Clinical trial results support ctDNA-guided therapy for bladder cancer, with the phase III IMvigor011 trial showing improved survival outcomes. Standardisation efforts are underway through position papers from professional societies and consensus guidelines. Nanotechnology advances and AI integration are poised to improve ctDNA detection sensitivity for liquid biopsy applications.
A new four-marker blood test detects pancreatic cancer with 91.9% accuracy across all stages and 87.5% accuracy for early-stage disease. The test combines two newly identified proteins with existing biomarkers and can differentiate cancer from non-cancerous conditions. While promising for pancreatic cancer, most cancers still cannot be reliably diagnosed with blood tests alone.
Liquid biopsy-based circulating tumour DNA analysis has evolved from single-gene testing to comprehensive genomic profiling, enabling detection of actionable targets and minimal residual disease in colorectal cancer patients.
Scientists are developing blood tests that can detect cancer years before symptoms appear, including CRISPR-powered sensors and multi-cancer early detection tests that identify molecular warning signs in the bloodstream.
