Also known as: dMMR
Four biomarkers—MMR, HER2, PD-L1, and Claudin 18.2—are now validated for advanced esophageal cancer, guiding immunotherapy and targeted treatment decisions. Checkpoint inhibitors show clear benefit in MSI-H and PD-L1-positive subgroups, with long-term survival observed. NCCN guidelines recommend broad testing to personalize therapy.
A study in stage 3 dMMR colon cancer found that atezolizumab plus chemotherapy after surgery cut recurrence and death risk by 50%. The trial enrolled 712 patients and the regimen is now included in treatment guidelines.
Atezolizumab combined with chemotherapy shows significant benefits in dMMR/MSI-H colorectal cancer. In stage III disease, the ATOMIC trial demonstrated improved 3-year DFS (86.3% vs 76.2%) with atezolizumab plus mFOLFOX6. For metastatic disease, the COMMIT trial showed superior PFS (24.5 vs 5.3 months) with atezolizumab, bevacizumab, and FOLFOX versus atezolizumab monotherapy.
