level of CBSST skills acquisition.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training
n=31 Participants
Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training: Thought challenging, social communication skills, and problem solving skills are trained in group therapy 2 hours per week for 9 months.
Goal Focused Supportive Contact
n=33 Participants
Goal Focused Supportive Contact Goal Focused Supportive Contact: Active goal setting and supportive contact in group therapy 2 hours per week for 9 months.
Comprehensive Module Test (CMT)
End of treatment (9 months)
12.0 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.1
5.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.1
Comprehensive Module Test (CMT)
Mid-Followup (13.5 months)
10.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.8
6.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.3
Comprehensive Module Test (CMT)
Follow Up (9 months)
11.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.2
5.8 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.8
Comprehensive Module Test (CMT)
Baseline
6.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.6
4.8 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.3
Comprehensive Module Test (CMT)
Mid-treatment (4.5 months)
8.6 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.6
6.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.1

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline, mid-treatment, end of treatment, mid follow-up, and followup

The PANSS is 30 item semi-structured clinical interview designed to assess positive and negative symptoms. Positive symptoms are rated on 7 domains: Delusions, Conceptual Disorganization, Hallucinatory Behavior, Excitement, Grandiosity, Suspiciousness/Persecution, and Hostility. Each domain in the positive symptom subscale is rated from 0 (absence of symptom) to 7 (extreme symptom severity). Total scores of the seven domains are summed to yield a total score range of 0 (Absence) to 49 (Extreme), where higher scores represent more severe positive symptoms.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training
n=31 Participants
Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training: Thought challenging, social communication skills, and problem solving skills are trained in group therapy 2 hours per week for 9 months.
Goal Focused Supportive Contact
n=33 Participants
Goal Focused Supportive Contact Goal Focused Supportive Contact: Active goal setting and supportive contact in group therapy 2 hours per week for 9 months.
Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) - Positive Subscale
Baseline
18.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 8.1
17.8 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 6.3
Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) - Positive Subscale
Mid-treatment (4.5 months)
17.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 6.4
15.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.8
Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) - Positive Subscale
End of treatment (9 months)
15.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.8
16.1 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.3
Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) - Positive Subscale
Mid-Followup (13.5 months)
15.8 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 6.8
18.0 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 6.7
Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) - Positive Subscale
Follow Up (9 months)
15.7 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.5
18.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 8.1

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline, mid treatment, end of treatment, mid follow-up, and follow up

The SANS is a 25 item semi-structured clinical interview designed to assess negative symptoms. The first 13 items measure diminished expression which consists of two domains: Affective flattening and Alogia. Each item is rated from 0 (Absent) to 5 (Severe). The total score is derived from the average of the Affective Flattening and Alogia global ratings (items #8 and #13).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training
n=31 Participants
Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training: Thought challenging, social communication skills, and problem solving skills are trained in group therapy 2 hours per week for 9 months.
Goal Focused Supportive Contact
n=33 Participants
Goal Focused Supportive Contact Goal Focused Supportive Contact: Active goal setting and supportive contact in group therapy 2 hours per week for 9 months.
Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) - Diminished Expression
Baseline
1.63 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.37
1.79 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.09
Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) - Diminished Expression
Mid-treatment (4.5 months)
1.72 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.13
1.48 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.87
Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) - Diminished Expression
Mid-Followup (13.5 months)
1.71 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.00
1.62 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.31
Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) - Diminished Expression
Follow Up (9 months)
1.62 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.06
1.83 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.30
Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) - Diminished Expression
End of treatment (9 months)
1.21 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.12
1.38 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.04

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline, mid-treatment, end of treatment, mid follow-up, and follow-up

The SANS is a 25 item semi-structured clinical interview designed to assess negative symptoms. There are 9 items that measure diminished motivation which consists of two domains: Avolition-Apathy and Anhedonia-Asociality. Each item is rated from 0 (Absent) to 5 (Severe). The total score is derived from the average of the Affective Flattening and Alogia global ratings (items #17 and #22).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training
n=31 Participants
Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training: Thought challenging, social communication skills, and problem solving skills are trained in group therapy 2 hours per week for 9 months.
Goal Focused Supportive Contact
n=33 Participants
Goal Focused Supportive Contact Goal Focused Supportive Contact: Active goal setting and supportive contact in group therapy 2 hours per week for 9 months.
The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) - Diminished Motivation
Baseline
2.02 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.17
2.46 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.15
The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) - Diminished Motivation
Mid-treatment (4.5 months)
2.09 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.35
2.15 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.18
The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) - Diminished Motivation
End of treatment (9 months)
1.90 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.30
1.83 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.31
The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) - Diminished Motivation
Mid-Followup (13.5 months)
1.53 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.03
1.92 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.43
The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) - Diminished Motivation
Follow Up (9 months)
1.72 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.02
1.93 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.44

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline, mid-treatment, end of treatment, mid follow-up, and follow-up

The BDI-II is a self-report measure of depression that consists of 21 questions. The total scale ranges from 0-63. Scores from individual questions are summed to yield a total score. Higher scores represent greater severity of depression.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training
n=31 Participants
Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training: Thought challenging, social communication skills, and problem solving skills are trained in group therapy 2 hours per week for 9 months.
Goal Focused Supportive Contact
n=33 Participants
Goal Focused Supportive Contact Goal Focused Supportive Contact: Active goal setting and supportive contact in group therapy 2 hours per week for 9 months.
Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II)
Baseline
16.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 9.8
16.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 13.5
Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II)
Mid-treatment (4.5 months)
17.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 12.3
13.8 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 11.2
Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II)
End of treatment (9 months)
15.0 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 12.6
14.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 14.0
Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II)
Mid-Followup (13.5 months)
9.1 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.9
12.9 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 12.7

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline, mid-treatment, end of treatment, mid follow-up, and follow up

The Beck Anxiety Inventory is a self-report measure of anxiety that consists of 21 questions. Scores from individual items are summed to yield a total score. The total score ranges from 0-63. Higher scores represent greater severity of anxiety.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training
n=31 Participants
Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training: Thought challenging, social communication skills, and problem solving skills are trained in group therapy 2 hours per week for 9 months.
Goal Focused Supportive Contact
n=33 Participants
Goal Focused Supportive Contact Goal Focused Supportive Contact: Active goal setting and supportive contact in group therapy 2 hours per week for 9 months.
Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI)
Baseline
16.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 12.7
14.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 12.1
Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI)
Mid-treatment (4.5 months)
14.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 12.3
12.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 12.1
Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI)
End of treatment (9 months)
15.7 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 14.2
10.6 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 10.1
Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI)
Mid-Followup (13.5 months)
12.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 12.2
10.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 11.4
Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI)
Follow Up (9 months)
11.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 10.1
10.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 11.0

Adverse Events

CBSST

Serious events: 4 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Goal Directed Supportive Care

Serious events: 11 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
CBSST
n=41 participants at risk
Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training: Thought challenging, social communication skills, and problem solving skills are trained in group therapy 2 hours per week for 9 months.
Goal Directed Supportive Care
n=38 participants at risk
Goal Directed Supportive Care Contact: Active goal setting and supportive contact in group therapy 2 hours per week for 9 months.
Psychiatric disorders
Hospitalization
4.9%
2/41 • Number of events 4 • 3 years
23.7%
9/38 • Number of events 18 • 3 years
Endocrine disorders
Hospitalization
2.4%
1/41 • Number of events 1 • 3 years
0.00%
0/38 • 3 years
Cardiac disorders
Hospitalization
0.00%
0/41 • 3 years
2.6%
1/38 • Number of events 1 • 3 years
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Hospitalization
0.00%
0/41 • 3 years
2.6%
1/38 • Number of events 1 • 3 years
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Hospitalization
0.00%
0/41 • 3 years
2.6%
1/38 • Number of events 1 • 3 years
Nervous system disorders
Hospitalization
2.4%
1/41 • Number of events 1 • 3 years
0.00%
0/38 • 3 years

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Eric Granholm, PhD

VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego

Phone: 858-552-8585

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place